取得搜尋結果

發行項
09/12/2008

DirectorySearcher 傳回的每個結果都可被擷取為 SearchResult 物件。每個 SearchResult 物件都包含單一結果及其相關屬性。

在每個 SearchResult 中傳回的屬性都包含在 ResultPropertyCollection 物件中。這些屬性的值都包含在 ResultPropertyValueCollection 物件中。

FindOne 方法將傳回單一 SearchResult。下列範例示範如何使用 FindOne 方法來取得單一 SearchResult，以及從 ResultPropertyValueCollection 擷取其所有屬性的值。

' Bind to a specific user.
Dim path As String
path = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users, DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)

' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
Dim mySearcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)
mySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Base

' Use the FindOne method to find the user object.
Dim resEnt As SearchResult = mySearcher.FindOne()

Dim propKey As String
For Each propKey In resEnt.Properties.PropertyNames
    ' Display each of the values for the property 
    ' identified by the property name.
    Dim prop As Object
    For Each prop In resEnt.Properties(propKey)
        Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", propKey, [prop].ToString())
    Next prop
Next propKey

// Bind to a specific user.
DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(
"LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com");

// Create a DirectorySearcher object.
DirectorySearcher mySearcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);
mySearcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Base;

// Use the FindOne method to find the user object.
SearchResult resEnt = mySearcher.FindOne();

foreach(string propKey in resEnt.Properties.PropertyNames)
{
    // Display each of the values for the property 
    // identified by the property name.
    foreach (object property in resEnt.Properties[propKey])
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", propKey, property.ToString());
    }
}

當搜尋擷取一或多個結果時，請使用 FindAll 方法。此方法傳回 SearchResult 物件的集合，這些物件包含在 SearchResultCollection 物件中。使用 foreach 陳述式來逐一查看 SearchResultCollection，然後從個別 SearchResult 物件取得資料。

下列範例使用萬用字元搜尋篩選器及 FindAll 方法來尋找 Users 容器中使用者名稱以 "test" 為開頭的所有使用者。結果集中與每個物件關聯的所有屬性值也都擷取自 ResultPropertyValueCollection 物件。

Dim results As SearchResultCollection = Nothing

Try
    ' Bind to the users container.
    Dim path As String = "LDAP://CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
    path = "LDAP://CN=Users,DC=strohmadom,DC=nttest,DC=microsoft,DC=com"
    Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)

    ' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
    Dim mySearcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)

    ' Set a filter for users with the name test.
    mySearcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(anr=test*))"

    ' Use the FindAll method to return objects to a SearchResultCollection.
    results = mySearcher.FindAll()

    ' Iterate through each SearchResult in the SearchResultCollection.
    Dim searchResult As SearchResult
    For Each searchResult In results
        ' Display the path of the object found.
        Console.WriteLine("Search properties for {0}", _
            searchResult.Path)

        ' Iterate through each property name in each SearchResult.
        Dim propertyKey As String
        For Each propertyKey In searchResult.Properties.PropertyNames
            ' Retrieve the value assigned to that property name 
            ' in the ResultPropertyValueCollection.
            Dim valueCollection As ResultPropertyValueCollection = searchResult.Properties(propertyKey)

            ' Iterate through values for each property name in each SearchResult.
            Dim propertyValue As Object
            For Each propertyValue In valueCollection
                ' Handle results. Be aware that the following 
                ' WriteLine() only returns readable results for 
                ' properties that are strings.
                Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", _
                    propertyKey, _
                    propertyValue.ToString())
            Next propertyValue
        Next propertyKey
    Next searchResult
Finally
    ' To prevent memory leaks, always call 
    ' SearchResultCollection.Dispose() manually.
    If Not results Is Nothing Then
        results.Dispose()
        results = Nothing
    End If
End Try

SearchResultCollection results = null;

try
{
    // Bind to the users container.
    string path = "LDAP://CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com";
    DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(path);

    // Create a DirectorySearcher object.
    DirectorySearcher mySearcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);

    // Set a filter for users with the name test.
    mySearcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(anr=test*))";

    // Use the FindAll method to return objects to a 
    // SearchResultCollection.
    results = mySearcher.FindAll();

    // Iterate through each SearchResult in the SearchResultCollection.
    foreach (SearchResult searchResult in results)
    {
        // Display the path of the object found.
        Console.WriteLine("Search properties for {0}", searchResult.Path);

        // Iterate through each property name in each SearchResult.
        foreach (string propertyKey in 
            searchResult.Properties.PropertyNames)
        {
            // Retrieve the value assigned to that property name 
            // in the ResultPropertyValueCollection.
            ResultPropertyValueCollection valueCollection = 
                searchResult.Properties[propertyKey];

            // Iterate through values for each property name in each 
            // SearchResult.
            foreach (Object propertyValue in valueCollection)
            {
                // Handle results. Be aware that the following 
                // WriteLine only returns readable results for 
                // properties that are strings.
                Console.WriteLine(
                    "{0}:{1}", 
                    propertyKey, 
                    propertyValue.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
}
finally
{
    // To prevent memory leaks, always call 
    // SearchResultCollection.Dispose() manually.
    if (null != results)
    {
        results.Dispose();
        results = null;
    }
}

若只要擷取先前程式碼範例的結果集中傳回之物件的特定屬性值，您可以將內部兩個 foreach 陳述式取代為提供您所需屬性名稱的陳述式，如下列陳述式所示。

Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties("cn")(0))
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties("objectClass")(1))

Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties["cn"][0]);
Console.WriteLine(resEnt1.Properties["objectClass"][1]);

在這些陳述式中，特定屬性會被指定並建立索引。如果這些屬性包含多重值，則您需要列舉這些值。如需有關列舉屬性值的詳細資訊，請參閱讀取具有多個值的屬性。

ResultPropertyValueCollection 物件提供的另一個選項是 Item 屬性，它會擷取包含多重值的屬性中特定索引位置的值。Item 關鍵字可用於 Visual Basic .NET 中，但在 C# 中，Item 的實作是包含要擷取之值的索引位置的陣列。下列範例示範如何使用 Item。

' Bind to a specific user.
Dim path As String = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com"
Dim entry As New DirectoryEntry(path)

' Create a DirectorySearcher object.
Dim searcher As New DirectorySearcher(entry)

' Use the FindOne method to find the object, which in this case, is the user
' indicated by User Name and assign it to a SearchResult.
Dim searchResult As SearchResult = searcher.FindOne()

' Create a ResultPropertyValueCollection object to get the values for the 
' memberOf attribute for this user.
Dim propertyName As String = "memberOf"
Dim valueCollection As ResultPropertyValueCollection = searchResult.Properties(propertyName)

Try
    ' Write the value contained in index position 5 in the memberOf attribute.
    Console.WriteLine(valueCollection(5).ToString())
Catch argumentEx As ArgumentOutOfRangeException
    ' The property contains no value in position 5.
    Console.WriteLine("The {0} property contains no value at the specified index.", propertyName)
End Try

// Bind to a specific user.
string path = "LDAP://CN=User Name,CN=users,DC=fabrikam,DC=com";
DirectoryEntry entry = new DirectoryEntry(path);

// Create a DirectorySearcher object.
DirectorySearcher searcher = new DirectorySearcher(entry);

// Use the FindOne method to find the object, which in this case, is the user
// indicated by User Name, and assign it to a SearchResult.
SearchResult searchResult = searcher.FindOne();

// Create a ResultPropertyValueCollection object to get the values for the 
// memberOf attribute for this user.
string propertyName = "memberOf";
ResultPropertyValueCollection valueCollection = searchResult.Properties[propertyName];

try
{
    // Write the value contained in index position 5 in the memberOf attribute.
    Console.WriteLine(valueCollection[5].ToString());
}
catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException)
{
    // The property contains no value in position 5.
    Console.WriteLine(
        "The {0} property contains no value at the specified index.", 
        propertyName);
}

對於搜尋結果，System.DirectoryServices 不支援下列傳回類型：

ADS_PROV_SPECIFIC
ADSTYPE_CASEIGNORE_LIST
ADSTYPE_OCTET_LIST
ADSTYPE_PATH
ADSTYPE_POSTALADDRESS
ADSTYPE_TIMESTAMP
ADSTYPE_NETADDRESS
ADSTYPE_FAXNUMBER
ADSTYPE_EMAIL
ADSTYPE_BACKLINK
ADSTYPE_HOLD
ADSTYPE_TYPEDNAME
ADSTYPE_REPLICAPOINTER
ADSTYPE_UNKNOWN
ADSTYPE_PROV_SPECIFIC

請參閱

參考

System.DirectoryServices
DirectorySearcher
SearchResult
SearchResultCollection
ResultPropertyCollection
ResultPropertyValueCollection

概念

搜尋目錄
 讀取具有多個值的屬性

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取得搜尋結果

請參閱

參考

概念

其他資源