I'm glad that you were able to resolve your issue and thank you for posting your solution so that others experiencing the same thing can easily reference this! Since the Microsoft Q&A community has a policy that "The question author cannot accept their own answer. They can only accept answers by others ", I'll repost your solution in case you'd like to accept the answer.
Issue:
Unable to connect to private ADB cluster from ADB connector with Azure IR
Solution:
"Instead of relying on the UI to fetch the cluster IDs, the user manually entered the cluster ID into the Linked Service configuration, which resolved the issue."
If I missed anything please let me know and I'd be happy to add it to my answer, or feel free to comment below with any additional information.
Feedback
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If this answers your query, do click Accept Answer
and Yes
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