@Leo Johnson Thanks for posting in our Q&A.
As RahulJindal said, there is no direct path to convert BYOD enrollment devices to corporate-owned with work profile devices.
If you want to enroll corporate-owned with work profile devices, it is suggested to remove the BYOD device in intune portal, factory reset the device and then re-enroll the device using Android Enterprise corporate-owned with a work profile enrollment method.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/enrollment/android-corporate-owned-work-profile-enroll
Hope it will help.
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