Administración de servicios y configuración de red con el proveedor WMI
Se aplica a: 
SQL Server 2022 (16.x)
El proveedor WMI es una interfaz publicada que usa Microsoft Management Console (MMC) para administrar los servicios y protocolos de red de SQL Server. En SMO, el ManagedComputer objeto representa el proveedor WMI.
El ManagedComputer objeto funciona independientemente de la conexión establecida con el Server objeto a una instancia de SQL Server y usa credenciales de Windows para conectarse al servicio WMI.
Ejemplos
Para usar cualquier ejemplo de código que se proporcione, elija el entorno de programación, la plantilla y el lenguaje en el que se va a crear la aplicación. Para obtener más información, vea How to Create a Visual C# SMO Project in Visual Studio .NET (Cómo crear un proyecto de SMO de Visual C# en Visual Studio .NET).
Para los programas que usan el proveedor WMI de SQL Server, debe incluir la Imports instrucción para calificar el espacio de nombres WMI. Inserte la instrucción después de las demás instrucciones Imports, antes de cualquier declaración de la aplicación, como:
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi
Detener y reiniciar el servicio SQL Server en Visual Basic
En este ejemplo de código se muestra cómo detener e iniciar servicios utilizando el objeto ManagedComputer de SMO. Esto proporciona una interfaz al proveedor WMI para Configuration Management.
'Declare and create an instance of the ManagedComputer object that represents the WMI provider services.
Dim mc As ManagedComputer
mc = New ManagedComputer()
'Iterate through each service registered with the WMI provider.
Dim svc As Service
For Each svc In mc.Services
Console.WriteLine(svc.Name)
Next
'Reference the SQL Server service.
svc = mc.Services("MSSQLSERVER")
'Stop the service if it is running and report on the status continuously until it has stopped.
If svc.ServiceState = ServiceState.Running Then
svc.Stop()
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))
Do Until String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState) = "Stopped"
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState))
svc.Refresh()
Loop
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))
'Start the service and report on the status continuously until it has started.
svc.Start()
Do Until String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState) = "Running"
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0}", svc.ServiceState))
svc.Refresh()
Loop
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("{0} service state is {1}", svc.Name, svc.ServiceState))
Else
Console.WriteLine("SQL Server service is not running.")
End If
Habilitación de un protocolo de servidor mediante una cadena URN en Visual Basic
En el ejemplo de código se muestra cómo identificar un protocolo de servidor mediante un objeto URN y, a continuación, se habilita el protocolo.
'This program must run with administrator privileges.
'Declare the ManagedComputer WMI interface.
Dim mc As New ManagedComputer()
'Create a URN object that represents the TCP server protocol.
Dim u As New Urn("ManagedComputer[@Name='V-ROBMA3']/ServerInstance[@Name='MSSQLSERVER']/ServerProtocol[@Name='Tcp']")
'Declare the serverProtocol variable and return the ServerProtocol object.
Dim sp As ServerProtocol
sp = mc.GetSmoObject(u)
'Enable the protocol.
sp.IsEnabled = True
'propagate back to the service
sp.Alter()
Habilitación de un protocolo de servidor mediante una cadena URN en PowerShell
En el ejemplo de código se muestra cómo identificar un protocolo de servidor mediante un objeto URN y, a continuación, se habilita el protocolo.
#This example shows how to identify a server protocol using a URN object, and then enable the protocol
#This program must run with administrator privileges.
#Load the assembly containing the classes used in this example
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlWmiManagement")
#Get a managed computer instance
$mc = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer
#Create a URN object that represents the TCP server protocol
#Change 'MyPC' to the name of the your computer
$urn = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Sdk.Sfc.Urn -argumentlist "ManagedComputer[@Name='MyPC']/ServerInstance[@Name='MSSQLSERVER']/ServerProtocol[@Name='Tcp']"
#Get the protocol object
$sp = $mc.GetSmoObject($urn)
#enable the protocol on the object
$sp.IsEnabled = $true
#propagate back to actual service
$sp.Alter()
Iniciar y detener un servicio en C#
En el ejemplo de código se muestra cómo se detiene e inicia una instancia de SQL Server.
//Declare and create an instance of the ManagedComputer
//object that represents the WMI provider services.
ManagedComputer mc;
mc = new ManagedComputer();
//Iterate through each service registered with the WMI provider.
foreach (Service svc in mc.Services)
{
Console.WriteLine(svc.Name);
}
//Reference the SQL Server service.
Service mySvc = mc.Services["MSSQLSERVER"];
//Stop the service if it is running and report on the status
// continuously until it has stopped.
if (mySvc.ServiceState == ServiceState.Running)
{
mySvc.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
while (!(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState) == "Stopped"))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState));
mySvc.Refresh();
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
//Start the service and report on the status continuously
//until it has started.
mySvc.Start();
while (!(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState) == "Running"))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}", mySvc.ServiceState));
mySvc.Refresh();
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} service state is {1}", mySvc.Name, mySvc.ServiceState));
Console.ReadLine();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("SQL Server service is not running.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
Inicio y detención de un servicio en PowerShell
En el ejemplo de código se muestra cómo se detiene e inicia una instancia de SQL Server.
#Load the assembly containing the objects used in this example
[reflection.assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlWmiManagement")
#Get a managed computer instance
$mc = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Wmi.ManagedComputer
#List out all SQL Server instances running on this mc
foreach ($Item in $mc.Services) { $Item.Name }
#Get the default SQL Server database engine service
$svc = $mc.Services["MSSQLSERVER"]
# for stopping and starting services PowerShell must run as administrator
#Stop this service
$svc.Stop()
$svc.Refresh()
while ($svc.ServiceState -ne "Stopped") {
$svc.Refresh()
$svc.ServiceState
}
"Service" + $svc.Name + " is now stopped"
"Starting " + $svc.Name
$svc.Start()
$svc.Refresh()
while ($svc.ServiceState -ne "Running") {
$svc.Refresh()
$svc.ServiceState
}
$svc.ServiceState
"Service" + $svc.Name + "is now started"