排序序列中的元素

使用OrderBy運算子根據一或多個鍵值來排序序列。

備註

LINQ to SQL 的設計訴求是支援依簡單基本類型排序，例如 string、 int等。 它不支持複雜多重值類別的排序，例如匿名型別。 它也不支持 byte 數據類型。

範例 1

下列範例會根據僱用日期排序 Employees。

IOrderedQueryable<Employee> hireQuery =
    from emp in db.Employees
    orderby emp.HireDate
    select emp;

foreach (Employee empObj in hireQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine("EmpID = {0}, Date Hired = {1}",
        empObj.EmployeeID, empObj.HireDate);
}

Dim hireQuery = _
    From emp In db.Employees _
    Select emp _
    Order By emp.HireDate

For Each empObj As Employee In hireQuery
    Console.WriteLine("EmpID = {0}, Date Hired = {1}", _
        empObj.EmployeeID, empObj.HireDate)
Next

範例 2

下列範例會使用 where 來排序以貨運方式出貨到 Orders 的 London。

IOrderedQueryable<Order> freightQuery =
    from ord in db.Orders
    where ord.ShipCity == "London"
    orderby ord.Freight
    select ord;

foreach (Order ordObj in freightQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Order ID = {0}, Freight = {1}",
        ordObj.OrderID, ordObj.Freight);
}

Dim freightQuery = _
    From ord In db.Orders _
    Where ord.ShipCity = "London" _
    Select ord _
    Order By ord.Freight

For Each ordObj In freightQuery
    Console.WriteLine("Order ID = {0}, Freight = {1}", _
        ordObj.OrderID, ordObj.Freight)
Next

範例 3

下列範例會 Products 依單價從最高到最低排序。

IOrderedQueryable<Product> priceQuery =
    from prod in db.Products
    orderby prod.UnitPrice descending
    select prod;

foreach (Product prodObj in priceQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Product ID = {0}, Unit Price = {1}",
        prodObj.ProductID, prodObj.UnitPrice);
}

Dim priceQuery = _
    From prod In db.Products _
    Select prod _
    Order By prod.UnitPrice Descending

For Each prodObj In priceQuery
    Console.WriteLine("Product ID = {0}, Unit Price = {1}", _
       prodObj.ProductID, prodObj.UnitPrice)
Next

範例 4

下列範例會使用複合 OrderBy 來依城市排序，然後依聯繫人名稱排序 Customers 。

IOrderedQueryable<Customer> custQuery =
    from cust in db.Customers
    orderby cust.City, cust.ContactName
    select cust;

foreach (Customer custObj in custQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine("City = {0}, Name = {1}", custObj.City,
        custObj.ContactName);
}

Dim custQuery = _
    From cust In db.Customers _
    Select cust _
    Order By cust.City, cust.ContactName

For Each custObj In custQuery
    Console.WriteLine("City = {0}, Name = {1}", custObj.City, _
        custObj.ContactName)
Next

範例 5

下列範例會先依EmployeeID 1排序ShipCountry的Orders，然後依運費由高至低排序。

IOrderedQueryable<Order> ordQuery =
    from ord in db.Orders
    where ord.EmployeeID == 1
    orderby ord.ShipCountry, ord.Freight descending
    select ord;

foreach (Order ordObj in ordQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Country = {0}, Freight = {1}",
        ordObj.ShipCountry, ordObj.Freight);
}

Dim ordQuery = _
    From ord In db.Orders _
    Where CInt(ord.EmployeeID.Value) = 1 _
    Select ord _
    Order By ord.ShipCountry, ord.Freight Descending

For Each ordObj In ordQuery
    Console.WriteLine("Country = {0}, Freight = {1}", _
        ordObj.ShipCountry, ordObj.Freight)
Next

範例 6

下列範例會結合OrderBy、Max和GroupBy運算子，找到每個類別中單價最高的Products，然後依類別識別碼對群組進行排序。

var highPriceQuery =
    from prod in db.Products
    group prod by prod.CategoryID into grouping
    orderby grouping.Key
    select new
    {
        grouping.Key,
        MostExpensiveProducts =
            from prod2 in grouping
            where prod2.UnitPrice == grouping.Max(p3 => p3.UnitPrice)
            select prod2
    };

foreach (var prodObj in highPriceQuery)
{
    Console.WriteLine(prodObj.Key);
    foreach (var listing in prodObj.MostExpensiveProducts)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(listing.ProductName);
    }
}

Dim highPriceQuery = From prod In db.Products _
                     Group prod By prod.CategoryID Into grouping = Group _
                     Order By CategoryID _
                     Select CategoryID, _
                     MostExpensiveProducts = _
                         From prod2 In grouping _
                         Where prod2.UnitPrice = _
                         grouping.Max(Function(p3) p3.UnitPrice)

For Each prodObj In highPriceQuery
    Console.WriteLine(prodObj.CategoryID)
    For Each listing In prodObj.MostExpensiveProducts
        Console.WriteLine(listing.ProductName)
    Next
Next

如果您針對 Northwind 範例資料庫執行先前的查詢，結果會類似下列內容：

1

Côte de Blaye

2

Vegie-spread

3

Sir Rodney's Marmalade

4

Raclette Courdavault

5

Gnocchi di nonna Alice

6

Thüringer Rostbratwurst

7

Manjimup Dried Apples

8

Carnarvon Tigers

另請參閱

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