使用 XmlSchemaSet 進行驗證
更新: November 2007
XmlSchemaSet 是可儲存 XML 結構描述定義語言 (XSD) 結構描述的快取或程式庫。XmlSchemaSet 會藉由在記憶體中快取結構描述,而不是從檔案或 URL 來存取它們,來增加效能。XmlSchemaSet 中的每個結構描述,都是透過將該結構描述加入至 XmlSchemaSet 時指定的結構描述位置及命名空間 URI 來識別的。Schemas 屬性會指派要使用的 XmlSchemaSet 物件。
範例
下列範例會使用儲存在 XmlSchemaSet 中的結構描述,來驗證 XML 檔案。XML 檔案中的命名空間 (urn:bookstore-schema),會識別 XmlSchemaSet 中用於驗證的結構描述。
Imports System
Imports System.Xml
Imports System.Xml.Schema
Imports System.IO
public class Sample
public shared sub Main()
' Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
Dim sc as XmlSchemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet()
' Add the schema to the collection.
sc.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd")
' Set the validation settings.
Dim settings as XmlReaderSettings = new XmlReaderSettings()
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema
settings.Schemas = sc
AddHandler settings.ValidationEventHandler, AddressOf ValidationCallBack
' Create the XmlReader object.
Dim reader as XmlReader = XmlReader.Create("booksSchemaFail.xml", settings)
' Parse the file.
while reader.Read()
end while
end sub
' Display any validation errors.
private shared sub ValidationCallBack(sender as object, e as ValidationEventArgs)
Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message)
end sub
end class
using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.IO;
public class Sample {
public static void Main() {
// Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
XmlSchemaSet sc = new XmlSchemaSet();
// Add the schema to the collection.
sc.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd");
// Set the validation settings.
XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.Schemas = sc;
settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler (ValidationCallBack);
// Create the XmlReader object.
XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("booksSchemaFail.xml", settings);
// Parse the file.
while (reader.Read());
}
// Display any validation errors.
private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e) {
Console.WriteLine("Validation Error: {0}", e.Message);
}
}
#using <System.Xml.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Xml;
using namespace System::Xml::Schema;
using namespace System::IO;
// Display any validation errors.
static void ValidationCallBack( Object^ /*sender*/, ValidationEventArgs^ e )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Validation Error: {0}", e->Message );
}
int main()
{
// Create the XmlSchemaSet class.
XmlSchemaSet^ sc = gcnew XmlSchemaSet;
// Add the schema to the collection.
sc->Add( L"urn:bookstore-schema", L"books.xsd" );
// Set the validation settings.
XmlReaderSettings^ settings = gcnew XmlReaderSettings;
settings->ValidationType = ValidationType::Schema;
settings->Schemas = sc;
settings->ValidationEventHandler += gcnew ValidationEventHandler( ValidationCallBack );
// Create the XmlReader object.
XmlReader^ reader = XmlReader::Create( L"booksSchemaFail.xml", settings );
// Parse the file.
while ( reader->Read() )
;
return 1;
}
輸入
範例會使用下列兩個輸入檔案。
booksSchemaFail.xml
<?xml version='1.0'?>
<bookstore xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema">
<book>
<author>
<first-name>Benjamin</first-name>
<last-name>Franklin</last-name>
</author>
</book>
<book genre="novel">
<title>The Confidence Man</title>
<author>
<first-name>Herman</first-name>
<last-name>Melville</last-name>
</author>
<price>11.99</price>
</book>
<book genre="philosophy">
<title>The Gorgias</title>
<author>
<name>Plato</name>
</author>
<price>9.99</price>
</book>
</bookstore>
books.xsd
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
targetNamespace="urn:bookstore-schema">
<xsd:element name="bookstore" type="bookstoreType"/>
<xsd:complexType name="bookstoreType">
<xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
<xsd:element name="book" type="bookType"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="bookType">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="author" type="authorName"/>
<xsd:element name="price" type="xsd:decimal"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="genre" type="xsd:string"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="authorName">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
<xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>
輸出
驗證錯誤:命名空間 urn:bookstore-schema 中的項目 book 在 urn:bookstore-schema 命名空間中具有無效的項目子系 author。命名空間 urn:bookstore-schema 中預期的是 title。
驗證錯誤:命名空間 urn:bookstore-schema 中的項目 author 在 urn:bookstore-schema 命名空間中具有無效的項目子系 name。命名空間 urn:bookstore-schema 中預期的是 first-name。