Microsoft 365 features that help users manage their subscriptions, account settings, and billing information.
Based on the details you provided, I understand that you have recently switched to a new phone and your mobile number is already registered for two-factor authentication (2FA). Because of this setup, the app is preventing you from re-registering your school account.
Since 2FA security policies for institutional accounts are managed centrally, you will need to contact your school's IT administrator or help desk. They will be able to reset your 2FA settings from the backend so you can register your new device without any issues.
You can suggest that they check this article for steps on resetting MFA: Manage user authentication methods for Microsoft Entra multifactor authentication
However, please refer the following article to find your IT Admin: Find the administrator for your work or school account