StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator Method

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System.Globalization

Assembly:: System.Globalization.dll

Assembly:: System.Runtime.dll

Assembly:: mscorlib.dll

Assembly:: netstandard.dll

Important

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Returns an enumerator that iterates through the text elements of a string.

Overloads

GetTextElementEnumerator(String)	Returns an enumerator that iterates through the text elements of the entire string.
GetTextElementEnumerator(String, Int32)	Returns an enumerator that iterates through the text elements of the string, starting at the specified index.

GetTextElementEnumerator(String)

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Returns an enumerator that iterates through the text elements of the entire string.

public:
 static System::Globalization::TextElementEnumerator ^ GetTextElementEnumerator(System::String ^ str);

public static System.Globalization.TextElementEnumerator GetTextElementEnumerator (string str);

static member GetTextElementEnumerator : string -> System.Globalization.TextElementEnumerator

Public Shared Function GetTextElementEnumerator (str As String) As TextElementEnumerator

Parameters

str: String

The string to iterate through.

Returns

TextElementEnumerator

A TextElementEnumerator for the entire string.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

str is null.

Examples

The following example demonstrates calling the GetTextElementEnumerator method. This example is part of a larger example provided for the StringInfo class.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Globalization;


// Show how to enumerate each real character (honoring surrogates)
// in a string.

void EnumTextElements(String^ combiningChars)
{
    // This StringBuilder holds the output results.
    StringBuilder^ sb = gcnew StringBuilder();

    // Use the enumerator returned from GetTextElementEnumerator
    // method to examine each real character.
    TextElementEnumerator^ charEnum =
        StringInfo::GetTextElementEnumerator(combiningChars);
    while (charEnum->MoveNext())
    {
        sb->AppendFormat("Character at index {0} is '{1}'{2}", 
            charEnum->ElementIndex, charEnum->GetTextElement(), 
            Environment::NewLine);
    }

    // Show the results.
    Console::WriteLine("Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:");
    Console::WriteLine(sb);
}


// Show how to discover the index of each real character
// (honoring surrogates) in a string.

void EnumTextElementIndexes(String^ combiningChars)
{
    // This StringBuilder holds the output results.
    StringBuilder^ sb = gcnew StringBuilder();

    // Use the ParseCombiningCharacters method to
    // get the index of each real character in the string.
    array <int>^ textElemIndex =
        StringInfo::ParseCombiningCharacters(combiningChars);

    // Iterate through each real character showing the character
    // and the index where it was found.
    for (int i = 0; i < textElemIndex->Length; i++)
    {
        sb->AppendFormat("Character {0} starts at index {1}{2}",
            i, textElemIndex[i], Environment::NewLine);
    }

    // Show the results.
    Console::WriteLine("Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:");
    Console::WriteLine(sb);
}

int main()
{

    // The string below contains combining characters.
    String^ combiningChars = L"a\u0304\u0308bc\u0327";

    // Show each 'character' in the string.
    EnumTextElements(combiningChars);

    // Show the index in the string where each 'character' starts.
    EnumTextElementIndexes(combiningChars);

};

// This code produces the following output.
//
// Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:
// Character at index 0 is 'a-"'
// Character at index 3 is 'b'
// Character at index 4 is 'c,'
//
// Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:
// Character 0 starts at index 0
// Character 1 starts at index 3
// Character 2 starts at index 4

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Globalization;

public sealed class App {
   static void Main() {
      // The string below contains combining characters.
      String s = "a\u0304\u0308bc\u0327";

      // Show each 'character' in the string.
      EnumTextElements(s);

      // Show the index in the string where each 'character' starts.
      EnumTextElementIndexes(s);
   }

   // Show how to enumerate each real character (honoring surrogates) in a string.
   static void EnumTextElements(String s) {
      // This StringBuilder holds the output results.
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

      // Use the enumerator returned from GetTextElementEnumerator
      // method to examine each real character.
      TextElementEnumerator charEnum = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(s);
      while (charEnum.MoveNext()) {
         sb.AppendFormat(
           "Character at index {0} is '{1}'{2}",
           charEnum.ElementIndex, charEnum.GetTextElement(),
           Environment.NewLine);
      }

      // Show the results.
      Console.WriteLine("Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:");
      Console.WriteLine(sb);
   }

   // Show how to discover the index of each real character (honoring surrogates) in a string.
   static void EnumTextElementIndexes(String s) {
      // This StringBuilder holds the output results.
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

      // Use the ParseCombiningCharacters method to
      // get the index of each real character in the string.
      Int32[] textElemIndex = StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(s);

      // Iterate through each real character showing the character and the index where it was found.
      for (Int32 i = 0; i < textElemIndex.Length; i++) {
         sb.AppendFormat(
            "Character {0} starts at index {1}{2}",
            i, textElemIndex[i], Environment.NewLine);
      }

      // Show the results.
      Console.WriteLine("Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:");
      Console.WriteLine(sb);
   }
}

// This code produces the following output:
//
// Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:
// Character at index 0 is 'ā̈'
// Character at index 3 is 'b'
// Character at index 4 is 'ç'
//
// Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:
// Character 0 starts at index 0
// Character 1 starts at index 3
// Character 2 starts at index 4

Imports System.Text
Imports System.Globalization

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' The string below contains combining characters.
      Dim s As String = "a" + ChrW(&h0304) + ChrW(&h0308) + "bc" + ChrW(&h0327)

      ' Show each 'character' in the string.
      EnumTextElements(s)

      ' Show the index in the string where each 'character' starts.
      EnumTextElementIndexes(s)
   End Sub

   ' Show how to enumerate each real character (honoring surrogates) in a string.
   Sub EnumTextElements(s As String)
      ' This StringBuilder holds the output results.
      Dim sb As New StringBuilder()

      ' Use the enumerator returned from GetTextElementEnumerator 
      ' method to examine each real character.
      Dim charEnum As TextElementEnumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(s)
      Do While charEnum.MoveNext()
         sb.AppendFormat("Character at index {0} is '{1}'{2}",
                         charEnum.ElementIndex, 
                         charEnum.GetTextElement(),
                         Environment.NewLine)
      Loop

      ' Show the results.
      Console.WriteLine("Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:")
      Console.WriteLine(sb)
   End Sub

   ' Show how to discover the index of each real character (honoring surrogates) in a string.
   Sub EnumTextElementIndexes(s As String)
      ' This StringBuilder holds the output results.
      Dim sb As New StringBuilder()

      ' Use the ParseCombiningCharacters method to 
      ' get the index of each real character in the string.
      Dim textElemIndex() As Integer = StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(s)

      ' Iterate through each real character showing the character and the index where it was found.
      For i As Int32 = 0 To textElemIndex.Length - 1
         sb.AppendFormat("Character {0} starts at index {1}{2}",
                         i, textElemIndex(i), Environment.NewLine)
      Next

      ' Show the results.
      Console.WriteLine("Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:")
      Console.WriteLine(sb)
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'
'       Result of GetTextElementEnumerator:
'       Character at index 0 is 'ā̈'
'       Character at index 3 is 'b'
'       Character at index 4 is 'ç'
'       
'       Result of ParseCombiningCharacters:
'       Character 0 starts at index 0
'       Character 1 starts at index 3
'       Character 2 starts at index 4

Remarks

.NET defines a text element as a unit of text that is displayed as a single character, that is, a grapheme. A text element can be a base character, a surrogate pair, or a combining character sequence. The Unicode Standard defines a surrogate pair as a coded character representation for a single abstract character that consists of a sequence of two code units, where the first unit of the pair is a high surrogate and the second is a low surrogate. The Unicode Standard defines a combining character sequence as a combination of a base character and one or more combining characters. A surrogate pair can represent a base character or a combining character.

The text element enumerator is used only to read data in the string; it cannot modify the underlying string. The enumerator does not have exclusive access to the string.

The enumerator is in an invalid state if it is positioned before the first text element in the string or after the last text element in the string. When the enumerator is in an invalid state, calling Current throws an exception.

Initially, the enumerator is positioned before the first text element in the string. Reset also brings the enumerator back to this position. Therefore, after an enumerator is created or after Reset is called, MoveNext must be called to advance the enumerator to the first text element of the string before reading the value of Current.

Current returns the same object until either MoveNext or Reset is called.

After the end of the string is passed, the enumerator is again in an invalid state and calling MoveNext returns false. Calling Current throws an exception if the last call to MoveNext returned false.

Applies to

GetTextElementEnumerator(String, Int32)

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Source:: StringInfo.cs

Returns an enumerator that iterates through the text elements of the string, starting at the specified index.

public:
 static System::Globalization::TextElementEnumerator ^ GetTextElementEnumerator(System::String ^ str, int index);

public static System.Globalization.TextElementEnumerator GetTextElementEnumerator (string str, int index);

static member GetTextElementEnumerator : string * int -> System.Globalization.TextElementEnumerator

Public Shared Function GetTextElementEnumerator (str As String, index As Integer) As TextElementEnumerator

Parameters

str: String

The string to iterate through.

index: Int32

The zero-based index at which to start iterating.

Returns

TextElementEnumerator

A TextElementEnumerator for the string starting at index.

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

str is null.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index is outside the range of valid indexes for str.

Remarks

The text element enumerator is used only to read data in the string; it cannot modify the underlying string. The enumerator does not have exclusive access to the string.

Current returns the same object until either MoveNext or Reset is called.

Applies to

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StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator Method

Definition

Overloads

GetTextElementEnumerator(String)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

Remarks

See also

Applies to

GetTextElementEnumerator(String, Int32)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Remarks

See also

Applies to

Additional resources