Registry 類別

參考

定義

命名空間:: Microsoft.Win32

組件:: Microsoft.Win32.Registry.dll

組件:: mscorlib.dll

重要

部分資訊涉及發行前產品，在發行之前可能會有大幅修改。 Microsoft 對此處提供的資訊，不做任何明確或隱含的瑕疵擔保。

提供用於表示 Windows 登錄中根目錄機碼的 RegistryKey 物件，以及用於存取機碼/值組的 static 方法。

public ref class Registry abstract sealed

public ref class Registry sealed

public static class Registry

public sealed class Registry

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public static class Registry

type Registry = class

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Registry = class

Public Class Registry

Public NotInheritable Class Registry

繼承: Object
Registry

屬性: ComVisibleAttribute

範例

本節包含兩個程式碼範例。第一個範例示範根索引鍵，第二個範例示範 staticGetValue 和 SetValue 方法。

範例 1

下列程式碼範例示範如何擷取HKEY_USERS機碼的子機碼，並將其名稱列印到畫面。 OpenSubKey使用方法來建立感興趣的特定子機碼實例。然後，您可以在中使用其他作業 RegistryKey 來操作該索引鍵。

using namespace System;
using namespace Microsoft::Win32;
void PrintKeys( RegistryKey ^ rkey )
{
   
   // Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
   array<String^>^names = rkey->GetSubKeyNames();
   int icount = 0;
   Console::WriteLine( "Subkeys of {0}", rkey->Name );
   Console::WriteLine( "-----------------------------------------------" );
   
   // Print the contents of the array to the console.
   System::Collections::IEnumerator^ enum0 = names->GetEnumerator();
   while ( enum0->MoveNext() )
   {
      String^ s = safe_cast<String^>(enum0->Current);
      Console::WriteLine( s );
      
      // The following code puts a limit on the number
      // of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
      // complete list.
      icount++;
      if ( icount >= 10 )
            break;
   }
}

int main()
{
   
   // Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
   // key in the registry of this machine.
   RegistryKey ^ rk = Registry::Users;
   
   // Print out the keys.
   PrintKeys( rk );
}

using System;
using Microsoft.Win32;

class Reg {
    public static void Main() {

        // Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
        // key in the registry of this machine.
        RegistryKey rk = Registry.Users;

        // Print out the keys.
        PrintKeys(rk);
    }

    static void PrintKeys(RegistryKey rkey) {

        // Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
        string [] names = rkey.GetSubKeyNames();

        int icount = 0;

        Console.WriteLine("Subkeys of " + rkey.Name);
        Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------");

        // Print the contents of the array to the console.
        foreach (string s in names) {
            Console.WriteLine(s);

            // The following code puts a limit on the number
            // of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
            // complete list.
            icount++;
            if (icount >= 10)
                break;
        }
    }
}

Imports Microsoft.Win32

Class Reg
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        
        ' Create a RegistryKey, which will access the HKEY_USERS
        ' key in the registry of this machine.
        Dim rk As RegistryKey = Registry.Users
        
        ' Print out the keys.
        PrintKeys(rk)
    End Sub    
    
    Shared Sub PrintKeys(rkey As RegistryKey)
        
        ' Retrieve all the subkeys for the specified key.
        Dim names As String() = rkey.GetSubKeyNames()
        
        Dim icount As Integer = 0
        
        Console.WriteLine("Subkeys of " & rkey.Name)
        Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------")
        
        ' Print the contents of the array to the console.
        Dim s As String
        For Each s In  names
            Console.WriteLine(s)
            
            ' The following code puts a limit on the number
            ' of keys displayed.  Comment it out to print the
            ' complete list.
            icount += 1            
            If icount >= 10 Then
                Exit For
            End If
        Next s
    End Sub
End Class

範例 2

下列程式碼範例會將數個資料類型的值儲存在範例索引鍵中，建立索引鍵的方式，然後擷取並顯示值。此範例示範儲存和擷取預設 (無名稱) 名稱/值組，以及在名稱/值組不存在時使用 defaultValue 。

using namespace System;
using namespace Microsoft::Win32;

int main()
{   
    // The name of the key must include a valid root.
    String^ userRoot = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER";
    String^ subKey = "RegistrySetValueExample2";
    String^ keyName = String::Concat(userRoot, "\\", subKey);
    
    // An int value can be stored without specifying the
    // registry data type, but Int64 values will be stored
    // as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
    // the int is stored in the default name/value
    // pair.
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "", 5280);
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestInt64", 12345678901234, 
        RegistryValueKind::QWord);
    
    // Strings with expandable environment variables are
    // stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
    // data type.
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%");
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%", 
        RegistryValueKind::ExpandString);
    
    // Arrays of strings are stored automatically as 
    // MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
    // automatically as Binary.
    array<String^>^ strings  = {"One", "Two", "Three"};
    Registry::SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings);
    
    // Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
    // does not exist.
    String^ noSuch = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "NoSuchName", 
        "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine("\r\nNoSuchName: {0}", noSuch);
    
    // Retrieve the int and Int64 values, specifying 
    // numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
    // do not exist. The int value is retrieved from the
    // default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
    int testInteger = (int)Registry::GetValue(keyName, "", -1);
    Console::WriteLine("(Default): {0}", testInteger);
    long long testInt64 = (long long)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestInt64", System::Int64::MinValue);
    Console::WriteLine("TestInt64: {0}", testInt64);
    
    // When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
    // an array for the default return value. 
    array<String^>^ testArray = (array<String^>^)Registry::GetValue(
        keyName, "TestArray", 
        gcnew array<String^> {"Default if TestArray does not exist."});
    for (int i = 0; i < testArray->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, testArray[i]);
    }
    
    // A string with embedded environment variables is not
    // expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
    String^ testExpand = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestExpand", "Default if TestExpand does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", testExpand);
    
    // A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
    String^ testExpand2 = (String^)Registry::GetValue(keyName, 
        "TestExpand2", "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.");
    Console::WriteLine(
        "TestExpand2: {0}...", testExpand2->Substring(0, 40));
    Console::WriteLine(
        "\r\nUse the registry editor to examine the key.");
    Console::WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.");
    Console::ReadLine();
    Registry::CurrentUser->DeleteSubKey(subKey);
}
//
// This code example produces output similar to the following:
//
// NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
// (Default): 5280
// TestInt64: 12345678901234
// TestArray(0): One
// TestArray(1): Two
// TestArray(2): Three
// TestExpand: My path: %path%
// TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
//
// Use the registry editor to examine the key.
// Press the Enter key to delete the key.

using System;
using Microsoft.Win32;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // The name of the key must include a valid root.
        const string userRoot = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER";
        const string subkey = "RegistrySetValueExample";
        const string keyName = userRoot + "\\" + subkey;

        // An int value can be stored without specifying the
        // registry data type, but long values will be stored
        // as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
        // the int is stored in the default name/value
        // pair.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "", 5280);
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestLong", 12345678901234,
            RegistryValueKind.QWord);

        // Strings with expandable environment variables are
        // stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
        // data type.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%");
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%",
            RegistryValueKind.ExpandString);

        // Arrays of strings are stored automatically as
        // MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
        // automatically as Binary.
        string[] strings = {"One", "Two", "Three"};
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings);

        // Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
        // does not exist.
        string noSuch = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "NoSuchName",
            "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("\r\nNoSuchName: {0}", noSuch);

        // Retrieve the int and long values, specifying
        // numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
        // do not exist. The int value is retrieved from the
        // default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
        int tInteger = (int) Registry.GetValue(keyName, "", -1);
        Console.WriteLine("(Default): {0}", tInteger);
        long tLong = (long) Registry.GetValue(keyName, "TestLong",
            long.MinValue);
        Console.WriteLine("TestLong: {0}", tLong);

        // When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
        // an array for the default return value.
        string[] tArray = (string[]) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "TestArray",
            new string[] {"Default if TestArray does not exist."});
        for(int i=0; i<tArray.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, tArray[i]);
        }

        // A string with embedded environment variables is not
        // expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
        string tExpand = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
             "TestExpand",
             "Default if TestExpand does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", tExpand);

        // A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
        string tExpand2 = (string) Registry.GetValue(keyName,
            "TestExpand2",
            "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.");
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand2: {0}...",
            tExpand2.Substring(0, 40));

        Console.WriteLine("\r\nUse the registry editor to examine the key.");
        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.");
        Console.ReadLine();
        Registry.CurrentUser.DeleteSubKey(subkey);
    }
}
//
// This code example produces output similar to the following:
//
//NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
//(Default): 5280
//TestLong: 12345678901234
//TestArray(0): One
//TestArray(1): Two
//TestArray(2): Three
//TestExpand: My path: %path%
//TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
//
//Use the registry editor to examine the key.
//Press the Enter key to delete the key.

Imports Microsoft.Win32

Public Class Example
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' The name of the key must include a valid root.
        Const userRoot As String = "HKEY_CURRENT_USER"
        Const subkey As String = "RegistrySetValueExample"
        Const keyName As String = userRoot & "\" & subkey

        ' Integer values can be stored without specifying the
        ' registry data type, but Long values will be stored
        ' as strings unless you specify the type. Note that
        ' the integer is stored in the default name/value
        ' pair.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "", 5280)
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestLong", 12345678901234, _
            RegistryValueKind.QWord)

        ' Strings with expandable environment variables are
        ' stored as ordinary strings unless you specify the
        ' data type.
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand", "My path: %path%")
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestExpand2", "My path: %path%", _
            RegistryValueKind.ExpandString)

        ' Arrays of strings are stored automatically as 
        ' MultiString. Similarly, arrays of Byte are stored
        ' automatically as Binary.
        Dim strings() As String = {"One", "Two", "Three"}
        Registry.SetValue(keyName, "TestArray", strings)

        ' Your default value is returned if the name/value pair
        ' does not exist.
        Dim noSuch As String = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "NoSuchName", _
            "Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & "NoSuchName: {0}", noSuch)

        ' Retrieve the Integer and Long values, specifying 
        ' numeric default values in case the name/value pairs
        ' do not exist. The Integer value is retrieved from the
        ' default (nameless) name/value pair for the key.
        Dim tInteger As Integer = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "", -1)
        Console.WriteLine("(Default): {0}", tInteger)
        Dim tLong As Long = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestLong", Long.MinValue)
        Console.WriteLine("TestLong: {0}", tLong)

        ' When retrieving a MultiString value, you can specify
        ' an array for the default return value. The value is
        ' declared inline, but could also be declared as:
        ' Dim default() As String = {"Default value."}
        '
        Dim tArray() As String = _
            Registry.GetValue(keyName, "TestArray", _
            New String() {"Default if TestArray does not exist."})
        For i As Integer = 0 To tArray.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("TestArray({0}): {1}", i, tArray(i))
        Next

        ' A string with embedded environment variables is not
        ' expanded if it was stored as an ordinary string.
        Dim tExpand As String = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestExpand", "Default if TestExpand does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand: {0}", tExpand)

        ' A string stored as ExpandString is expanded.
        Dim tExpand2 As String = Registry.GetValue(keyName, _
             "TestExpand2", "Default if TestExpand2 does not exist.")
        Console.WriteLine("TestExpand2: {0}...", _
            tExpand2.Substring(0, 40))

        Console.WriteLine(vbCrLf & _
            "Use the registry editor to examine the key.")
        Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to delete the key.")
        Console.ReadLine()
        Registry.CurrentUser.DeleteSubKey(subkey)
    End Sub
End Class
'
' This code example produces output similar to the following:
'
'NoSuchName: Return this default if NoSuchName does not exist.
'(Default): 5280
'TestLong: 12345678901234
'TestArray(0): One
'TestArray(1): Two
'TestArray(2): Three
'TestExpand: My path: %path%
'TestExpand2: My path: D:\Program Files\Microsoft.NET\...
'
'Use the registry editor to examine the key.
'Press the Enter key to delete the key.

備註

這個類別提供在執行 Windows 的電腦上登錄中找到的標準根機碼集合。登錄是一種儲存體設備，適用于應用程式、使用者和預設系統設定的相關資訊。例如，應用程式可以使用登錄來儲存在關閉應用程式之後需要保留的資訊，並在重載應用程式時存取相同的資訊。例如，您可以儲存色彩喜好設定、螢幕位置或視窗的大小。您可以將資訊儲存在登錄的不同位置，以控制每個使用者的資料。

類別所 Registry 公開的基底或根 RegistryKey 實例會描述登錄中子機碼和值的基本儲存機制。所有機碼都是唯讀的，因為登錄取決於其存在。所 Registry 公開的金鑰包括：

CurrentUser 儲存使用者喜好設定的相關資訊。

LocalMachine 儲存本機電腦的組態資訊。

ClassesRoot 儲存類型 (和類別的相關資訊，) 及其屬性。

Users 儲存預設使用者設定的相關資訊。

PerformanceData 儲存軟體元件的效能資訊。

CurrentConfig 儲存非使用者特定的硬體資訊。

DynData 儲存動態資料。

一旦您識別出想要從登錄中儲存/擷取資訊的根機碼之後，您可以使用 RegistryKey 類別來新增或移除子機碼，以及操作指定機碼的值。

硬體裝置可以使用隨插即用介面自動在登錄中放置資訊。安裝設備磁碟機的軟體可以寫入標準 API，將資訊放在登錄中。

取得和設定值的靜態方法

類別 Registry 也包含 staticGetValue 和 SetValue 方法，可從登錄機碼設定和擷取值。這些方法會在每次使用時開啟和關閉登錄機碼，因此當您存取大量值時，它們不會在類別中 RegistryKey 執行和類似的方法。

類別 RegistryKey 也提供方法，可讓您設定登錄機碼的 Windows 存取控制安全性、在擷取值之前測試值的資料類型，以及刪除機碼。

欄位

ClassesRoot	定義文件的型別 (或類別) 以及與型別相關聯的屬性。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT。
CurrentConfig	包含非針對特定使用者的硬體相關組態資訊。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG。
CurrentUser	包含有關目前使用者喜好設定的資訊。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄基底機碼 HKEY_CURRENT_USER。
DynData	已過時。已過時。包含動態登錄資料。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_DYN_DATA。
LocalMachine	包含本機電腦的組態資料。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE。
PerformanceData	包含軟體元件的效能資訊。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA。
Users	包含有關預設使用者組態的資訊。這個欄位會讀取 Windows 登錄主要機碼 HKEY_USERS。

方法

GetValue(String, String, Object)	在指定的登錄機碼中，擷取與所指定名稱關聯的值。如果在指定的機碼中找不到該名稱，則會傳回提供的預設值；如果指定的機碼不存在，則傳回 `null`。
SetValue(String, String, Object)	在指定的登錄機碼上設定指定的名稱/值組。如果指定的機碼不存在，則會建立它。
SetValue(String, String, Object, RegistryValueKind)	使用指定的登錄資料型別，在指定的登錄機碼上設定名稱/值組。如果指定的機碼不存在，則會建立它。

適用於

Registry 類別

定義

範例

備註

取得和設定值的靜態方法

欄位

方法

適用於

另請參閱

意見反應

意見反應

其他資源