Configuration Manager could be used as a stand-alone solution or can be integrated with Intune. More at https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/configmgr/core/understand/introduction
However, a number of customers are using less elaborate solutions - such as, for example, WSUS ( Configuration Manager also relies on WSUS). More at https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/waas-manage-updates-wsus
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hth
Marcin