在目錄物件上設定 ACE 的範例程式代碼
定義 SetRight 函式
下列程式代碼範例會定義一個函式，將 存取控制 專案 （ACE） 加入至 Active Directory 網域服務 中指定物件之安全描述元的 Discretionary 存取控制 List （DACL）。 子程式可讓您：
- 授與或拒絕整個物件的存取權。
- 授與或拒絕物件上特定屬性的存取權。
- 授與或拒絕物件上一組屬性的存取權。
- 授與或拒絕建立特定類型子對象的許可權。
- 設定 ACE，該 ACE 可由所有子物件或指定之物件類別的子物件繼承。
遵循此 Visual Basic 程式代碼範例是數個程式代碼範例，示範如何使用 SetRight 函式來設定不同類型的 ACE。
Const ACL_REVISION_DS = &H4
Public Function SetRight(objectDN As String, _
accessrights As Long, _
accesstype As Long, _
aceinheritflags As Long, _
objectGUID As String, _
inheritedObjectGUID As String, _
trustee As String) As Boolean
Dim dsobject As IADs
Dim sd As IADsSecurityDescriptor
Dim dacl As IADsAccessControlList
Dim newace As New AccessControlEntry
Dim lflags As Long
On Error GoTo Cleanup
' Bind to the specified object.
Set dsobject = GetObject(objectDN)
' Read the security descriptor on the object.
Set sd = dsobject.Get("ntSecurityDescriptor")
' Get the DACL from the security descriptor.
Set dacl = sd.DiscretionaryAcl
' Set the properties of the new ACE.
newace.AccessMask = accessrights
newace.AceType = accesstype
newace.AceFlags = aceinheritflags
newace.trustee = trustee
' Set the GUID for the object type or inherited object type.
lflags = 0
If Not objectGUID = vbNullString Then
newace.ObjectType = objectGUID
lflags = lflags Or &H1 'ADS_FLAG_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
End If
If Not inheritedObjectGUID = vbNullString Then
newace.InheritedObjectType = inheritedObjectGUID
lflags = lflags Or &H2 'ADS_FLAG_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
End If
If Not (lflags = 0) Then newace.Flags = lflags
' Set the ACL Revision.
dacl.AclRevision = ACL_REVISION_DS
' Add the ACE to the DACL and to the security descriptor.
dacl.AddAce newace
sd.DiscretionaryAcl = dacl
' Apply it to the object.
dsobject.Put "ntSecurityDescriptor", sd
dsobject.SetInfo
SetRight = True
Exit Function
Cleanup:
Set dsobject = Nothing
Set sd = Nothing
Set dacl = Nothing
Set newace = Nothing
SetRight = False
End Function
HRESULT SetRight(
IADs *pObject,
long lAccessMask,
long lAccessType,
long lAccessInheritFlags,
LPOLESTR szObjectGUID,
LPOLESTR szInheritedObjectGUID,
LPOLESTR szTrustee)
{
VARIANT varSD;
HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
IADsAccessControlList *pACL = NULL;
IADsSecurityDescriptor *pSD = NULL;
IDispatch *pDispDACL = NULL;
IADsAccessControlEntry *pACE = NULL;
IDispatch *pDispACE = NULL;
long lFlags = 0L;
// The following code example takes the szTrustee in an expected naming format
// and assumes it is the name for the correct trustee.
// The application should validate the specified trustee.
if (!szTrustee || !pObject)
return E_INVALIDARG;
VariantInit(&varSD);
// Get the nTSecurityDescriptor.
// Type should be VT_DISPATCH - an IDispatch pointer to the security descriptor object.
hr = pObject->Get(_bstr_t("nTSecurityDescriptor"), &varSD);
if ( FAILED(hr) || varSD.vt != VT_DISPATCH ) {
wprintf(L"get nTSecurityDescriptor failed: 0x%x\n", hr);
return hr;
}
hr = V_DISPATCH( &varSD )->QueryInterface(IID_IADsSecurityDescriptor,(void**)&pSD);
if ( FAILED(hr) ) {
wprintf(L"QueryInterface for IADsSecurityDescriptor failed: 0x%x\n", hr);
goto cleanup;
}
// Get the DACL.
hr = pSD->get_DiscretionaryAcl(&pDispDACL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
hr = pDispDACL->QueryInterface(IID_IADsAccessControlList,(void**)&pACL);
if ( FAILED(hr) ) {
wprintf(L"Could not get DACL: 0x%x\n", hr);
goto cleanup;
}
// Create the COM object for the new ACE.
hr = CoCreateInstance(
CLSID_AccessControlEntry,
NULL,
CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,
IID_IADsAccessControlEntry,
(void **)&pACE
);
if ( FAILED(hr) ) {
wprintf(L"Could not create ACE object: 0x%x\n", hr);
goto cleanup;
}
// Set the properties for the new ACE.
// Set the mask that specifies the access right.
hr = pACE->put_AccessMask( lAccessMask );
// Set the trustee.
hr = pACE->put_Trustee( szTrustee );
// Set AceType.
hr = pACE->put_AceType( lAccessType );
// Set AceFlags to specify whether other objects can inherit the ACE from the specified object.
hr = pACE->put_AceFlags( lAccessInheritFlags );
// If an szObjectGUID is specified, add ADS_FLAG_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
// to the lFlags mask and set the ObjectType.
if (szObjectGUID)
{
lFlags |= ADS_FLAG_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT;
hr = pACE->put_ObjectType( szObjectGUID );
}
// If an szInheritedObjectGUID is specified, add ADS_FLAG_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT
// to the lFlags mask and set the InheritedObjectType.
if (szInheritedObjectGUID)
{
lFlags |= ADS_FLAG_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT;
hr = pACE->put_InheritedObjectType( szInheritedObjectGUID );
}
// Set flags if ObjectType or InheritedObjectType were set.
if (lFlags)
hr = pACE->put_Flags(lFlags);
// Add the ACE to the ACL to the SD to the cache to the object.
// Call the QueryInterface method for the IDispatch pointer to pass to the AddAce method.
hr = pACE->QueryInterface(IID_IDispatch, (void**)&pDispACE);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Set the ACL revision.
hr = pACL->put_AclRevision(ACL_REVISION_DS);
// Add the ACE.
hr = pACL->AddAce(pDispACE);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Write the DACL.
hr = pSD->put_DiscretionaryAcl(pDispDACL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Write the ntSecurityDescriptor property to the property cache.
hr = pObject->Put(CComBSTR("nTSecurityDescriptor"), varSD);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Call SetInfo to update the property on the object in the directory.
hr = pObject->SetInfo();
}
}
}
}
cleanup:
if (pDispACE)
pDispACE->Release();
if (pACE)
pACE->Release();
if (pACL)
pACL->Release();
if (pDispDACL)
pDispDACL->Release();
if (pSD)
pSD->Release();
VariantClear(&varSD);
return hr;
}
授與或拒絕整個物件的存取權
下列 Visual Basic 程式代碼範例會建置 Users 容器的系結字串，然後呼叫 SetRight 函式，在 Users 容器上設定 ACE。 本範例會設定 ACE，授與受託人讀取或寫入物件上任何屬性的許可權。
Dim rootDSE As IADs
Dim objectDN As String
Dim bResult As Boolean
Const ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP = &H10
Const ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP = &H20
' Bind to the Users container in the local domain.
Set rootDSE = GetObject("LDAP://rootDSE")
objectDN = "LDAP://cn=users," & rootDSE.Get("defaultNamingContext")
' Grant trustee the right to read/write any property.
bResult = SetRight objectDN, _
ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP Or ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP, _
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED, _
0, _
vbNullString, _
vbNullString, _
"someone@fabrikam.com" ' Trustee
If bResult = True Then
MsgBox ("The trustee can read or write any property.")
Else
MsgBox ("An error occurred.")
End If
下列 C++ 程式代碼範例會設定 ACE，授與信任者讀取或寫入物件上任何屬性的許可權。 程式代碼範例假設 pObject 和 szTrustee 設定為有效值。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 設定對象的訪問許可權。
HRESULT hr;
IADs *pObject;
LPWSTR szTrustee;
hr = SetRight(
pObject, // IADs pointer to the object
ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP | ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP,
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED,
0, // Not inheritable
NULL, // No object type GUID
NULL, // No inherited object type GUID
szTrustee
);
授與或拒絕物件上特定屬性的存取權
此程式代碼範例會呼叫 SetRight 函式，以授與信任者讀取或寫入物件上特定屬性的許可權。 請注意，您必須指定 屬性的schemaIDGUID，而且您必須指定 ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT，以指出這是物件特定的ACE。 此程式代碼範例也會指定 ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ACE 旗標，指出 ACE 可由子物件繼承。
' Grant trustee the right to read the Telephone-Number property
' of all child objects in the Users container.
' {bf967a49-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is the schemaIDGUID of
' the Telephone-Number property.
bResult = SetRight objectDN, _
ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP Or ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP, _
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT, _
ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ACE, _
"{bf967a49-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}", _
vbNullString, _
"someone@fabrikam.com" ' Trustee
If bResult = True Then
MsgBox ("The trustee can read the telephone number property.")
Else
MsgBox ("An error occurred.")
End If
// Grant trustee the right to read the Telephone-Number property
// of all child objects in the Users container.
// {bf967a49-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is the schemaIDGUID of
// the Telephone-Number property.
hr = SetRight(
pObject, // IADs pointer to the object.
ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP | ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP,
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT,
ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ACE,
L"{bf967a49-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}",
NULL, // No inherited object type GUID.
szTrustee
);
授與或拒絕物件上一組屬性的存取權
此程式代碼範例會呼叫 SetRight 函式，以授與信任者讀取或寫入物件上特定屬性集的許可權。 指定 ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT ，表示這是物件特定的 ACE。
屬性集是由 Configuration 數據分割之 Extended Rights 容器中的 controlAccessRight 物件所定義。 若要識別 ACE 中設定的屬性，請指定 controlAccessRight 物件的 rightsGUID 屬性。 請注意，這個屬性集 GUID 也會設定在屬性集中包含的每個 attributeSchema 物件的 attributeSecurityGUID 屬性中。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 控制訪問許可權。
此程式代碼範例也會指定繼承旗標，這些旗標會將 ACE 設定為可繼承的子物件，但在立即物件上無效。 此外，此範例會指定User類別的 GUID，這表示 ACE 只能由該類別的物件繼承。
' Grant trustee permission to read or write a set of properties.
' {77B5B886-944A-11d1-AEBD-0000F80367C1} is a GUID that identifies
' a property set.
' {bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is a GUID that identifies the
' User class, so this ACE is inherited only by objects of that class.
bResult = SetRight objectDN, _
ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP Or ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP, _
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT, _
ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ACE Or ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ONLY_ACE, _
"{77B5B886-944A-11d1-AEBD-0000F80367C1}", _
"{bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}", _
"someone@fabrikam.com" ' Trustee
If bResult = True Then
MsgBox ("The trustee can read or write a set of properties.")
Else
MsgBox ("An error occurred.")
End If
// Grant trustee the right to read or write a set of properties.
// {77B5B886-944A-11d1-AEBD-0000F80367C1} is a GUID that identifies
// a property set (rightsGUID of a controlAccessRight object).
// {bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is the schemaIDGUID of the
// User class, so this ACE is inherited only by objects of that class.
hr = SetRight(
pObject, // IADs pointer to the object.
ADS_RIGHT_READ_PROP | ADS_RIGHT_WRITE_PROP,
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT,
ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ACE | ADS_ACEFLAG_INHERIT_ONLY_ACE,
L"{77B5B886-944A-11d1-AEBD-0000F80367C1}",
L"{bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}",
szTrustee
);
授與或拒絕建立特定類型子對象的許可權
下列程式代碼範例會呼叫 SetRight 函式，將指定信任項授與指定物件下子樹中建立和刪除 User 對象的許可權。 請注意，此範例會指定User類別的 GUID，這表示 ACE 只允許信任項建立 User 物件，而不是其他類別的物件。 指定 ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT ，表示這是物件特定的 ACE。
' Grant trustee the right to create or delete User objects
' in the specified object.
' {bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is a GUID that identifies the
' User class.
bResult = SetRight objectDN, _
ADS_RIGHT_DS_CREATE_CHILD Or ADS_RIGHT_DS_DELETE_CHILD, _
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT, _
0, _
"{bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}", _
vbNullString, _
"jeffsmith@fabrikam.com" 'trustee
If bResult = True Then
MsgBox ("The trustee can create or delete User objects.")
Else
MsgBox ("An error occurred.")
End If
// Grant trustee the right to create or delete User objects
// in the specified object.
// {bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} is the schemaIDGUID of the
// User class.
hr = SetRight(
pObject, // IADs pointer to the object.
ADS_RIGHT_DS_CREATE_CHILD | ADS_RIGHT_DS_DELETE_CHILD,
ADS_ACETYPE_ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT,
0, // Not inheritable.
L"{bf967aba-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2}",
NULL, // No inherited object type GUID.
szTrustee
);
如需詳細資訊，以及預先定義屬性或類別的 schemaIDGUID，請參閱 Active Directory 架構參考中的屬性或類別參考頁面。 如需詳細資訊，以及可用來以程序設計方式取得 schemaIDGUID 的程式碼範例，請參閱 Reading attributeSchema 和 classSchema Objects。
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