sys.dm_clr_appdomains (Transact-SQL)

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02/28/2023

Applies to: SQL Server

Returns a row for each application domain in the server. Application domain (AppDomain) is a construct in the Microsoft .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR) that is the unit of isolation for an application. You can use this view to understand and troubleshoot CLR integration objects that are executing in Microsoft SQL Server.

There are several types of CLR integration managed database objects. For general information about these objects, see Building Database Objects with Common Language Runtime (CLR) Integration. Whenever these objects are executed, SQL Server creates an AppDomain under which it can load and execute the required code. The isolation level for an AppDomain is one AppDomain per database per owner. That is, all CLR objects owned by a user are always executed in the same AppDomain per-database (if a user registers CLR database objects in different databases, the CLR database objects will run in different application domains). An AppDomain isn't destroyed after the code finishes execution. Instead, it's cached in memory for future executions. This improves performance.

For more information, see Application Domains.

Column name	Data type	Description
appdomain_address	varbinary(8)	Address of the AppDomain. All managed database objects owned by a user are always loaded in the same AppDomain. You can use this column to look up all the assemblies currently loaded in this AppDomain in sys.dm_clr_loaded_assemblies.
appdomain_id	int	ID of the AppDomain. Each AppDomain has a unique ID.
appdomain_name	varchar(386)	Name of the AppDomain as assigned by SQL Server.
creation_time	datetime	Time when the AppDomain was created. Because AppDomains are cached and reused for better performance, creation_time isn't necessarily the time when the code was executed.
db_id	int	ID of the database in which this AppDomain was created. Code stored in two different databases can't share one AppDomain.
user_id	int	ID of the user whose objects can execute in this AppDomain.
state	nvarchar(128)	A descriptor for the current state of the AppDomain. An AppDomain can be in different states from creation to deletion. See the Remarks section of this article for more information.
strong_refcount	int	Number of strong references to this AppDomain. This reflects the number of currently executing batches that use this AppDomain. Execution of this view will create a strong refcount; even if is no code currently executing, strong_refcount will have a value of 1.
weak_refcount	int	Number of weak references to this AppDomain. This indicates how many objects inside the AppDomain are cached. When you execute a managed database object, SQL Server caches it inside the AppDomain for future reuse. This improves performance.
cost	int	Cost of the AppDomain. The higher the cost, the more likely this AppDomain is to be unloaded under memory pressure. Cost usually depends on how much memory is required to re-create this AppDomain.
value	int	Value of the AppDomain. The lower the value, the more likely this AppDomain is to be unloaded under memory pressure. Value usually depends on how many connections or batches are using this AppDomain.
total_processor_time_ms	bigint	Total processor time, in milliseconds, used by all threads while executing in the current application domain since the process started. This is equivalent to System.AppDomain.MonitoringTotalProcessorTime.
total_allocated_memory_kb	bigint	Total size, in kilobytes, of all memory allocations that have been made by the application domain since it was created, without subtracting memory that has been collected. This is equivalent to System.AppDomain.MonitoringTotalAllocatedMemorySize.
survived_memory_kb	bigint	Number of kilobytes that survived the last full, blocking collection and that are known to be referenced by the current application domain. This is equivalent to System.AppDomain.MonitoringSurvivedMemorySize.

Remarks

There's a one-to-many relationship between dm_clr_appdomains.appdomain_address and dm_clr_loaded_assemblies.appdomain_address.

The following tables list possible state values, their descriptions, and when they occur in the AppDomain lifecycle. You can use this information to follow the lifecycle of an AppDomain and to watch for suspicious or repetitive AppDomain instances unloading, without having to parse the Windows Event Log.

AppDomain Initialization

State	Description
E_APPDOMAIN_CREATING	The AppDomain is being created.

AppDomain Usage

State	Description
E_APPDOMAIN_SHARED	The runtime AppDomain is ready for use by multiple users.
E_APPDOMAIN_SINGLEUSER	The AppDomain is ready for use in DDL operations. These differ from E_APPDOMAIN_SHARED in that shared AppDomains are used for CLR integration executions as opposed to DDL operations. Such AppDomains are isolated from other concurrent operations.
E_APPDOMAIN_DOOMED	The AppDomain is scheduled to be unloaded, but there are currently threads executing in it.

AppDomain Cleanup

State	Description
E_APPDOMAIN_UNLOADING	SQL Server has requested that the CLR unload the AppDomain, usually because the assembly that contains the managed database objects has been altered or dropped.
E_APPDOMAIN_UNLOADED	The CLR has unloaded the AppDomain. This is usually the result of an escalation procedure due to ThreadAbort, OutOfMemory, or an unhandled exception in user code.
E_APPDOMAIN_ENQUEUE_DESTROY	The AppDomain has been unloaded in CLR and set to be destroyed by SQL Server.
E_APPDOMAIN_DESTROY	The AppDomain is in the process of being destroyed by SQL Server.
E_APPDOMAIN_ZOMBIE	The AppDomain has been destroyed by SQL Server; however, not all of the references to the AppDomain have been cleaned up.

Permissions

Requires VIEW SERVER STATE permission on the database.

Permissions for SQL Server 2022 and later

Requires VIEW SERVER PERFORMANCE STATE permission on the server.

Examples

The following example shows how to view the details of an AppDomain for a given assembly:

select appdomain_id, creation_time, db_id, user_id, state  
from sys.dm_clr_appdomains a  
where appdomain_address =   
(select appdomain_address   
 from sys.dm_clr_loaded_assemblies  
   where assembly_id = 500);

The following example shows how to view all assemblies in a given AppDomain:

select a.name, a.assembly_id, a.permission_set_desc, a.is_visible, a.create_date, l.load_time   
from sys.dm_clr_loaded_assemblies as l   
inner join sys.assemblies as a  
on l.assembly_id = a.assembly_id  
where l.appdomain_address =   
(select appdomain_address   
from sys.dm_clr_appdomains  
where appdomain_id = 15);

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