Hello Paul,
Thank you for posting in Microsoft Community.
We appreciate your question about on how to re-enable and un-pause battery smart charging on your Surface.
The smart charging feature on Surface devices is always active and turns on automatically when it detects your device is plugged in for prolonged periods or used at elevated temperatures. It cannot be activated manually. The device will be the one that activates it automatically once it detects that it needs to activate smart charging and limit battery charging to 80%. There is no specific amount of time as when it would turn on the feature. It will be the device that will detect if Smart charging is needed.
If the Charge to 100% button is greyed out, it means that the smart charging feature is currently paused. It can be the result of your device's battery not yet being at risk from temperature changes or charging. When a risk is identified by the system through patterns of battery usage, the feature will reactivate.
For more information, see Smart charging on Surface - Microsoft Support.
Please note that the Smart Charging feature is designed to lessen the chances of battery issues and prolong the life of your device battery. You might look at Battery Limit mode and see if this matches your needs where you keep your laptop on your desk and connected to the mains most of the time. This mode is recommended for devices intended to be always connected to power.
Kind regards,
Lavenia