適用於：
MongoDB
使用插入、更新和刪除文件的功能來管理您的 MongoDB 文件。
注意
範例程式碼片段可在 GitHub 上以 JavaScript 專案形式取得。
API for MongoDB 參考文件 | MongoDB 套件 (npm)
插入文件
將以 JSON 結構描述定義的文件插入集合中。
// get database client for database
// if database or collection doesn't exist, it is created
// when the doc is inserted
// insert doc
const doc = { name: `product-${random}` };
const insertOneResult = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.insertOne(doc);
console.log(`Insert 1 - ${JSON.stringify(insertOneResult)}`);
// insert docs
const docs = [{ name: `product-${random}` }, { name: `product-${random}` }];
const insertManyResult = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.insertMany(docs);
console.log(`Insert many ${JSON.stringify(insertManyResult)}`);
上述程式碼片段會顯示下列範例主控台輸出：
Insert 1 - {"acknowledged":true,"insertedId":"62b2394be4042705f00fd790"}
Insert many {"acknowledged":true,"insertedCount":2,"insertedIds":{"0":"62b2394be4042705f00fd791","1":"62b2394be4042705f00fd792"}}
done
文件識別碼
如果您沒有為文件提供識別碼 _id，系統會為您建立一個識別碼作為 BSON 物件。 所提供識別碼的值是使用 ObjectId 方法存取。
使用識別碼來查詢文件：
const query = { _id: ObjectId("62b1f43a9446918500c875c5")};
更新文件
若要更新文件，請指定用來尋找文件的查詢，以及應該更新的一組文件屬性。 您可以選擇 upsert 文件，如果文件不存在，則會插入文件。
const product = {
category: 'gear-surf-surfboards',
name: 'Yamba Surfboard 3',
quantity: 15,
sale: true,
};
const query = { name: product.name };
const update = { $set: product };
const options = { upsert: true, new: true };
const upsertResult = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.updateOne(query, update, options);
console.log(
`Upsert result:\t\n${Object.keys(upsertResult).map(key => `\t${key}: ${upsertResult[key]}\n`)}`
);
上述程式碼片段會針對插入顯示下列範例主控台輸出：
Upsert result:
acknowledged: true
, modifiedCount: 0
, upsertedId: 62b1f492ff69395b30a03169
, upsertedCount: 1
, matchedCount: 0
done
上述程式碼片段會針對更新顯示下列範例主控台輸出：
Upsert result:
acknowledged: true
, modifiedCount: 1
, upsertedId: null
, upsertedCount: 0
, matchedCount: 1
done
集合的大量更新
您可以使用 bulkWrite 作業一次執行數個作業。 深入了解如何針對 Azure Cosmos DB 將大量寫入最佳化。
以下是可用的大量作業：
MongoClient.Db.Collection.bulkWrite
insertOne
updateOne
updateMany
deleteOne
deleteMany
const doc1 = {
category: 'gear-surf-surfboards',
name: 'Yamba Surfboard 3',
quantity: 15,
sale: true,
};
const doc2 = {
category: 'gear-surf-surfboards',
name: 'Yamba Surfboard 7',
quantity: 5,
sale: true,
};
// update docs with new property/value
const addNewProperty = {
filter: { category: 'gear-surf-surfboards' },
update: { $set: { discontinued: true } },
upsert: true,
};
// bulkWrite only supports insertOne, updateOne, updateMany, deleteOne, deleteMany
const upsertResult = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.bulkWrite([
{ insertOne: { document: doc1 } },
{ insertOne: { document: doc2 } },
{ updateMany: addNewProperty },
]);
console.log(`${JSON.stringify(upsertResult)}`);
上述程式碼片段會顯示下列範例主控台輸出：
{
"ok":1,
"writeErrors":[],
"writeConcernErrors":[],
"insertedIds":[
{"index":0,"_id":"62b23a371a09ed6441e5ee30"},
{"index":1,"_id":"62b23a371a09ed6441e5ee31"}],
"nInserted":2,
"nUpserted":0,
"nMatched":10,
"nModified":10,
"nRemoved":0,
"upserted":[]
}
done
刪除文件
若要刪除文件，請使用查詢來定義如何找到文件。
const product = {
_id: new ObjectId('62b1f43a9446918500c875c5'),
category: 'gear-surf-surfboards',
name: 'Yamba Surfboard 3',
quantity: 15,
sale: true,
};
const query = { name: product.name };
// delete 1 with query for unique document
const delete1Result = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.deleteOne(query);
console.log(
`Delete 1 result:\t\n${Object.keys(delete1Result).map(key => `\t${key}: ${delete1Result[key]}\n`)}`
);
// delete all with empty query {}
const deleteAllResult = await client
.db('adventureworks')
.collection('products')
.deleteMany({});
console.log(
`Delete all result:\t\n${Object.keys(deleteAllResult).map(key => `\t${key}: ${deleteAllResult[key]}\n`)}`
);
上述程式碼片段會顯示下列範例主控台輸出：
Delete 1 result:
acknowledged: true
, deletedCount: 1
Delete all result:
acknowledged: true
, deletedCount: 27
done