You may be able to upgrade to latest supported version of Microsoft Entra Connect Sync on your 2012 R2 but note that 2012 R2 itself is nearing EOL as of October.
Connect Sync and Cloud Sync are two different services. Cloud Sync is the direction MS wants you to go, but they will still be supporting Connect Sync, just not version V1. I'm not certain yet if there is a version of Connect Sync that will still be supported for syncing and is supported on 2012 R2.
But again, best to migrate off of 2012 R2 because 2012 R2 is quickly reaching End of Support, including patches.:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/announcements/windows-server-2012-r2-end-of-support