1) Pull indexers for pre-defined data sources are a tool you could leverage to index right away with the existent capabilities.
You may customize what data you want in the index when using a pull indexer using skillset with custom skills. Also, please check if any of the pre-defined skills would be useful your requirement.
cognitive-search-predefined-skills
cognitive-search-defining-skillset
--Additionally - However, you also have the option of creating your own indexer from scratch using push API or SDK to push data into the index as needed as defined here:
search-what-is-data-import
2) For file types that are not supported by the Search service for indexing. You may check the possibility of converting the format, into a supported format such as JSON or similar. As currently, only the listed file types are supported.
Thanks for your feedback and cooperation!