將更新套件新增至 Windows RE

  • 發行項

您可以套用更新 (LCU 或 Safe OS 動態更新 (DU)) 至 Windows RE 映像。 更新 Windows RE 映像的步驟，會因您要的是更新離線映像或執行中系統上的映像，而有所不同。

  • 新增 LCU 時：在新增更新之前，以及新增更新之後，請檢查 WinRE 版本號碼，確定已正確套用更新。
  • 新增 DU 套件時：在新增套件之後，請檢查映像中的套件清單，確認套件已成功新增至映像。

更新離線映像

下列步驟說明如何將更新的套件新增至離線 Windows RE 映像。

裝載 Windows 映像

Windows RE 映像 (winre.wim) 包含在 Windows 映像中 (install.wim)，最終映像會複製到目的地 PC 或裝置上的 Windows RE 工具分割區。 若要修改 WinRE 映像，您必須先裝載 Windows 映像，然後裝載 Windows RE 映像。 裝載這兩個映像之後，您可以進行變更、卸載 WinRE 映像，然後卸載 Windows 映像。

  • 建立裝載目錄並裝載 install.wim：

    md C:\mount\windows
Dism /Mount-Wim /WimFile:C:\images\install.wim /index:1 /MountDir:C:\mount\windows

裝載您的 WinRE 映像

  • 從裝載的映像裝載 Windows RE 映像檔案。

    Md c:\mount\winre 
Dism /Mount-Wim /WimFile:C:\mount\windows\Windows\System32\Recovery\winre.wim /index:1 /MountDir:C:\mount\winre

    提示

    如果在指定的目錄下看不到 winre.wim，請使用下列命令設定來使檔案可見：

    attrib -h -a -s C:\mount\windows\Windows\System32\Recovery\winre.wim

將更新套件新增至 WinRE

裝載復原映像之後，您可以新增更新來修正問題。

  1. 下載必要的更新套件，並將它新增至您的復原映像。

    Dism /Add-Package /Image:C:\mount\winre /PackagePath:"c:\downloadedupdate\update.msu"

    或

    Dism /Add-Package /Image:C:\mount\ /PackagePath:"c:\downloadedupdate\dynamicupdate.cab"

  2. 如果您已新增動態更新套件，請驗證您新增的套件是否位於映像中：

     Dism /Image:C:\mount\ /Get-Packages

    檢查您剛才新增的更新套件清單。 套件應該包含 KB 編號，而且會在已成功新增時，將 State 顯示為 Installed ：

    Package Identity : Package_for_KB5021041~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~22621.815.1.0
State : Installed
Release Type : Update

  3. 清除復原映像，並重設任何已取代元件的基底：

    dism /image:C:\mount /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase

卸載映像

  1. 關閉可能從映像存取檔案的所有應用程式，包括檔案總管。

  2. 認可變更並卸載 Windows RE 映像：

    Dism /Unmount-Image /MountDir:"C:\mount\winre" /Commit

    此程序可能需要幾分鐘的時間。

  3. 認可變更並卸載 Windows 映像：

    Dism /Unmount-Image /MountDir:"C:\mount\windows" /Commit

    其中 C 是包含映像之磁碟機的磁碟機代號。 此程序可能需要幾分鐘的時間。

Windows RE 映像現在已更新，並屬於較大型 Windows 映像的一部分。

將更新套用至執行中的 PC

您可以將修正套用至執行中 PC 上的 Windows Recovery 映像。 下列步驟會逐步引導您裝載 Windows Recovery 映像、套用更新，然後儲存變更：

  1. 以系統管理員身分開啟 [命令提示字元]。

  2. 建立一個目錄，以便在其中裝載復原映像來加以變更。

    md c:\mount

  3. 使用 REAgentC 裝載復原映像：

    ReAgentC.exe /mountre /path c:\mount

  4. 裝載復原映像之後，您可以下載更新套件，並將套件新增至 Windows RE 映像。

    Dism /Add-Package /Image:C:\mount\ /PackagePath:"c:\downloadedupdate\update.msu"

    或

    Dism /Add-Package /Image:C:\mount\ /PackagePath:"c:\downloadedupdate\dynamicupdate.cab"

  5. 如果您已新增動態更新套件，請驗證您新增的套件是否位於映像中：

     Dism /Image:C:\mount\ /Get-Packages

    檢查您剛才新增的更新套件清單。 套件應該包含 KB 編號，而且會在已成功新增時，將 State 顯示為 Installed ：

    Package Identity : Package_for_KB5021041~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~22621.815.1.0
State : Installed
Release Type : Update

  6. 清除復原映像，並重設任何已取代元件的基底：

    dism /image:C:\mount /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase

  7. 卸載 Windows 復原映像：

    ReAgentC.exe /unmountre /path c:\mount /commit

  8. 如果 PC 的磁碟受到 BitLocker 或裝置加密的保護：使用 ReagentC 來停用再重新啟用 Windows RE。 這可確保更新的 Windows RE 映像已針對 Windows 安裝開啟並正確設定：

    reagentc /disable
reagentc /enable

執行中 PC 上的 Windows RE 映像現在已完成更新。

檢查 WinRE 映像版本

您可以在線上和離線 Windows 安裝上檢查 WinRE 映像的版本號碼。 這有助於在新增更新之前檢查 WinRE 版本，然後在套用更新之後確認已成功新增更新。

注意

只有在您新增 LCU 之後，WinRE 版本號碼才會變更。 如果您新增 DU 套件，請使用 DISM /get-packages (如上述步驟所述) 以確保套件已新增至映像。

在線上 Windows OS 中驗證 Windows RE 版本

  1. 執行下列命令，使用 Refersc 尋找已安裝 WinRE 映像的位置：

    reagentc /info

    此指令會傳回類似下列範例的 Windows RE 位置：

    \\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4\Recovery\WindowsRE

  2. 針對位於上一個步驟中由 ReagentC 傳回路徑的 winre.wim 映像，使用 DISM 取得該映像的版本資訊。 執行命令時，請務必將 WinRE 映像名稱和映像索引編號新增至路徑：

    Dism /Get-ImageInfo /ImageFile:\\?\GLOBALROOT\device\harddisk0\partition4\Recovery\WindowsRE\winre.wim /index:1

    請注意所回報的版本。 例如：

    Version : 10.0.22621
ServicePack Build : 1
ServicePack Level : 0

    請確定 ServicePackBuild 大於或等於您所新增之更新的 UBR。 例如，針對 Windows 11 版本 22H2，11 月的安全性更新會將 SerivcePack Build 顯示為 819，因為該更新的完整版本號碼為 22621.819。

    • 如果回報的版本是較舊版本，這表示 Windows RE 映像不是最新的。
    • 如果回報的版本相同或更新版本，則不需要採取任何動作。

在離線 Windows OS 中驗證 Windows RE 版本

  1. 裝載 Windows 映像到本機資料夾，例如 C:\mount\windows：

    mkdir C:\mount\windows
Dism /Mount-Image /ImageFile:C:\mount\install.wim /Index:1 /MountDir:C:\mount\windows

  2. 使用 DISM 取得位於 Windows\system32\recovery 資料夾中 winre.wim 映像的版本資訊。 當您執行命令時，請務必指定映像的索引編號：

    Dism /Get-ImageInfo /ImageFile:c:\mount\windows\windows\system32\recovery\winre.wim /index:1

    請注意所回報的版本。 例如：

    Version : 10.0.22621
ServicePack Build : 1
ServicePack Level : 0

    請確定 ServicePackBuild 大於或等於您所新增之更新的 UBR。 例如，針對 Windows 11 版本 22H2，11 月的安全性更新會將 SerivcePack Build 顯示為 819，因為該更新的完整版本號碼為 22621.819。

    • 如果回報的版本是較舊版本，這表示 Windows RE 映像不是最新的。
    • 如果回報的版本相同或更新版本，則不需要採取任何動作。

擴充 Windows RE 分割區

下列範例指令碼可用來增加復原分割區的大小，以成功更新 Windows 修復環境 (WinRE)。 建議在復原分割區空出 250 MB 的可用空間，讓 WinRE 更新能夠順利安裝。 在復原分割區中可能沒有足夠可用空間的裝置上，下列範例指令碼可用來將復原分割區擴充 250 MB。

在執行指令碼之前，請先重新啟動電腦。 這很重要，因為電腦上可能會暫存擱置的分割區作業，需要加以完成之後，指令碼才能安全地增加 WinRE 分割區大小。 您的電腦重新啟動後，以系統管理員身分開啟 Powershell，執行 mkdir <新的備份目錄路徑>，以建立指令碼在還原原始分割區失敗時可使用的備份目錄。 記下此備份目錄的位置，因為指令碼會要求您提供備份路徑。如果您要進行大規模部署，可以使用下列參數略過指令碼提示

" -SkipConfirmation $true -BackupFolder "

例如，

Resize_script.ps1 -SkipConfirmation $true -BackupFolder c:\winre_backup

Param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false,HelpMessage="Skip confirmation")][bool]$SkipConfirmation=$false,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path to backup old WinRE partition content to")][string]$BackupFolder
)
# ------------------------------------
# Helper functions
# ------------------------------------
# Log message
function LogMessage([string]$message)
{
	$message = "$message"
	Write-Host $message
}
# Extract numbers from string
function ExtractNumbers([string]$str)
{
	$cleanString = $str -replace "[^0-9]"
	return [long]$cleanString
}
# Display partition info using fsutil
# Return an array, the first value is total size and the second value is free space
function DisplayPartitionInfo([string[]]$partitionPath)
{
	$volume = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Volume | Where-Object { $partitionPath -contains $_.DeviceID }
	LogMessage("  Partition capacity: " +  $volume.Capacity)
	LogMessage("  Partition free space: " + $volume.FreeSpace)
	return $volume.Capacity, $volume.FreeSpace
} 
# Display WinRE status
function DisplayWinREStatus()
{
	# Get WinRE partition info
	$WinREInfo = Reagentc /info
	foreach ($line in $WinREInfo)
	{
		$params = $line.Split(':')
		if ($params.Count -lt 2)
		{
			continue
		}
		if (($params[1].Trim() -ieq "Enabled") -Or (($params[1].Trim() -ieq "Disabled")))
		{
			$Status = $params[1].Trim() -ieq "Enabled"
			LogMessage($line.Trim())
		}
		if ($params[1].Trim() -like "\\?\GLOBALROOT*")
		{
			$Location = $params[1].Trim()
			LogMessage($line.Trim())
		}
	}
	
	return $Status, $Location
}
# ------------------------------------
# Main execution
# ------------------------------------
# Clear the error
$Error.Clear()
# ------------------------------------
# Examining the system to collect required info 
# for the execution
# Need to check WinRE status, collect OS and WinRE
# partition info
# ------------------------------------
LogMessage("Start time: $([DateTime]::Now)")
LogMessage("Examining the system...")
$NeedShrink = $true
$NeedCreateNew = $false
$NeedBackup = $false
# Get WinRE partition info
$InitialWinREStatus = DisplayWinREStatus
$WinREStatus = $InitialWinREStatus[0]
$WinRELocation = $InitialWinREStatus[1]
if (!$WinREStatus)
{
	LogMessage("Error: WinRE Disabled")
	exit 1
}
# Get System directory and ReAgent xml file
$system32Path = [System.Environment]::SystemDirectory
LogMessage("System directory: " + $system32Path)
$ReAgentXmlPath = Join-Path -Path $system32Path -ChildPath "\Recovery\ReAgent.xml"
LogMessage("ReAgent xml: " + $ReAgentXmlPath)
if (!(Test-Path  $ReAgentXmlPath))
{
	LogMessage("Error: ReAgent.xml cannot be found")
	exit 1
}
# Get OS partition
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Collecting OS and WinRE partition info...")
$OSDrive = $system32Path.Substring(0,1)
$OSPartition = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive
# Get WinRE partition
$WinRELocationItems = $WinRELocation.Split('\\')
foreach ($item in $WinRELocationItems)
{
    if ($item -like "harddisk*")
	{
		$OSDiskIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)
	}
	if ($item -like "partition*")
	{
		$WinREPartitionIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)
	}
}
LogMessage("OS Disk: " + $OSDiskIndex)
LogMessage("OS Partition: " + $OSPartition.PartitionNumber)
LogMessage("WinRE Partition: " + $WinREPartitionIndex)
$WinREPartition = Get-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex
$diskInfo = Get-Disk -number $OSDiskIndex
$diskType = $diskInfo.PartitionStyle
LogMessage("Disk PartitionStyle: " + $diskType)
# Display WinRE partition size info
LogMessage("WinRE partition size info")
$WinREPartitionSizeInfo = DisplayPartitionInfo($WinREPartition.AccessPaths)
LogMessage("WinRE Partition Offset: " + $WinREPartition.Offset)
LogMessage("WinRE Partition Type: " + $WinREPartition.Type)
LogMessage("OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)
LogMessage("OS partition Offset: " + $OSPartition.Offset)
$OSPartitionEnds = $OSPartition.Offset + $OSPartition.Size
LogMessage("OS partition ends at: " + $OSPartitionEnds)
LogMessage("WinRE partition starts at: " + $WinREPartition.Offset)
$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $false
if ($diskType -ieq "MBR")
{
	if ($WinREPartition.IsActive)
	{
		LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition")
		$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $true
	}
}
if ($diskType -ieq "GPT")
{
	if ($WinREPartition.Type -ieq "System")
	{
		LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition")
		$WinREIsOnSystemPartition = $true
	}
}
# Checking the BackupFolder parameter
if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('BackupFolder'))
{
	LogMessage("")
	LogMessage("Backup Directory: [" + $BackupFolder + "]")
	
	$Needbackup = $true
	
	if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)
	{
		$Needbackup = $false
		LogMessage("WinRE is on System partition which will be preserved. No need to backup content")
	}
	else
	{
		if (Test-path $BackupFolder)
		{
			$items = Get-ChildItem -Path $BackupFolder
			if ($items)
			{
				LogMessage("Error: Existing backup directory is not empty")
				exit 1
			}
		}
		else
		{
			LogMessage("Creating backup directory...")
			try 
			{
				$item = New-Item -Path $BackupFolder -ItemType Directory -ErrorAction Stop
				if ($item)
				{
					LogMessage("Backup directory created")
				}
				else
				{
					LogMessage("Error: Failed to create backup directory [" + $BackupFolder + "]")
					exit 1
				}
			} catch 
			{
				LogMessage("Error: An error occurred: $_")
				exit 1
			}
		}
	}
}
# ------------------------------------
# Verify whether we meet requirements of execution
# - WinRE cannot be on OS partition for the extension
# - WinRE partition must be the next partition after OS partition
# - If WinRE partition already have >=250MB free space, no need to do repartition
# - If there is enough unallocated space to grow the WinRE partition size, skip shrinking OS
# 
# However, if the WinRE partition is before the OS partition, there is no chance to extend it
# As a result, it's better to create a new WinRE partition after the OS partition
# ------------------------------------
# Perform a few checks
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Verifying if the WinRE partition needs to be extended or not...")
if (!(($diskType -ieq "MBR") -Or ($diskType -ieq "GPT")))
{
	LogMessage("Error: Got an unexpected disk partition style: " +$diskType)
	exit 1
}
# WinRE partition must be after OS partition for the repartition
if ($WinREPartitionIndex -eq $OSPartition.PartitionNumber)
{
	LogMessage("WinRE and OS are on the same partition, should not perform extension")
	exit 0
}
$supportedSize = Get-PartitionSupportedSize -DriveLetter $OSDrive
# if there is enough free space, skip extension
if ($WinREPartitionSizeInfo[1] -ge 250MB)
{
	LogMessage("More than 250 MB of free space was detected in the WinRE partition, there is no need to extend the partition")
	exit 0
}
if ($WinREPartition.Offset -lt $OSPartitionEnds)
{
	LogMessage("WinRE partition is not after OS partition, cannot perform extension")
	LogMessage("Need to create a new WinRE partition after OS partition")
	$NeedCreateNew = $true
	$NeedShrink = $true
	
	# Calculate the size of repartition
	# Will create a new WinRE partition with current WinRE partition size + 250 MB
	# The OS partition size will be shrunk by the new WinRE partition size
	$targetWinREPartitionSize = $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0] + 250MB
	$shrinkSize = [Math]::Ceiling($targetWinREPartitionSize / 1MB) * 1MB
	$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize
	if ($targetOSPartitionSize -lt $supportedSize.SizeMin)
	{
		LogMessage("Error: The target OS partition size after shrinking is smaller than the supported minimum size, cannot perform the repartition")
		exit 1
	}
}
else
{
	if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)
	{
		LogMessage("WinRE parititon is after the OS partition and it's also System partition")
		LogMessage("Error: Got unexpected disk layout, cannot proceed")
		exit 1
	}
	if (!($WinREPartitionIndex -eq ($OSPartition.PartitionNumber + 1)))
	{
		LogMessage("Error: WinRE partition is not right after the OS partition, cannot extend WinRE partition")
		exit 1
	}
	# Calculate the size of repartition
	# Will shrink OS partitition by 250 MB
	$shrinkSize = 250MB
	$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize
	$targetWinREPartitionSize = $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0] + 250MB
	$UnallocatedSpace = $WinREPartition.Offset - $OSPartitionEnds;
	# If there is unallocated space, consider using it
	if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 250MB)
	{
		$UnallocatedSpace = $WinREPartition.Offset - $OSPartitionEnds;
		LogMessage("Found unallocated space between OS and WinRE partition: " + $UnallocatedSpace)
		LogMessage("There is already enough space to extend WinRE partition without shrinking the OS partition")
		$NeedShrink = $false
		$targetOSPartitionSize = 0
	}
	else
	{
		$shrinkSize = [Math]::Ceiling((250MB - $UnallocatedSpace)/ 1MB) * 1MB
		if ($shrinkSize > 250MB)
		{
			$shrinkSize = 250MB
		}
		$targetOSPartitionSize = $OSPartition.Size - $shrinkSize
		if ($targetOSPartitionSize -lt $supportedSize.SizeMin)
		{
			LogMessage("Error: The target OS partition size after shrinking is smaller than the supported minimum size, cannot perform the repartition")
			exit 1
		}
	}
}
# ------------------------------------
# Report execution plan and ask for user confirmation to continue
# ------------------------------------
# Report the changes planned to be executed, waiting for user confirmation
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Summary of proposed changes")
if ($NeedCreateNew)
{
	LogMessage("Note: WinRE partition is before OS partition, need to create a new WinRE partition after OS partition")
	LogMessage("Will shrink OS partition by " + $shrinkSize)
	LogMessage("  Current OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)
	LogMessage("  Target OS partition size after shrinking: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)
	LogMessage("New WinRE partition will be created with size: ", $targetWinREPartitionSize)
	if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)
	{
		LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition is also system partition, it will be preserved")
	}
	else
	{
		LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition will be deleted")
		LogMessage("  WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex + "]")
		LogMessage("  Current WinRE partition size: " + $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0])
	}
}
else
{
	if ($NeedShrink)
	{
		LogMessage("Will shrink OS partition by " + $shrinkSize)
		LogMessage("  Current OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)
		LogMessage("  Target OS partition size after shrinking: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)
		if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 0)
		{
			LogMessage("Unallocated space between OS and WinRE partition that will be used towards the new WinRE partition: " + $UnallocatedSpace)
		}
	}
	else
	{
		LogMessage("Will use 250MB from unallocated space between OS and WinRE partition")
	}
	LogMessage("Will extend WinRE partition size by 250MB")
	LogMessage("  WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex + "]")
	LogMessage("  Current WinRE partition size: " + $WinREPartitionSizeInfo[0])
	LogMessage("  New WinRE partition size:     " + $targetWinREPartitionSize)
	LogMessage("WinRE will be temporarily disabled before extending the WinRE partition and enabled automatically in the end")
	if ($UnallocatedSpace -ge 100MB)
	{
		LogMessage("Warning: More than 100MB of unallocated space was detected between the OS and WinRE partitions")
		LogMessage("Would you like to proceed by using the unallocated space between the OS and the WinRE partitions?")
	}
}
if ($Needbackup)
{
	LogMessage("")
	LogMessage("The contents of the old WinRE partition will be backed up to [" + $BackupFolder + "]")
}
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Please reboot the device before running this script to ensure any pending partition actions are finalized")
LogMessage("")
if ($SkipConfirmation)
{
	LogMessage("User chose to skip confirmation")
	LogMessage("Proceeding with changes...")
}
else
{
	$userInput = Read-Host -Prompt "Would you like to proceed? Y for Yes and N for No"
		
	if ($userInput -ieq "Y")
	{
		LogMessage("Proceeding with changes...")
	}
	elseif ($userInput -ieq "N")
	{
		LogMessage("Canceling based on user request, no changes were made to the system")
		exit 0
	}
	else
	{
		LogMessage("Error: Unexpected user input: [" + $userInput + "]") 
		exit 0
	}
}
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Note: To prevent unexpected results, please do not interrupt the execution or restart your system")
# ------------------------------------
# Do the actual execution
# The main flow is:
# 1. Check whether ReAgent.xml has stage location and clear it for repartiion
# 2. Disable WinRE as WinRE partition will be deleted
# 3. Perform the repartition to create a larger WinRE partition
# 4. Re-enable WinRE
# ------------------------------------
LogMessage("")
# Load ReAgent.xml to clear Stage location
LogMessage("Loading [" + $ReAgentXmlPath + "] ...")
$xml = [xml](Get-Content -Path $ReAgentXmlPath)
$node = $xml.WindowsRE.ImageLocation
if (($node.path -eq "") -And ($node.guid -eq "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}") -And ($node.offset -eq "0") -And ($node.id -eq "0"))
{
	LogMessage("Stage location info is empty")
}
else
{
	LogMessage("Clearing stage location info...")
	$node.path = ""
	$node.offset = "0"
	$node.guid= "{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"
	$node.id="0"
	# Save the change
	LogMessage("Saving changes to [" + $ReAgentXmlPath + "]...")
	$xml.Save($ReAgentXmlPath)
}
# Disable WinRE
LogMessage("Disabling WinRE...")
reagentc /disable
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
	LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when disabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
	exit $LASTEXITCODE
}
# Verify WinRE is under C:\Windows\System32\Recovery\WinRE.wim
$disableWinREPath = Join-Path -Path $system32Path -ChildPath "\Recovery\WinRE.wim"
LogMessage("Verifying that WinRE wim exists in downlevel at default location")
if (!(Test-Path $disableWinREPath))
{
	LogMessage("Error: Cannot find " + $disableWinREPath)
	
	# Re-enable WinRE
	LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE on error...")
	reagentc /enable
	if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
	{
		LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
	}
	exit 1
}
# ------------------------------------
# Perform the repartition
# 1. Resize the OS partition
# 2. Delete the WinRE partition
# 3. Create a new WinRE partition
# ------------------------------------
LogMessage("Performing repartition to extend the WinRE partition ...")
# 1. Resize the OS partition
if ($NeedShrink)
{
	LogMessage("Shrinking the OS partition to create a larger WinRE partition")
	LogMessage("Resizing the OS partition to: [" + $targetOSPartitionSize + "]...")
	Resize-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive -Size $targetOSPartitionSize
	if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {
		LogMessage("Error: Resize-Partition encountered errors: " + $Error[0].Exception.Message)
		
		# Re-enable WinRE
		LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE on error...")
		reagentc /enable
		if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
		{
			LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
		}
		exit 1
	}
	$OSPartitionAfterShrink = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive
	LogMessage("Target partition size: " + $targetOSPartitionSize)
	LogMessage("Size of OS partition after shrinking: " + $OSPartitionAfterShrink.Size)
}
# 2. Delete the WinRE partition
LogMessage("")
if ($WinREIsOnSystemPartition)
{
	LogMessage("Existing WinRE partition is System partition, skipping deletion")
}
else
{	
	# If requested by user, backup rest of the content on WinRE partition to backup directory
	if ($Needbackup)
	{
		$sourcePath = $WinREPartition.AccessPaths[0] 
		LogMessage("Copying content on WinRE partition from [" + $sourcePath + "] to [" + $BackupFolder + "]...")
		
		# Copy-Item may have access issue with certain system folders, enumerate the children items and exlcude them
		$items = Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $sourcePath -Force
		foreach ($item in $items)
		{
			if ($item.Name -ieq "System Volume Information")
			{
				continue
			}
			$sourceItemPath = Join-Path -Path $sourcePath -ChildPath $item.Name
			$destItemPath = Join-Path -Path $BackupFolder -ChildPath $item.Name
			try 
			{
				LogMessage("Copying [" + $sourceItemPath + "] to [" + $destItemPath + "]...")
				Copy-Item -LiteralPath $sourceItemPath -Destination $destItemPath -Recurse -Force
			} catch 
			{
				LogMessage("Error: An error occurred during copy: $_")
				exit 1
			}
		}
		
		LogMessage("Backup completed")
		LogMessage("")
	}
	LogMessage("Deleting WinRE partition: Disk [" + $OSDiskIndex + "] Partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex + "]...")
	Remove-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex -Confirm:$false
	if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {
		LogMessage("Error: Remove-Partition encountered errors: " + $Error[0].Exception.Message)
		exit 1
	}
}
# A short sleep for the partition change
Sleep 5
# 3. Create a new WinRE partition
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Creating new WinRE partition...")
LogMessage("Target size: " + $targetWinREPartitionSize)
if ($diskType -ieq "GPT")
{
	$partition = New-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -Size $targetWinREPartitionSize -GptType "{de94bba4-06d1-4d40-a16a-bfd50179d6ac}"
	
	$newPartitionIndex = $partition.PartitionNumber
	# A short sleep to make sure the partition is ready for formatting
	Sleep 2
	LogMessage("Formating the partition...")
	$result = Format-Volume -Partition $partition -FileSystem NTFS -Confirm:$false
	if ($Error.Count -gt 0) {
		LogMessage("Error: Format-Volume encountered errors: " + $Error[0].Exception.Message)
		exit 1
	}
}
else
{
	#$partition = New-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -Size $targetWinREPartitionSize -MbrType 0x27
	$targetWinREPartitionSizeInMb = [int]($targetWinREPartitionSize/1MB)
	$diskpartScript = 
@"
select disk $OSDiskIndex
create partition primary size=$targetWinREPartitionSizeInMb id=27
format quick fs=ntfs label="Recovery"
set id=27
"@
	$TempPath = $env:Temp
	$diskpartSciptFile = Join-Path -Path $TempPath -ChildPath "\ExtendWinRE_MBR_PowershellScript.txt"
	
	LogMessage("Creating temporary diskpart script to create Recovery partition on MBR disk...")
	LogMessage("Temporary diskpart script file: " + $diskpartSciptFile)
	$diskpartScript | Out-File -FilePath $diskpartSciptFile -Encoding ascii
	
	LogMessage("Executing diskpart script...")
	try 
	{
		$diskpartOutput = diskpart /s $diskpartSciptFile
		
		if ($diskpartOutput -match "DiskPart successfully") 
		{
			LogMessage("Diskpart script executed successfully")
		}
		else
		{
			LogMessage("Error executing diskpart script:" + $diskpartOutput)
			exit 1
		}
		LogMessage("Deleting temporary diskpart script file...")
		Remove-Item $diskpartSciptFile
	}
	catch 
	{
		LogMessage("Error executing diskpart script: $_")
		exit 1
	}
	
	$vol = Get-Volume -FileSystemLabel "Recovery"
	$newPartitionIndex = (Get-Partition | Where-Object { $_.AccessPaths -contains $vol.Path } ).PartitionNumber
}
if ($Error.Count -gt 0) 
{
	LogMessage("Error: New-Partition encountered errors: " + $Error[0].Exception.Message)
	exit 1
}
LogMessage("New Partition index: " + $newPartitionIndex)
# Re-enable WinRE
LogMessage("Re-enabling WinRE...")
reagentc /enable
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
	LogMessage("Warning: encountered an error when enabling WinRE: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
	exit $LASTEXITCODE
}
# In the end, Display WinRE status to verify WinRE is enabled correctly
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("WinRE Information:")
$FinalWinREStatus = DisplayWinREStatus
$WinREStatus = $FinalWinREStatus[0]
$WinRELocation = $FinalWinREStatus[1]
if (!$WinREStatus)
{
	LogMessage("Warning: WinRE Disabled")
}
$WinRELocationItems = $WinRELocation.Split('\\')
foreach ($item in $WinRELocationItems)
{
	if ($item -like "partition*")
	{
		$WinREPartitionIndex = ExtractNumbers($item)
	}
}
LogMessage("WinRE Partition Index: " + $WinREPartitionIndex)
$WinREPartition = Get-Partition -DiskNumber $OSDiskIndex -PartitionNumber $WinREPartitionIndex
$WinREPartitionSizeInfoAfter = DisplayPartitionInfo($WinREPartition.AccessPaths)
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("OS Information:")
$OSPartition = Get-Partition -DriveLetter $OSDrive
LogMessage("OS partition size: " + $OSPartition.Size)
LogMessage("OS partition Offset: " + $OSPartition.Offset)
if (!($WinREPartitionIndex -eq $newPartitionIndex))
{
	LogMessage("Warning: WinRE is installed to partition [" + $WinREPartitionIndex +"], but the newly created Recovery partition is [" + $newPartitionIndex + "]")
}
LogMessage("End time: $([DateTime]::Now)")
if ($NeedBackup)
{
	LogMessage("")
	LogMessage("The contents of the old WinRE partition has been backed up to [" + $BackupFolder + "]")
}
LogMessage("")
LogMessage("Successfully completed the operation")