此 aggregate 指令用於處理資料記錄並回傳計算結果。 它對資料執行過濾、分組與排序等操作,並能以多種方式轉換資料。 此 aggregate 指令高度靈活,常用於資料分析與報告。
語法
db.collection.aggregate(pipeline, options)
- 管線:一系列聚合階段,用以處理與轉換資料。
-
選項:可選。 指定更多聚合選項,如
explain、allowDiskUse和cursor。
範例
範例 1:按類別計算總銷售額
此範例示範如何計算集合中 stores 每個類別的總銷售額。
db.stores.aggregate([
{
$unwind: "$sales.salesByCategory"
},
{
$group: {
_id: "$sales.salesByCategory.categoryName",
totalSales: { $sum: "$sales.salesByCategory.totalSales" }
}
}
])
範例輸出
[mongos] StoreData> db.stores.aggregate([
... {
... $unwind: "$sales.salesByCategory"
... },
... {
... $group: {
... _id: "$sales.salesByCategory.categoryName",
... totalSales: { $sum: "$sales.salesByCategory.totalSales" }
... }
... }
... ])
[
{ _id: 'Christmas Trees', totalSales: 3147281 },
{ _id: 'Nuts', totalSales: 3002332 },
{ _id: 'Camping Tables', totalSales: 4431667 }
]
範例二:尋找全職員工超過10人的門市
此範例展示了如何篩選全職員工超過10人的門市。
db.stores.aggregate([
{
$match: {
"staff.totalStaff.fullTime": { $gt: 10 }
}
}
])
範例輸出
[mongos] StoreData> db.stores.aggregate([
... {
... $match: {
... "staff.totalStaff.fullTime": { $gt: 10 }
... }
... }
... ])
[
{
_id: '7954bd5c-9ac2-4c10-bb7a-2b79bd0963c5',
name: "Lenore's DJ Equipment Store",
location: { lat: -9.9399, lon: -0.334 },
staff: { totalStaff: { fullTime: 18, partTime: 7 } },
sales: {
totalSales: 35911,
salesByCategory: [ { categoryName: 'DJ Headphones', totalSales: 35911 } ]
},
promotionEvents: [
{
discounts: [
{ categoryName: 'DJ Turntables', discountPercentage: 18 },
{ categoryName: 'DJ Mixers', discountPercentage: 15 }
]
}
],
tag: [ '#SeasonalSale', '#FreeShipping', '#MembershipDeals' ]
}
]
範例三:列出所有折扣超過15% 的促銷活動
此範例列出所有促銷活動中任何折扣超過15%。
db.stores.aggregate([
{
$unwind: "$promotionEvents"
},
{
$unwind: "$promotionEvents.discounts"
},
{
$match: {
"promotionEvents.discounts.discountPercentage": { $gt: 15 }
}
},
{
$group: {
_id: "$promotionEvents.eventName",
discounts: { $push: "$promotionEvents.discounts" }
}
}
])
範例輸出
[mongos] StoreData> db.stores.aggregate([
... {
... $unwind: "$promotionEvents"
... },
... {
... $unwind: "$promotionEvents.discounts"
... },
... {
... $match: {
... "promotionEvents.discounts.discountPercentage": { $gt: 20 }
... }
... },
... {
... $group: {
... _id: "$promotionEvents.eventName",
... discounts: { $push: "$promotionEvents.discounts" }
... }
... }
... ])
[
{
[
{ categoryName: 'Basketball Gear', discountPercentage: 23 },
{ categoryName: 'Wool Carpets', discountPercentage: 22 },
{
categoryName: 'Portable Bluetooth Speakers',
discountPercentage: 24
}
]
}
]
相關內容
- Review Migrating from MongoDB to Azure DocumentDB 的選項
- 閱讀更多關於 MongoDB 功能相容性的資訊