建立、改變和移除索引

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06/18/2013

在 SQL Server 管理物件 (SMO) 階層中，索引是由 Index 物件表示。索引資料行是由 IndexedColumns 屬性表示的 IndexedColumn 物件集合來表示。

您可以指定 Index 物件的 IsXmlIndex 屬性，以在 XML 資料行上建立索引。

範例

如果要使用所提供的任何程式碼範例，您必須選擇建立應用程式用的程式設計環境、程式設計範本，及程式設計語言。如需詳細資訊，請參閱＜在 Visual Studio .NET 中建立 Visual Basic SMO 專案＞或＜在 Visual Studio .NET 中建立 Visual C# SMO 專案＞。

在 Visual Basic 中建立非叢集的複合索引

此程式碼範例示範如何建立非叢集的複合索引。如果是複合索引，請在索引中加入一個以上的資料行。如果是非叢集索引，請將 IsClustered 屬性設為 False。

' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll

Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo
Public Class A
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
        Dim srv As Server
        srv = New Server()

        ' Reference the AdventureWorks2012 database. 
        Dim db As Database
        db = srv.Databases("AdventureWorks2012")

        ' Declare a Table object and reference the HumanResources table. 
        Dim tb As Table
        tb = db.Tables("Employee", "HumanResources")

        ' Define an Index object variable by providing the parent table and index name in the constructor. 
        Dim idx As Index
        idx = New Index(tb, "TestIndex")

        ' Add indexed columns to the index. 
        Dim icol1 As IndexedColumn
        icol1 = New IndexedColumn(idx, "BusinessEntityID", True)
        idx.IndexedColumns.Add(icol1)
        Dim icol2 As IndexedColumn
        icol2 = New IndexedColumn(idx, "HireDate", True)
        idx.IndexedColumns.Add(icol2)

        ' Set the index properties. 
        idx.IndexKeyType = IndexKeyType.DriUniqueKey
        idx.IsClustered = False
        idx.FillFactor = 50

        ' Create the index on the instance of SQL Server. 
        idx.Create()

        ' Modify the page locks property. 
        idx.DisallowPageLocks = True

        ' Run the Alter method to make the change on the instance of SQL Server. 
        idx.Alter()

        ' Remove the index from the table. 
        idx.Drop()
    End Sub
End Class

在 Visual C# 中建立非叢集的複合索引

// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll

using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;

public class A {
   public static void Main() {
      // Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
      Server srv;
      srv = new Server();

      // Reference the AdventureWorks2012 database. 
      Database db;
      db = srv.Databases["AdventureWorks2012"];

      // Declare a Table object and reference the HumanResources table. 
      Table tb;
      tb = db.Tables["Employee", "HumanResources"];

      // Define an Index object variable by providing the parent table and index name in the constructor. 
      Index idx;
      idx = new Index(tb, "TestIndex");

      // Add indexed columns to the index. 
      IndexedColumn icol1;
      icol1 = new IndexedColumn(idx, "BusinessEntityID", true);
      idx.IndexedColumns.Add(icol1);
      IndexedColumn icol2;
      icol2 = new IndexedColumn(idx, "HireDate", true);
      idx.IndexedColumns.Add(icol2);

      // Set the index properties. 
      idx.IndexKeyType = IndexKeyType.DriUniqueKey;
      idx.IsClustered = false;
      idx.FillFactor = 50;

      // Create the index on the instance of SQL Server. 
      idx.Create();

      // Modify the page locks property. 
      idx.DisallowPageLocks = true;

      // Run the Alter method to make the change on the instance of SQL Server. 
      idx.Alter();

      // Remove the index from the table. 
      idx.Drop();
   }
}

在 PowerShell 中建立非叢集的複合索引

# Set the path context to the local, default instance of SQL Server and to the
#database tables in Adventureworks2012
CD \sql\localhost\default\databases\AdventureWorks2012\Tables\

#Get a reference to the table
$tb = get-item HumanResources.Employee

#Define an Index object variable by providing the parent table and index name in the constructor. 
$idx = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Index -argumentlist $tb, "TestIndex"

#Add indexed columns to the index. 
$icol1 = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexedColumn `
-argumentlist $idx, "BusinessEntityId", $true
$idx.IndexedColumns.Add($icol1)

$icol2 = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexedColumn `
-argumentlist $idx, "HireDate", $true
$idx.IndexedColumns.Add($icol2)

#Set the index properties. 
$idx.IndexKeyType = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexKeyType]::DriUniqueKey 
$idx.IsClustered = $false
$idx.FillFactor = 50

#Create the index on the instance of SQL Server. 
$idx.Create()

#Modify the page locks property. 
$idx.DisallowPageLocks = $true

#Run the Alter method to make the change on the instance of SQL Server. 
$idx.Alter()

#Remove the index from the table. 
$idx.Drop();

在 Visual Basic 中建立 XML 索引

此程式碼範例示範如何在 XML 資料類型上建立 XML 索引。該 XML 資料類型是稱為 MySampleCollection 的 XML 結構描述集合，是在使用 XML 結構描述中建立。 XML 索引具有某些限制，其中一項是必須在已具備叢集化主要金鑰的資料表上建立。

' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll
' /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll

Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo

Public Class A
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
        Dim srv As Server
        srv = New Server()
        Dim db1 As Database = srv.Databases("TESTDB")
        ' Define a Table object variable and add an XML type column. 
        Dim tb As New Table(db1, "XmlTable3")

        Dim mySample As New XmlSchemaCollection(db1, "Sample4", "dbo")
        mySample.Text = "<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" targetNamespace=""NS2""> <xsd:element name=""elem1"" type=""xsd:integer""/></xsd:schema>"
        mySample.Create()

        Dim col11 As Column

        ' This sample requires that an XML schema type called MySampleCollection exists on the database. 
        col11 = New Column(tb, "XMLValue", DataType.Xml("Sample4"))

        ' Add another integer column that can be made into a unique, primary key. 
        tb.Columns.Add(col11)
        Dim col21 As Column
        col21 = New Column(tb, "Number", DataType.Int)
        col21.Nullable = False
        tb.Columns.Add(col21)

        ' Create the table of the instance of SQL Server. 
        tb.Create()

        ' Create a unique, clustered, primary key index on the integer column. This is required for an XML index. 
        Dim cp As Index
        cp = New Index(tb, "clusprimindex3")
        cp.IsClustered = True
        cp.IndexKeyType = IndexKeyType.DriPrimaryKey
        Dim cpcol As IndexedColumn
        cpcol = New IndexedColumn(cp, "Number", True)
        cp.IndexedColumns.Add(cpcol)
        cp.Create()

        ' Define and XML Index object variable by supplying the parent table and the XML index name arguments in the constructor. 
        Dim i As Index
        i = New Index(tb, "xmlindex")
        Dim ic As IndexedColumn
        ic = New IndexedColumn(i, "XMLValue", True)
        i.IndexedColumns.Add(ic)

        ' Create the XML index on the instance of SQL Server. 
        i.Create()
    End Sub
End Class

在 Visual C# 中建立 XML 索引

// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum.dll
// /r:Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.dll

using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;

public class A {
   public static void Main() {
      // Connect to the local, default instance of SQL Server. 
      Server srv;
      srv = new Server();
      Database db1 = srv.Databases["TESTDB"];
      // Define a Table object variable and add an XML type column. 
      Table tb = new Table(db1, "XmlTable3");

      XmlSchemaCollection mySample = new XmlSchemaCollection(db1, "Sample4", "dbo");
      mySample.Text = "<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" targetNamespace=\"NS2\"> <xsd:element name=\"elem1\" type=\"xsd:integer\"/></xsd:schema>";
      mySample.Create();

      Column col11;

      // This sample requires that an XML schema type called MySampleCollection exists on the database. 
      col11 = new Column(tb, "XMLValue", DataType.Xml("Sample4"));

      // Add another integer column that can be made into a unique, primary key. 
      tb.Columns.Add(col11);
      Column col21;
      col21 = new Column(tb, "Number", DataType.Int);
      col21.Nullable = false;
      tb.Columns.Add(col21);

      // Create the table of the instance of SQL Server. 
      tb.Create();

      // Create a unique, clustered, primary key index on the integer column. This is required for an XML index. 
      Index cp;
      cp = new Index(tb, "clusprimindex3");
      cp.IsClustered = true;
      cp.IndexKeyType = IndexKeyType.DriPrimaryKey;
      IndexedColumn cpcol;
      cpcol = new IndexedColumn(cp, "Number", true);
      cp.IndexedColumns.Add(cpcol);
      cp.Create();

      // Define and XML Index object variable by supplying the parent table and the XML index name arguments in the constructor. 
      Index i;
      i = new Index(tb, "xmlindex");
      IndexedColumn ic;
      ic = new IndexedColumn(i, "XMLValue", true);
      i.IndexedColumns.Add(ic);

      // Create the XML index on the instance of SQL Server. 
      i.Create();
   }
}

在 PowerShell 中建立 XML 索引

# Set the path context to the local, default instance of SQL Server and get a reference to adventureworks2012
CD \sql\localhost\default\databases
$db = get-item Adventureworks2012

#Define a Table object variable and add an XML type column. 
#This sample requires that an XML schema type called MySampleCollection exists on the database. 
#See sample on Creating an XML schema to do this
$tb = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Table -argumentlist $db, "XmlTable"
$Type = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.DataType]::Xml("MySampleCollection")
$col1 =  New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Column -argumentlist $tb,"XMLValue", $Type
$tb.Columns.Add($col1)

#Add another integer column that can be made into a unique, primary key. 
$Type = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.DataType]::Int
$col2 =  New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Column -argumentlist $tb,"Number", $Type
$col2.Nullable = $false
$tb.Columns.Add($col2)
          
#Create the table of the instance of SQL Server. 
$tb.Create()

#Create a unique, clustered, primary key index on the integer column. This is required for an XML index. 
#Define an Index object variable by providing the parent table and index name in the constructor. 
$cp = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Index -argumentlist $tb, "clusprimindex"        
$cp.IsClustered = $true;
$cp.IndexKeyType = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexKeyType]::DriPrimaryKey;

#Create and add an indexed column to the index. 
$cpcol = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexedColumn `
-argumentlist $cp, "Number", $true
$cp.IndexedColumns.Add($cpcol)
$cp.Create()

#Define and XML Index object variable by supplying the parent table and
# the XML index name arguments in the constructor. 
$i = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.Index -argumentlist $tb, "xmlindex" 

#Create and add an indexed column to the index. 
$ic = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SMO.IndexedColumn `
-argumentlist $i, "XMLValue", $true  
$i.IndexedColumns.Add($ic)

#Create the XML index on the instance of SQL Server
$i.Create()

請參閱

參考

Index

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