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HOW TO:處理 Automation 事件 (Visual C#)

更新:2007 年 11 月

在下列程序中,會示範如何使用 Visual C# 增益集 (Add-In) 處理與視窗相關的事件。

注意事項:

根據目前使用的設定與版本,您所看到的對話方塊與功能表命令可能會與 [說明] 中所描述的不同。使用 [一般開發設定] 開發了這些程序。若要變更設定,請從 [工具] 功能表中選擇 [匯入和匯出設定]。如需詳細資訊,請參閱 Visual Studio 設定

若要使用 Visual C# 處理與視窗相關的事件

  1. 使用 Visual C# 建立 Visual Studio 增益集專案。

  2. OnConnection 方法中,初始化變數以攔截事件。在下面的範例中,這個變數的名稱為 events。

    EnvDTE.Events events = _applicationObject.Events;
    
  3. OnConnection 方法中,從 Automation 模型中擷取事件物件 (Event Object)。

    winEvents = (EnvDTE.WindowEvents)events.get_WindowEvents(null);
    

    在這個範例中,變數的名稱為 winEvents。Automation 模型中的其他物件則是與其他類型的事件相關。例如,FindEvents 適用於與尋找作業相關的事件,而 TaskListEvents 則適用於與 [工作清單] 相關的事件。如需可使用之事件的完整清單,請參閱回應 Automation 事件

  4. OnConnection 方法中,使用 += 運算子連接至由步驟 3 中所擷取之事件物件公開 (Expose) 的各個委派 (Delegate)。例如,若要連接由 WindowClosing 事件公開的委派,請使用下列程式碼:

    winEvents.WindowClosing += new  
    _dispWindowEvents_WindowClosingEventHandler(this.WindowClosing);
    
  5. 為事件物件的每個相關事件加入程序。例如,若要處理在視窗關閉時發生的事件 (WindowClosing),請使用下列程式碼:

    public void WindowClosing(EnvDTE.Window closingWindow)
    {
        outputWindowPane.OutputString ("WindowEvents::WindowClosing\n");
        outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow: " + 
        closingWindow.Caption + "\n");
    }
    

    WindowEvents 物件為例,您必須要有其所有事件的程序,即:

  6. 最後,為了不讓 Visual Studio 在您關閉增益集之後繼續監視與視窗相關的事件而減慢系統速度,請停用事件處理功能。在 Visual C# 中,停用事件處理功能的方式是使用 -= 運算子。例如,若要停用 WindowClosing 的事件處理功能,請使用下列程式碼:

    public void OnDisconnection(ext_DisconnectMode disconnectMode, 
    ref Array custom)
    {
        if (winEvents != null)
        {
            winEvents.WindowClosing -= new 
            _dispWindowEvents_WindowClosingEventHandler     
            (this.WindowClosing);
        }
    }
    

    這麼做的話,不論是關閉增益集,或是當增益集仍在執行時關閉 IDE,都會關閉事件處理功能。當 IDE 關閉時,所有執行中的增益集會先自動關閉。

範例

下列是基本 Visual C# 增益集的範例,在此範例中會示範如何在 Visual Studio 中攔截及處理與視窗相關的事件。每當發生與視窗相關的事件時,就會傳送通知訊息至 [輸出] 視窗。

namespace CSEventsAddin
{
    using System;
    using Microsoft.VisualStudio.CommandBars;
    using Extensibility;
    using EnvDTE;
    using EnvDTE80;

    public class Connect : Object, IDTExtensibility2
    {
        public Connect()
        {
        }

        public void OnConnection(object application, ext_ConnectMode 
        connectMode, object addInInst, ref Array custom)
        {
            _applicationObject = (DTE2)application;
            _addInInstance = (AddIn)addInInst;

            // Retrieve the event objects from the automation model.
            EnvDTE.Events events = _applicationObject.Events;
            // Send event messages to the Output window.
            OutputWindow outputWindow = 
            (OutputWindow)_applicationObject.Windows.Item
            (Constants.vsWindowKindOutput).Object;
            outputWindowPane = outputWindow.OutputWindowPanes.Add("DTE 
Event Information");
            // Retrieve the event objects from the automation model.
            winEvents = 
            (EnvDTE.WindowEvents)events.get_WindowEvents(null);

            // Connect to each delegate exposed from each object 
            // retrieved above.
            winEvents.WindowActivated += new 
            _dispWindowEvents_WindowActivatedEventHandler
            (this.WindowActivated);
            winEvents.WindowClosing += new  
            _dispWindowEvents_WindowClosingEventHandler
            (this.WindowClosing);
            winEvents.WindowCreated += new  
            _dispWindowEvents_WindowCreatedEventHandler
            (this.WindowCreated);
            winEvents.WindowMoved += new 
            _dispWindowEvents_WindowMovedEventHandler
            (this.WindowMoved);
        }

        public void OnDisconnection(ext_DisconnectMode disconnectMode, 
        ref Array custom)
        {
            // If the delegate handlers have been connected, then 
            // disconnect them here. 
            // If this is not done, the handlers may still 
            // fire until the next garbage collection event.
            if (winEvents != null)
            {
                winEvents.WindowActivated -= new 
                _dispWindowEvents_WindowActivatedEventHandler
                (this.WindowActivated);
                winEvents.WindowClosing -= new 
                _dispWindowEvents_WindowClosingEventHandler
                (this.WindowClosing);
                winEvents.WindowCreated -= new 
                _dispWindowEvents_WindowCreatedEventHandler
                (this.WindowCreated);
                winEvents.WindowMoved -= new 
                _dispWindowEvents_WindowMovedEventHandler
                (this.WindowMoved);
            }
        }

        // Window-related events.
        public void WindowClosing(EnvDTE.Window closingWindow)
        {
            outputWindowPane.OutputString
("WindowEvents::WindowClosing\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow: " + 
closingWindow.Caption + "\n");
        }

        public void WindowActivated(EnvDTE.Window gotFocus,   
        EnvDTE.Window lostFocus)
        {
            outputWindowPane.OutputString
("WindowEvents::WindowActivated\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow receiving focus: " 
+ gotFocus.Caption + "\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow that lost focus: " 
+ lostFocus.Caption + "\n");
        }

        public void WindowCreated(EnvDTE.Window window)
        {
            outputWindowPane.OutputString
            ("WindowEvents::WindowCreated\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow: " + window.Caption 
+ "\n");
        }

        public void WindowMoved(EnvDTE.Window window, int top, int 
        left, int width, int height)
        {
            outputWindowPane.OutputString
            ("WindowEvents::WindowMoved\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tWindow: " + window.Caption 
+ "\n");
            outputWindowPane.OutputString("\tLocation: (" + 
top.ToString() + " , " + left.ToString() + " , " + 
width.ToString() + " , " + height.ToString() + ")\n");
        }

        public void OnAddInsUpdate(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnStartupComplete(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        public void OnBeginShutdown(ref Array custom)
        {
        }

        private DTE2 _applicationObject;
        private AddIn _addInInstance;
        private EnvDTE.WindowEvents winEvents;
        private OutputWindowPane outputWindowPane;
    }
}

編譯程式碼

若要編譯這個程式碼,請建立新的 Visual C# 增益集專案,並以範例中的程式碼取代 Connect 類別的程式碼。

請參閱

工作

HOW TO:處理 Automation 事件 (Visual Basic)

參考

+= 運算子 (C# 參考)

其他資源

回應 Automation 事件

回應事件 (Visual Basic 和 Visual C# 專案)