應用程式應如何使用顯示規範

若要顯示 Active Directory Domain Service 物件，請使用顯示規範來取得類別和屬性物件的當地語系化顯示數據。 這可讓使用本地化的顯示名稱和圖示，並避免不必要的顯示數據本地語系化。

顯示名稱

適當地區設定的顯示規範對象的 classDisplayName 和 attributeDisplayNames 屬性，應該用來取得類別和屬性名稱的顯示文字。 請勿使用 cn、classDisplayName 或 ldapDisplayName 屬性的 classSchema 或 attributeSchema 物件來取得顯示文字標籤，因為這些值並未當地語系化。 如需如何擷取類別物件本地化文字的詳細資訊，請參閱下列範例程序代碼。

圖示

適用於適當語系的顯示規範物件的 iconPath 屬性應該用來取得類別物件的圖示。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱 類別圖示。 如果未為類別物件指定本地化圖示，應該會顯示項目的預設圖示。

建立新物件

可能的話，請使用適當的物件建立精靈來建立新的物件。 如需詳細資訊，請參閱從您的應用程式 叫用建立精靈。

下列程式代碼範例示範如何取得類別的顯示文字和 類別的屬性。

#include <atlbase.h>

/**************************************************************************

    GetClassDisplaySpecifierContainer()

**************************************************************************/

HRESULT GetClassDisplaySpecifierContainer(LPWSTR pwszClass, 
                                          LCID locale, 
                                          IADs **ppads)
{
    if((NULL == pwszClass) || (NULL == ppads))
    {
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    }

    *ppads = NULL;
    
    // If no locale is specified, use the default system locale.
    if(0 == locale)
    {
        locale = GetSystemDefaultLCID();
        if(0 == locale)
        {
            return E_FAIL;
        }
    }
 
    // Verify that it is a valid locale.
    if(!IsValidLocale(locale, LCID_SUPPORTED))
    {
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    }
 
    HRESULT hr;
    IADs *padsRoot = NULL;
 
    hr = ADsOpenObject( L"LDAP://rootDSE",
                        NULL,
                        NULL,
                        ADS_SECURE_AUTHENTICATION,
                        IID_IADs,
                        (void**)&padsRoot);
 
    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        VARIANT var;

        VariantInit(&var);

        // Get the DN to the configuration container.
        hr = padsRoot->Get(CComBSTR(L"configurationNamingContext"), &var);
        
        if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            WCHAR wszPath[MAX_PATH * 2];

            // Build the string to bind to the container for the
            // specified locale in the DisplaySpecifiers container.
            swprintf_s(wszPath, 
                L"LDAP://cn=%s-Display,cn=%x,cn=DisplaySpecifiers,%s", 
                pwszClass, 
                locale, 
                var.bstrVal);

            VariantClear(&var);
            
            // Bind to the container.
            hr = ADsOpenObject( wszPath,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                ADS_SECURE_AUTHENTICATION,
                                IID_IADs,
                                (void**)ppads);
 
        }

        padsRoot->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}

/**************************************************************************

    GetClassDisplayLabel()

**************************************************************************/

HRESULT GetClassDisplayLabel(LPWSTR pwszClass, 
                             LCID locale, 
                             BSTR *pbstrClassLabel)
{
    if((NULL == pwszClass) || (NULL == pbstrClassLabel))
    {
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    }

    *pbstrClassLabel = NULL;
    
    HRESULT hr;
    IADs *padsDispSpec;
    hr = GetClassDisplaySpecifierContainer(pwszClass, locale, &padsDispSpec);
    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        VARIANT var;

        VariantInit(&var);

        // Get the classDisplayName property value.
        hr = padsDispSpec->Get(CComBSTR(L"classDisplayName"), &var);
        
        if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            if(VT_BSTR == var.vt)
            {
                // Do not free the BSTR. The caller will handle it.
                *pbstrClassLabel = var.bstrVal;
            }
            else
            {
                VariantClear(&var);
                hr = E_FAIL;
            }
        }
        
        padsDispSpec->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}

/**************************************************************************

    GetAttributeDisplayLabel()

**************************************************************************/

HRESULT GetAttributeDisplayLabel(LPWSTR pwszClass, 
                                 LPWSTR pwszAttribute, 
                                 LCID locale, 
                                 BSTR *pbstrAttributeLabel)
{
    if( (NULL == pwszClass) || 
        (NULL == pwszAttribute) || 
        (NULL == pbstrAttributeLabel))
    {
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    }

    *pbstrAttributeLabel = NULL;
    
    HRESULT hr;
    IADs *padsDispSpec;
    hr = GetClassDisplaySpecifierContainer(pwszClass, locale, &padsDispSpec);
    if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        VARIANT var;

        VariantInit(&var);

        // Get the attributeDisplayNames property values
        hr = padsDispSpec->GetEx(CComBSTR(L"attributeDisplayNames"), &var);
        
        if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            LONG        lStart, 
                        lEnd,
                        i;
            SAFEARRAY   *psa;
            VARIANT     varItem;

            VariantInit(&varItem);

            psa = V_ARRAY(&var);

            // Get the lower and upper bound.
            hr = SafeArrayGetLBound(psa, 1, &lStart);
            hr = SafeArrayGetUBound(psa, 1, &lEnd);

            /*
            The attributeDisplayNames values take the form 
            "<attribute name>,<display name>". Enumerate the values, looking 
            for the one that begins with the specified attribute name.
            */
            for(i = lStart; i <= lEnd; i++)
            {
                hr = SafeArrayGetElement(psa, &i, &varItem);
                if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
                {
                    WCHAR   wszTemp[MAX_PATH];

                    wcsncpy_s(wszTemp, 
                        V_BSTR(&varItem), 
                        lstrlenW(pwszAttribute) + 1);
                
                    if(0 == lstrcmpiW(pwszAttribute, wszTemp))
                    {
                        LPWSTR  pwszDisplayLabel;

                        /*
                        The proper value was found. Now, parse the value, looking 
                        for the first comma, which delimits the attribute name 
                        from the display name.
                        */
                        for(    pwszDisplayLabel = V_BSTR(&varItem); 
                                *pwszDisplayLabel; 
                                pwszDisplayLabel = CharNextW(pwszDisplayLabel))
                        {
                            if(',' == *pwszDisplayLabel)
                            {
                                /*
                                The delimiter was found. Set the string 
                                pointer to the next character, which is the 
                                first character of the display name.
                                */
                                pwszDisplayLabel = CharNextW(pwszDisplayLabel);
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        
                        if(*pwszDisplayLabel)
                        {
                            // Copy the display name to the output.
                            *pbstrAttributeLabel = CComBSTR(pwszDisplayLabel).Detach();

                            hr = S_OK;
                        }

                        /*
                        Release the item variant because the break prevents 
                        it from getting released by the VariantClear call below.
                        */
                        VariantClear(&varItem);

                        break;
                    }

                    VariantClear(&varItem);
                }
            }
        }
        
        padsDispSpec->Release();
    }

    return hr;
}