在這個步驟中,請助理提供應用程式中非視覺的部分。 將此變更與 XAML 分開,使編譯器錯誤與設計問題更容易被發現。
詢問型號和儲存服務
請使用此提示:
Add the data layer for TaskTally.
- Create a TaskItem model with an ID, title, and completion state.
- Use MVVM Toolkit observable properties.
- Create a TaskStorage service that serializes the task list to JSON.
- Store tasks in ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder because this is
a packaged WinUI 3 app.
- Return an empty list when the file doesn't exist.
- Serialize save operations so rapid changes don't write the file concurrently.
- Surface real read and write errors to the caller.
- Build the project after the change.
將生成的模型與以下實作進行比較:
using CommunityToolkit.Mvvm.ComponentModel;
namespace TaskTally.Models;
public partial class TaskItem : ObservableObject
{
public Guid Id { get; init; } = Guid.NewGuid();
[ObservableProperty]
public partial string Title { get; set; } = string.Empty;
[ObservableProperty]
public partial bool IsComplete { get; set; }
}
屬性 [ObservableProperty] 會產生公開屬性並發送變更通知。 類別必須是這樣 partial ,MVVM Toolkit 原始碼產生器才能新增該程式碼。
儲存服務應該長這樣:
using System.Text.Json;
using System.Threading;
using TaskTally.Models;
using Windows.Storage;
namespace TaskTally.Services;
internal static class TaskStorage
{
private const string FileName = "tasks.json";
private static readonly SemaphoreSlim SaveLock = new(1, 1);
public static async Task<IReadOnlyList<TaskItem>> LoadAsync()
{
StorageFile? file =
await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.TryGetItemAsync(FileName) as StorageFile;
if (file is null)
{
return [];
}
string json = await FileIO.ReadTextAsync(file);
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<List<TaskItem>>(json) ?? [];
}
public static async Task SaveAsync(IEnumerable<TaskItem> tasks)
{
await SaveLock.WaitAsync();
try
{
string json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(tasks, new JsonSerializerOptions
{
WriteIndented = true
});
StorageFile file = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.CreateFileAsync(
FileName,
CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
await FileIO.WriteTextAsync(file, json);
}
finally
{
SaveLock.Release();
}
}
}
ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder 此處適用,因為應用程式具有套件身份。
SaveLock 防止加、刪除和完成操作同時寫入同一檔案。 如果你之後更改分發模式,請再次驗證套件身份假設,而不是自動複製這個儲存選擇。
了解更多: 儲存與取回設定及其他應用程式資料 ,以及 ApplicationData.LocalFolder。
要求提供景觀模型
接著,使用這個提示:
Add MainPageViewModel.
- Expose an ObservableCollection<TaskItem>.
- Add observable properties for the new-task text and status message.
- Add asynchronous commands to add and delete tasks.
- Disable AddTaskCommand when the title is blank.
- Load tasks once when the page starts.
- Save after add, delete, or completion changes.
- Expose a summary and empty-state property for x:Bind.
- Catch storage exceptions only where the UI can report them.
- Build and fix all warnings.
回應中主要需要檢視的模式包括:
public ObservableCollection<TaskItem> Tasks { get; } = [];
[ObservableProperty]
public partial string NewTaskTitle { get; set; } = string.Empty;
public string Summary =>
Tasks.Count == 0
? "No tasks yet"
: $"{Tasks.Count(task => !task.IsComplete)} of {Tasks.Count} remaining";
[RelayCommand(CanExecute = nameof(CanAddTask))]
private async Task AddTaskAsync()
{
string title = NewTaskTitle.Trim();
Tasks.Add(new TaskItem { Title = title });
NewTaskTitle = string.Empty;
RefreshTaskState();
await SaveAsync($"Added \"{title}\".");
}
[RelayCommand]
private async Task DeleteTaskAsync(TaskItem task)
{
Tasks.Remove(task);
RefreshTaskState();
await SaveAsync($"Deleted \"{task.Title}\".");
}
private bool CanAddTask() => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(NewTaskTitle);
partial void OnNewTaskTitleChanged(string value)
{
AddTaskCommand.NotifyCanExecuteChanged();
}
檢查助理是否不會以 .Wait() 或 .Result 阻擋非同步工作。 應等待儲存作業完成。
視圖模型可以在將這些儲存例外轉換為頁面訊息時加以捕捉:
private async Task SaveAsync(string successMessage)
{
try
{
await TaskStorage.SaveAsync(Tasks);
ShowStatus(successMessage);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowStatus($"Changes couldn't be saved: {ex.Message}");
}
}
這不是靜默的備用:使用者會收到錯誤,視圖模型不會宣稱存檔成功。
建造與檢查
建置 x64 版本。 將警告視為工作項目,尤其是具約束力且可撤銷參考的警告:
dotnet build -p:Platform=x64
請助理解釋它新增的每個套件。 對於這個應用程式,除了範本中 Windows 應用程式 SDK 和 MVVM 工具包的參考外,不需要新的套件。