@Mahmoud Ayman, Thanks for posting in Q%A. From your description, it seems the fingerprint authentication is disabled after KB5043076 is installed. After researching, I didn't find it mentioned a known issue with this KB. I have added windows 11 tag in this thread to see if any support from windows side can give some suggestion on it.
To double confirm it, you can choose one device and manually install this KB to see if it has the same issue.
Meanwhile, from Intune side, I notice windows hello is enabled, please check if "Allow biometric authentication" is enabled which can allow authenticate using gestures, such as face and fingerprint.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/protect/identity-protection-windows-settings
If not, you can enable it to see if the fingerprint authentication can be enabled on these devices.
Hope the above information can help.
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