A cloud-based identity and access management service for securing user authentication and resource access
Hello @SamQuilter-6929 and thanks for sharing your solution. Since accepting and rating your own answer is not possible I'm reposting it here so you can accept and rate it so that others facing a similar issue can easily find a solution.
We eventually found that the user was blocked in our MFA settings. We solved this by following these actions: Go to Microsoft Azure/Entra Active Directory Users and Groups. Click Security. Click Multifactor Authentication. Check the Blocked Users, if user is listed in that location, unblock them and try logging into their account again.