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Applies to: 
SQL Server on Windows
This article lists the minimum hardware and software requirements to install and run SQL Server 2016 (13.x) and SQL Server 2017 (14.x) on the Windows operating system.
For hardware and software requirements for other versions of SQL Server, see:
Hardware requirements
The following memory and processor requirements apply to all editions of SQL Server:
| Component | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Storage | SQL Server requires a minimum of 6 GB of available hard drive space. Drive space requirements vary with the SQL Server components you install. For more information, see Drive space requirements later in this article. For information on supported storage types for data files, see Storage types for data files. Installing SQL Server on computers with the NTFS or ReFS file formats is recommended. While the FAT32 file system is supported, it's less secure than NTFS or ReFS. Read-only, mapped, or compressed drives are blocked during installation. |
| Drive | A DVD drive, as appropriate, is required for installation from disk. |
| Monitor | SQL Server requires Super-VGA (800x600) or higher resolution monitor. |
| Internet | Internet functionality requires Internet access (fees can apply). |
| Memory 1 | |
| Minimum memory | - Express editions: 512 MB - All other editions: 1 GB |
| Recommended memory | - Express editions: 1 GB - All other editions: At least 4 GB, and should be increased as database size increases to ensure optimal performance. |
| Processor | |
| Processor type | x64 processor. All Intel and AMD x86-64 CPUs with up to 64 cores per NUMA node. |
| Minimum speed | 1.4 GHz |
| Recommended speed | 2.0 GHz or faster |
1 The minimum memory required for installing the Data Quality Server component in Data Quality Services (DQS) is 2 GB of RAM, which is different from the SQL Server minimum memory requirement. For information about installing DQS, see Install Data Quality Services.
Note
Installation of SQL Server is supported on x64 processors only. Installation on x86 processors is no longer supported.
Software requirements
The table in this section lists the minimum software requirements for running SQL Server. There are also recommended configuration options for optimal performance.
The following requirements apply to all installations:
| Component | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Operating system | - Windows 8 or greater - Windows Server 2012 or greater |
| .NET Framework | SQL Server requires .NET Framework 4.6 for the Database Engine, Master Data Services, or Replication. SQL Server setup automatically installs .NET Framework. See .NET Framework installation. |
| Network software | Supported operating systems for SQL Server have built-in network software. Named and default instances of a stand-alone installation support the following network protocols: Shared memory, Named Pipes, TCP/IP, and VIA1. |
1 VIA protocol isn't supported on failover clusters. Clients or applications running on the same node of the failover cluster as the SQL Server instance, can use Shared Memory protocol to connect to SQL Server using its local pipe address. However this type of connection isn't cluster-aware and fails after an instance failover. It's therefore not recommended and should only be used in specific scenarios.
Important
The VIA protocol is deprecated. This feature will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature. For more information about network protocols and libraries, see Network protocols and network libraries.
SQL Server Setup installs the following software components required by the product:
- SQL Server Native Client
- SQL Server Setup support files
Important
The PolyBase feature has additional hardware and software requirements. For more information, see Data virtualization with PolyBase in SQL Server.
.NET Framework installation
You can manually install .NET Framework from Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6 (Web Installer) for Windows.
For more information, recommendations, and guidance about .NET Framework 4.6 see .NET Framework Deployment Guide for Developers.
Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 require KB2919355 before installing .NET Framework 4.6.
Note
Support for .NET Framework 4.5.2, 4.6, and 4.6.1 ended on April 26, 2022.
SQL Server 2016 (13.x) and SQL Server 2017 (14.x) require .NET Framework 4.6 for Database Engine, Master Data Services, or Replication (SQL Server setup automatically installs .NET Framework).
You can upgrade to .NET 4.8 Framework or directly install .NET 4.8 Framework. All frameworks with major version 4.x do an in-place upgrade, and they are backward compatible.
For more information, check Download .NET Framework 4.8 | Free official downloads (microsoft.com).
Operating system support for SQL Server 2017
The following table shows which editions of SQL Server 2017 (14.x) are compatible with which versions of Windows. You can also use the support lifecycle information to see if your version of Windows is supported.
| SQL Server edition: | Enterprise | Developer | Standard | Web | Express |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows Server 2022 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2022 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2022 Datacenter: Azure Edition | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2022 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2019 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2016 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2012 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Foundation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows 11 IoT Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 11 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 11 Professional | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 11 Home | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 IoT Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Professional | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Home | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Pro | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8 Pro | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8 | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
Server Core support for SQL Server 2017
The following editions of Windows Server Core support installing SQL Server 2017 (14.x):
- Windows Server 2022 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2022 Datacenter: Azure edition
- Windows Server 2022 Standard
- Windows Server 2019 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2019 Standard
- Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2016 Standard
- Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard
- Windows Server 2012 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2012 Standard
For more information about installing SQL Server on Server Core, see Install SQL Server on Server Core.
Note
You can't install SQL Server on a Windows OS when case sensitivity is enabled. For more information, see SQL Server isn't supported on a Windows operating system on which case sensitivity is enabled.
Operating system support for SQL Server 2016
The following table shows which editions of SQL Server 2016 (13.x) are compatible with which versions of Windows. You can also use the support lifecycle information to see if your version of Windows is supported.
| SQL Server edition: | Enterprise | Developer | Standard | Web | Express |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows Server 2019 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2019 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2016 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 (Support lifecycle) | |||||
| Windows Server 2012 Datacenter | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Standard | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Essentials | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows Server 2012 Foundation | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Windows 11 IoT Enterprise | No | No | No | No | No |
| Windows 11 Enterprise | No | No | No | No | No |
| Windows 11 Professional | No | No | No | No | No |
| Windows 11 Home | No | No | No | No | No |
| Windows 10 IoT Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Professional | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 10 Home | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Pro | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8.1 Enterprise | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8 Pro | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
| Windows 8 | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
For minimum version requirements to install SQL Server on Windows Server 2012 or Windows 8, see Version requirements for SQL Server in Windows operating system.
Server Core support for SQL Server 2016
The following editions of Windows Server Core support installing SQL Server 2016 (13.x):
- Windows Server 2019 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2019 Standard
- Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2016 Standard
- Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard
- Windows Server 2012 Datacenter
- Windows Server 2012 Standard
For more information about installing SQL Server on Server Core, see Install SQL Server on Server Core.
Note
You can't install SQL Server on a Windows OS when case sensitivity is enabled. For more information, see SQL Server isn't supported on a Windows operating system on which case sensitivity is enabled.
WOW64 support
WOW64 (Windows 32-bit on Windows 64-bit) is a feature of 64-bit editions of Windows that enables 32-bit applications to run natively in 32-bit mode. Applications function in 32-bit mode, even though the underlying operating system is a 64-bit operating system. WOW64 isn't supported for SQL Server installations. However, Management Tools are supported in WOW64.
Features supported on 32-bit client Operating Systems
Windows client operating systems, for example Windows 10 and Windows 8.1 are available as 32-bit or 64-bit architectures. All SQL Server features are supported on 64-bit client operating systems. On supported 32-bit client operating systems Microsoft supports the following features:
- Data Quality Client
- Client Tools Connectivity
- Integration Services
- Client Tools Backward Compatibility
- Client Tools SDK
- Documentation Components
- Distributed Replay Components
- Distributed Replay Controller
- Distributed Replay Client
- SQL Client Connectivity SDK
Windows Server 2008 R2 and later server operating systems aren't available as 32-bit architectures. All supported server operating systems are only available as 64-bit. All features are supported on 64-bit server operating systems.
Cross-language support
For more information about cross-language support and considerations for installing SQL Server in localized languages, see Local language versions in SQL Server.
Drive space requirements
During installation of SQL Server, Windows Installer creates temporary files on the system drive. Before you run Setup to install or upgrade SQL Server, verify that you have at least 6 GB of available drive space on the system drive for these files. This requirement applies even if you install SQL Server components to a non-default drive.
Actual hard drive space requirements depend on your system configuration and the features that you decide to install. The following table provides drive space requirements for SQL Server components.
| Feature | Drive space requirement |
|---|---|
| Database Engine and data files, Replication, Full-Text Search, and Data Quality Services | 1,480 MB |
| Database Engine (as preceding row) with R Services (In-Database) | 2,744 MB |
| Database Engine (as preceding row) with PolyBase Query Service for External Data | 4,194 MB |
| Analysis Services and data files | 698 MB |
| Reporting Services | 967 MB |
| Microsoft R Server (Standalone) | 280 MB |
| Reporting Services - SharePoint | 1,203 MB |
| Reporting Services Add-in for SharePoint Products | 325 MB |
| Data Quality Client | 121 MB |
| Client Tools Connectivity | 328 MB |
| Integration Services | 306 MB |
| Client Components (other than SQL Server Books Online components and Integration Services tools) | 445 MB |
| Master Data Services | 280 MB |
| SQL Server Books Online Components to view and manage help content 1 | 27 MB |
| All features | 8,030 MB |
1 The drive space requirement for downloaded Books Online content is 200 MB.
Storage types for data files
The supported storage types for data files are:
Local disk
SQL Server currently supports disk drives that have standard native sector sizes of 512 bytes and 4 KB. For more information about support for larger sector sizes and manufacturer implementations, see the section "4-KB disk sector sizes" in the white paper SQLIOBasicsCh2.doc. You can download the whitepaper from the Download section of the SQL Server I/O Basics, Chapter 2 article.
If you use advanced format disks that are physically formatted with 4,096 bytes, but expose a logical sector size of 512 bytes, you can read more about the behavior and recommendations in the Tech Community article SQL Server - New drives use 4K sector size.
Hard drives with sector sizes larger than 4 KB might cause errors when you attempt to store SQL Server data files on them. For more information on hard drive sector-size support in SQL Server, see Troubleshoot SQL Server errors related to system disk sector size greater than 4 KB. Currently, the
ForcedPhysicalSectorSizeInBytesregistry key is required to successfully install SQL Server on some newer storage devices with system disk sector size greater than 4 KB.SQL Server failover cluster installation supports Local Disk only for installing the
tempdbfiles. Ensure that the path specified for thetempdbdata and log files is valid on all the cluster nodes. During failover, if thetempdbdirectories aren't available on the failover target node, the SQL Server resource fails to come online.
Shared storage
SMB file share
SMB storage isn't supported for Analysis Services data files for either standalone or clustered installations. Use direct attached storage, a storage area network, or S2D instead.
SMB storage can be hosted by a Windows File Server or a third-party SMB storage device. If you use Windows File Server, the version should be 2008 or later. For more information about installing SQL Server using SMB file share as a storage option, see Install SQL Server with SMB fileshare storage.
Install SQL Server on a domain controller
For security reasons, don't install SQL Server on a domain controller. SQL Server Setup doesn't block installation on a computer that is a domain controller, but the following limitations apply:
You can't run SQL Server services on a domain controller under a local service account.
After you install SQL Server on a computer, you can't change the computer from a domain member to a domain controller. You must uninstall SQL Server before you change the host computer to a domain controller.
After you install SQL Server on a computer, you can't change the computer from a domain controller to a domain member. You must uninstall SQL Server before you change the host computer to a domain member.
SQL Server failover cluster instances aren't supported where cluster nodes are domain controllers.
SQL Server isn't supported on a read-only domain controller. SQL Server Setup can't create security groups or SQL Server service accounts on a read-only domain controller. In this scenario, Setup fails.
Note
This restriction also applies to installations on domain member nodes.
A SQL Server failover cluster instance isn't supported in an environment where only a read-only domain controller is accessible.
Note
This restriction also applies to installations on domain member nodes.
Installation media
Get relevant installation media from the following locations:
Alternatively, you can deploy SQL Server on an Azure virtual machine in the Azure portal. Because of the overhead of virtualization, virtual machines can be slower than running natively.