<string>

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03/28/2013

定義容器樣板類別 basic_string 和各種支援的樣板。

如需 basic_string 的詳細資訊，請參閱basic_string Class。

namespace std {
    template<class CharType>
        class char_traits;
    template<>
        class char_traits<char>;
    template<>
        class char_traits<wchar_t>;
    template<>
        class char_traits<char16_t>; 
    template<>
        class char_traits<char32_t>;

    template<
        class CharType,
        class Traits = char_traits<CharType>,
        class Allocator = allocator<CharType> 
    > class basic_string;

    typedef basic_string<char> string;
    typedef basic_string<wchar_t> wstring;
    typedef basic_string<char16_t> u16string;
    typedef basic_string<char32_t> u32string;

        // NARROW FUNCTIONS
    int stoi (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    long stol (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    unsigned long stoul (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    long long stoll (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    unsigned long long stoull (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    float stof (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    );
    double stod (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    );
    long double stold (
        const string& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    );

    string to_string (long long _Val); 
    string to_string (unsigned long long _Val); 
    string to_string (long double _Val);

        // WIDE FUNCTIONS
    int stoi (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    long stol (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    unsigned long stoul (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    long long stoll (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    );
    unsigned long long stoull (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0,
        int _Base = 10
    ); 
    float stof (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    ); 
    double stod (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    );
    long double stold (
        const wstring& _Str, 
        size_t *_Idx = 0
    );
    wstring to_wstring (long long _Val); 
    wstring to_wstring (unsigned long long _Val); 
    wstring to_wstring (long double _Val);

       // TEMPLATE FUNCTIONS
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator> operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator> operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator> operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            CharType _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator> operator+ (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator> operator+ (
            CharType _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );

    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator> 
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Left,
            CharType _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& operator+ (
            CharType _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>&& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator== (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator== (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator== (
            const CharType *_Left, 
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator!= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator!= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator!= (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator< (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator< (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator< (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator>= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator>= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator>= (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator> (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator> (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator> (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator<= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator<= (
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            const CharType *_Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        bool operator<= (
            const CharType *_Left,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        void swap (
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Left,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Right
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_ostream<CharType>& operator<< (
            basic_ostream<CharType>& _OStream,
            const basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_istream<CharType>& operator>> (
            basic_istream<CharType>& _IStream,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str
        );
    template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& getline (
            basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& _IStream,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str
        );
     template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& getline (
            basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& _IStream,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str,
            CharType _Delimiter
        );
     template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& getline (
            basic_istream<CharType, Traits>&& _IStream,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str
        ); 
     template<class CharType, class Traits, class Allocator>
        basic_istream<CharType, Traits>& getline (
            basic_istream<CharType, Traits>&& _IStream,
            basic_string<CharType, Traits, Allocator>& _Str,
            CharType _Delimiter
        );
}  // namespace std

參數

CharType
描述字元資料型別的樣板參數。
特性
描述 CharType 字元資料之所有屬性的樣板參數。
配置器
描述的記憶體配置器物件中的樣板參數。
_Str
支援 CharType 字元資料的 basic_string 。
_Val
要轉換的值。
_Idx
第一個未轉換字元的索引值。
_Base
使用中的基底。
_IStream
支援 CharType 字元資料的輸入資料流。
_OStream
支援 CharType 字元資料的輸出資料流。
_Delimiter
行分隔符號。
_Left
第一個 (保留) 比較參數， basic_string 或字元資料。
_Right
第二個 (右側) 比較參數， basic_string 或字元資料。

備註

C++ 語言和 Standard C++ 程式庫支援字串型別有兩種:

通常稱為 C 字串是以 Null 結尾的字元陣列。
樣板類別物件，型別 basic_string，處理所有 char類似的樣板引數。

Typedef

string	描述 basic_string 類別樣板特製化的型別 char 項目做為 string的型別。
wstring	描述 basic_string 類別樣板特製化的型別 wchar_t 項目做為 wstring的型別。
u16string	描述 basic_string 樣板類別的特製化的型別會根據型別 char16_t的項目。
u32string	描述 basic_string 樣板類別的特製化的型別會根據型別 char32_t的項目。

運算子

operator+	串連兩個字串物件。
運算子! =	測試，如果左側的字串物件等於右邊的字串物件不相等。
運算子==	測試，如果左側的字串物件等於右邊的字串物件。
operator<	測試，如果左側的字串物件小於至右邊的字串物件。
operator<=	測試，如果左側的字串物件小於或等於右邊的字串物件。
operator<<	字串插入輸出資料流的樣板函式。
operator>	測試，如果左側的字串物件大於至右邊的字串物件。
operator>=	測試，如果左側的字串物件大於或等於右邊的字串物件。
operator>>	擷取輸入資料流的字串之樣板函式。

特製化函式樣板

交換	交換兩個字串的字元陣列。
stod	將字元序列轉換成 double.
stof	將字元序列轉換成 float。
stoi	將字元序列轉換成整數。
stold	將字元序列轉換成 long double。
stoll	將字元序列轉換成 long long。
stoul	將字元序列轉換成 unsigned long。
stoull	將字元序列轉換成 unsigned long long。
to_string	將值轉換為 string。
to_wstring	將值轉換為 string寬度。

功能

getline

從逐行輸入資料流中擷取字串。

類別

basic_string Class	描述物件可以儲存任意字元類似的物件序列的樣板類別。
char_traits Struct	描述屬性與型別 CharType 字元的樣板類別

特製化

char_traits<char> Struct	範本是結構 char_traits<CharType> 特製化的型別 char項目的結構。
char_traits<wchar_t> Struct	範本是結構 char_traits<CharType> 特製化的型別 wchar_t項目的結構。
char_traits<char16_t> Struct	範本是結構 char_traits<CharType> 特製化的型別 char16_t項目的結構。
char_traits<char32_t> Struct	範本是結構 char_traits<CharType> 特製化的型別 char32_t項目的結構。

需求

標題: <string>
命名空間: std

請參閱

參考

在標準 C++ 程式庫中的執行緒安全

其他資源

標頭檔

共用方式為

<string>

參數

備註

Typedef

運算子

特製化函式樣板

功能

類別

特製化

需求

請參閱

參考

其他資源

其他資源