Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult> Delegate

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System

Assembly:: System.Runtime.dll

Assembly:: System.Core.dll

Assembly:: mscorlib.dll

Assembly:: netstandard.dll

Important

Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it’s released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.

Encapsulates a method that has four parameters and returns a value of the type specified by the TResult parameter.

generic <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename TResult>
public delegate TResult Func(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3, T4 arg4);

public delegate TResult Func<in T1,in T2,in T3,in T4,out TResult>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3, T4 arg4);

public delegate TResult Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult>(T1 arg1, T2 arg2, T3 arg3, T4 arg4);

type Func<'T1, 'T2, 'T3, 'T4, 'Result> = delegate of 'T1 * 'T2 * 'T3 * 'T4 -> 'Result

Public Delegate Function Func(Of In T1, In T2, In T3, In T4, Out TResult)(arg1 As T1, arg2 As T2, arg3 As T3, arg4 As T4) As TResult

Public Delegate Function Func(Of T1, T2, T3, T4, TResult)(arg1 As T1, arg2 As T2, arg3 As T3, arg4 As T4) As TResult

Type Parameters

T1

The type of the first parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is contravariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is less derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.

T2

The type of the second parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

T3

The type of the third parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

T4

The type of the fourth parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

TResult

The type of the return value of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

This type parameter is covariant. That is, you can use either the type you specified or any type that is more derived. For more information about covariance and contravariance, see Covariance and Contravariance in Generics.

Parameters

arg1: T1

The first parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg2: T2

The second parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg3: T3

The third parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

arg4: T4

The fourth parameter of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

Return Value

TResult

The return value of the method that this delegate encapsulates.

Examples

The following example demonstrates how to declare and use a Func<T1,T2,TResult> delegate. This example declares a Func<T1,T2,TResult> variable and assigns it a lambda expression that takes a String value and an Int32 value as parameters. The lambda expression returns true if the length of the String parameter is equal to the value of the Int32 parameter. The delegate that encapsulates this method is subsequently used in a query to filter strings in an array of strings.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class Func3Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Func<String, int, bool> predicate = (str, index) => str.Length == index;

      String[] words = { "orange", "apple", "Article", "elephant", "star", "and" };
      IEnumerable<String> aWords = words.Where(predicate).Select(str => str);

      foreach (String word in aWords)
         Console.WriteLine(word);
   }
}

open System
open System.Linq

let predicate = Func<string, int, bool>(fun str index -> str.Length = index)

let words = [ "orange"; "apple"; "Article"; "elephant"; "star"; "and" ]
let aWords = words.Where predicate

for word in aWords do
    printfn $"{word}"

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq

Public Module Func3Example

   Public Sub Main()
      Dim predicate As Func(Of String, Integer, Boolean) = Function(str, index) str.Length = index

      Dim words() As String = { "orange", "apple", "Article", "elephant", "star", "and" }
      Dim aWords As IEnumerable(Of String) = words.Where(predicate)

      For Each word As String In aWords
         Console.WriteLine(word)
      Next   
   End Sub
End Module

Remarks

You can use this delegate to represent a method that can be passed as a parameter without explicitly declaring a custom delegate. The encapsulated method must correspond to the method signature that is defined by this delegate. This means that the encapsulated method must have four parameters, each of which is passed to it by value, and that it must return a value.

Note

To reference a method that has four parameters and returns void (unit in F#) (or in Visual Basic, that is declared as a Sub rather than as a Function), use the generic Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> delegate instead.

When you use the Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult> delegate, you do not have to explicitly define a delegate that encapsulates a method with four parameters. For example, the following code explicitly declares a generic delegate named Searcher and assigns a reference to the IndexOf method to its delegate instance.

using System;

delegate int Searcher(string searchString, int start, int count,
                         StringComparison type);

public class DelegateExample
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string title = "The House of the Seven Gables";
      int position = 0;
      Searcher finder = title.IndexOf;
      do
      {
         int characters = title.Length - position;
         position = finder("the", position, characters,
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
         if (position >= 0)
         {
            position++;
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.",
                              position, title);
         }
      } while (position > 0);
   }
}

open System

type Searcher = delegate of (string * int * int * StringComparison) -> int

let title = "The House of the Seven Gables"
let finder = Searcher title.IndexOf
let mutable position = 0

while position > -1 do
    let characters = title.Length - position
    position <- 
        finder.Invoke("the", position, characters, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
    if position >= 0 then
        position <- position + 1
        printfn $"'The' found at position {position} in {title}."

Delegate Function Searcher(searchString As String, _
                           start As Integer,  _
                           count As Integer, _
                           type As StringComparison) As Integer

Module DelegateExample
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim title As String = "The House of the Seven Gables"
      Dim position As Integer = 0
      Dim finder As Searcher = AddressOf title.IndexOf
      Do
         Dim characters As Integer = title.Length - position
         position = finder("the", position, characters, _
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) 
         If position >= 0 Then
            position += 1
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.", _
                              position, title)
         End If   
      Loop While position > 0   
   End Sub
End Module

The following example simplifies this code by instantiating the Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult> delegate instead of explicitly defining a new delegate and assigning a named method to it.

using System;

public class DelegateExample
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string title = "The House of the Seven Gables";
      int position = 0;
      Func<string, int, int, StringComparison, int> finder = title.IndexOf;
      do
      {
         int characters = title.Length - position;
         position = finder("the", position, characters,
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
         if (position >= 0)
         {
            position++;
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.",
                              position, title);
         }
      } while (position > 0);
   }
}

open System

let indexOf (s: string) s2 pos chars comparison =
    s.IndexOf(s2, pos, chars, comparison) 

let title = "The House of the Seven Gables"
let finder = Func<string, int, int, StringComparison, int>(indexOf title)
let mutable position = 0

while position > -1 do
    let characters = title.Length - position
    position <- 
        finder.Invoke("the", position, characters, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
    if position >= 0 then
        position <- position + 1
        printfn $"'The' found at position {position} in {title}."

Module DelegateExample
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim title As String = "The House of the Seven Gables"
      Dim position As Integer = 0
      Dim finder As Func(Of String, Integer, Integer, StringComparison, Integer) _
                    = AddressOf title.IndexOf
      Do
         Dim characters As Integer = title.Length - position
         position = finder("the", position, characters, _
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) 
         If position >= 0 Then
            position += 1
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.", _
                              position, title)
         End If   
      Loop While position > 0   
   End Sub
End Module

You can use the Func<T1,T2,T3,T4,TResult> delegate with anonymous methods in C#, as the following example illustrates. (For an introduction to anonymous methods, see Anonymous Methods.)

using System;

public class DelegateExample
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string title = "The House of the Seven Gables";
      int position = 0;
      Func<string, int, int, StringComparison, int> finder =
           delegate(string s, int pos, int chars, StringComparison type)
           { return title.IndexOf(s, pos, chars, type); };
      do
      {
         int characters = title.Length - position;
         position = finder("the", position, characters,
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
         if (position >= 0)
         {
            position++;
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.",
                              position, title);
         }
      } while (position > 0);
   }
}

You can also assign a lambda expression to a Func<T1,T2,TResult> delegate, as the following example illustrates. (For an introduction to lambda expressions, see Lambda Expressions (VB), Lambda Expressions (C#) and Lambda Expressions (F#).)

using System;

public class DelegateExample
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string title = "The House of the Seven Gables";
      int position = 0;
      Func<string, int, int, StringComparison, int> finder =
           (s, pos, chars, type) => title.IndexOf(s, pos, chars, type);
      do
      {
         int characters = title.Length - position;
         position = finder("the", position, characters,
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
         if (position >= 0)
         {
            position++;
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.",
                              position, title);
         }
      } while (position > 0);
   }
}

open System

let title = "The House of the Seven Gables"

let finder =
    Func<string, int, int, StringComparison, int>(fun s pos chars typ -> title.IndexOf(s, pos, chars, typ))

let mutable position = 0

while position > -1 do
    let characters = title.Length - position
    position <- finder.Invoke("the", position, characters, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)

    if position >= 0 then
        position <- position + 1
        printfn $"'The' found at position {position} in {title}."

Module DelegateExample
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim title As String = "The House of the Seven Gables"
      Dim position As Integer = 0
      Dim finder As Func(Of String, Integer, Integer, StringComparison, Integer) _
                    = Function(s, pos, chars, type) _
                    title.IndexOf(s, pos, chars, type)
      Do
         Dim characters As Integer = title.Length - position
         position = finder("the", position, characters, _
                         StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) 
         If position >= 0 Then
            position += 1
            Console.WriteLine("'The' found at position {0} in {1}.", _
                              position, title)
         End If   
      Loop While position > 0   
   End Sub
End Module

The underlying type of a lambda expression is one of the generic Func delegates. This makes it possible to pass a lambda expression as a parameter without explicitly assigning it to a delegate. In particular, because many methods of types in the System.Linq namespace have Func parameters, you can pass these methods a lambda expression without explicitly instantiating a Func delegate.

Extension Methods

GetMethodInfo(Delegate)

Gets an object that represents the method represented by the specified delegate.

Applies to

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