How to: Retrieve Input and Output Parameters Using the SQLSRV Driver
This topic demonstrates how to use the SQLSRV driver to call a stored procedure in which one parameter has been defined as an input/output parameter, and how to retrieve the results. When retrieving an output or input/output parameter, all results returned by the stored procedure must be consumed before the returned parameter value is accessible.
Note
Variables that are initialized or updated to null, DateTime, or stream types cannot be used as output parameters.
Example 1
The following example calls a stored procedure that subtracts used vacation hours from the available vacation hours of a specified employee. The variable that represents used vacation hours, $vacationHrs, is passed to the stored procedure as an input parameter. After updating the available vacation hours, the stored procedure uses the same parameter to return the number of remaining vacation hours.
Note
Initializing $vacationHrs to 4 sets the returned PHPTYPE to integer. To ensure data type integrity, input/output parameters should be initialized before calling the stored procedure, or the desired PHPTYPE should be specified. For information about specifying the PHPTYPE, see How to: Specify PHP Data Types.
Because the stored procedure returns two results, sqlsrv_next_result must be called after the stored procedure has been executed to make the value of the output parameter available. After calling sqlsrv_next_result, $vacationHrs contains the value of the output parameter returned by the stored procedure.
Note
Calling stored procedures using canonical syntax is the recommended practice. For more information about canonical syntax, see Calling a Stored Procedure.
The example assumes that SQL Server and the AdventureWorks database are installed on the local computer. All output is written to the console when the example is run from the command line.
<?php
/* Connect to the local server using Windows Authentication and
specify the AdventureWorks database as the database in use. */
$serverName = "(local)";
$connectionInfo = array( "Database"=>"AdventureWorks");
$conn = sqlsrv_connect( $serverName, $connectionInfo);
if( $conn === false )
{
echo "Could not connect.\n";
die( print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));
}
/* Drop the stored procedure if it already exists. */
$tsql_dropSP = "IF OBJECT_ID('SubtractVacationHours', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE SubtractVacationHours";
$stmt1 = sqlsrv_query( $conn, $tsql_dropSP);
if( $stmt1 === false )
{
echo "Error in executing statement 1.\n";
die( print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));
}
/* Create the stored procedure. */
$tsql_createSP = "CREATE PROCEDURE SubtractVacationHours
@EmployeeID int,
@VacationHrs smallint OUTPUT
AS
UPDATE HumanResources.Employee
SET VacationHours = VacationHours - @VacationHrs
WHERE EmployeeID = @EmployeeID;
SET @VacationHrs = (SELECT VacationHours
FROM HumanResources.Employee
WHERE EmployeeID = @EmployeeID)";
$stmt2 = sqlsrv_query( $conn, $tsql_createSP);
if( $stmt2 === false )
{
echo "Error in executing statement 2.\n";
die( print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));
}
/*--------- The next few steps call the stored procedure. ---------*/
/* Define the Transact-SQL query. Use question marks (?) in place of
the parameters to be passed to the stored procedure */
$tsql_callSP = "{call SubtractVacationHours( ?, ?)}";
/* Define the parameter array. By default, the first parameter is an
INPUT parameter. The second parameter is specified as an INOUT
parameter. Initializing $vacationHrs to 8 sets the returned PHPTYPE to
integer. To ensure data type integrity, output parameters should be
initialized before calling the stored procedure, or the desired
PHPTYPE should be specified in the $params array.*/
$employeeId = 4;
$vacationHrs = 8;
$params = array(
array($employeeId, SQLSRV_PARAM_IN),
array(&$vacationHrs, SQLSRV_PARAM_INOUT)
);
/* Execute the query. */
$stmt3 = sqlsrv_query( $conn, $tsql_callSP, $params);
if( $stmt3 === false )
{
echo "Error in executing statement 3.\n";
die( print_r( sqlsrv_errors(), true));
}
/* Display the value of the output parameter $vacationHrs. */
sqlsrv_next_result($stmt3);
echo "Remaining vacation hours: ".$vacationHrs;
/*Free the statement and connection resources. */
sqlsrv_free_stmt( $stmt1);
sqlsrv_free_stmt( $stmt2);
sqlsrv_free_stmt( $stmt3);
sqlsrv_close( $conn);
?>
Note
When binding an input/output parameter to a bigint type, if the value may end up outside the range of an integer, you will need to specify its SQL field type as SQLSRV_SQLTYPE_BIGINT. Otherwise, it may result in a "value out of range" exception.
Example 2
This code sample shows how to bind a large bigint value as an input/output parameter.
<?php
$serverName = "(local)";
$connectionInfo = array("Database"=>"testDB");
$conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionInfo);
if ($conn === false) {
echo "Could not connect.\n";
die(print_r(sqlsrv_errors(), true));
}
// Assume the stored procedure spTestProcedure exists, which retrieves a bigint value of some large number
// e.g. 9223372036854
$bigintOut = 0;
$outSql = "{CALL spTestProcedure (?)}";
$stmt = sqlsrv_prepare($conn, $outSql, array(array(&$bigintOut, SQLSRV_PARAM_INOUT, null, SQLSRV_SQLTYPE_BIGINT)));
sqlsrv_execute($stmt);
echo "$bigintOut\n"; // Expect 9223372036854
sqlsrv_free_stmt($stmt);
sqlsrv_close($conn);
?>
See Also
How to: Specify Parameter Direction Using the SQLSRV Driver