Tahák SQL pro dotazovací jazyk Kusto
Platí pro: ✅Microsoft Fabric✅Azure Data Explorer✅Azure Monitor✅Microsoft Sentinel
Pokud znáte SQL a chcete se seznámit s jazykem KQL, přeložte dotazy SQL do KQL tak, že dotaz SQL předložíte řádkem --
komentáře a klíčovým slovem explain
. Výstup ukazuje verzi dotazu KQL, která vám pomůže pochopit syntaxi AQL a koncepty jazyka KQL.
--
explain
SELECT COUNT_BIG(*) as C FROM StormEvents
Výstup
Dotaz |
---|
StormEvents<br> | summarize C=count()<br> | projekt C |
Stručná nápověda pro převod mezi SQL a Kusto
Následující tabulka ukazuje ukázkové dotazy v SQL a jejich ekvivalenty KQL.
Kategorie | Příkaz jazyka SQL | Dotaz Kusto | Další informace |
---|---|---|---|
Výběr dat z tabulky | SELECT * FROM dependencies |
dependencies |
Příkazy tabulkových výrazů |
-- | SELECT name, resultCode FROM dependencies |
dependencies | project name, resultCode |
projekt |
-- | SELECT TOP 100 * FROM dependencies |
dependencies | take 100 |
vzít |
Vyhodnocení null | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE resultCode IS NOT NULL |
dependencies | where isnotnull(resultCode) |
isnotnull() |
Operátory porovnání (datum) | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE timestamp > getdate()-1 |
dependencies | where timestamp > ago(1d) |
ago() |
-- | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE timestamp BETWEEN ... AND ... |
dependencies | where timestamp between (datetime(2016-10-01) .. datetime(2016-11-01)) |
mezi |
Relační operátory (řetězec) | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE type = "Azure blob" |
dependencies | where type == "Azure blob" |
Logické operátory |
-- | -- substring SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE type like "%blob%" |
// substring dependencies | where type has "blob" |
má |
-- | -- wildcard SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE type like "Azure%" |
// wildcard dependencies | where type startswith "Azure" // or dependencies | where type matches regex "^Azure.*" |
startswith odpovídá regulárnímu výrazu |
Porovnání (logická hodnota) | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE !(success) |
dependencies | where success == False |
Logické operátory |
Seskupení, agregace | SELECT name, AVG(duration) FROM dependencies GROUP BY name |
dependencies | summarize avg(duration) by name |
summarize avg() |
Distinct | SELECT DISTINCT name, type FROM dependencies |
dependencies | summarize by name, type |
Summarize distinct |
-- | SELECT name, COUNT(DISTINCT type) FROM dependencies GROUP BY name |
dependencies | summarize by name, type | summarize count() by name // or approximate for large sets dependencies | summarize dcount(type) by name |
count() dcount() |
Aliasy sloupců, rozšíření | SELECT operationName as Name, AVG(duration) as AvgD FROM dependencies GROUP BY name |
dependencies | summarize AvgD = avg(duration) by Name=operationName |
Příkaz Alias |
-- | SELECT conference, CONCAT(sessionid, ' ' , session_title) AS session FROM ConferenceSessions |
ConferenceSessions | extend session=strcat(sessionid, " ", session_title) | project conference, session |
strcat() project |
Řazení | SELECT name, timestamp FROM dependencies ORDER BY timestamp ASC |
dependencies | project name, timestamp | sort by timestamp asc nulls last |
sort |
Horní n podle míry | SELECT TOP 100 name, COUNT(*) as Count FROM dependencies GROUP BY name ORDER BY Count DESC |
dependencies | summarize Count = count() by name | top 100 by Count desc |
vrchol |
Sjednocení | SELECT * FROM dependencies UNION SELECT * FROM exceptions |
union dependencies, exceptions |
svaz |
-- | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE timestamp > ... UNION SELECT * FROM exceptions WHERE timestamp > ... |
dependencies | where timestamp > ago(1d) | union (exceptions | where timestamp > ago(1d)) |
|
Připojení | SELECT * FROM dependencies LEFT OUTER JOIN exceptions ON dependencies.operation_Id = exceptions.operation_Id |
dependencies | join kind = leftouter (exceptions) on $left.operation_Id == $right.operation_Id |
join |
Vnořené dotazy | SELECT * FROM dependencies WHERE resultCode == (SELECT TOP 1 resultCode FROM dependencies WHERE resultId = 7 ORDER BY timestamp DESC) |
dependencies | where resultCode == toscalar( dependencies | where resultId == 7 | top 1 by timestamp desc | project resultCode) |
toscalar |
Mající | SELECT COUNT(\*) FROM dependencies GROUP BY name HAVING COUNT(\*) > 3 |
dependencies | summarize Count = count() by name | where Count > 3 |
sumarizovat , kde |
Související obsah
- Použití T-SQL k dotazování dat