Managing security settings and protections in Outlook on the web for business
Hello Gerhard Kessel,
Good day and thank you for posting to Microsoft community.
Based on the description and error message, you may need to set up SPF for your domain. SPF helps validate outbound email sent from your custom domain (is coming from who it says it is). It's a first step in setting up the full recommended email authentication methods of SPF, DKIM, and DMARC. More info can be found here Set up SPF to help prevent spoofing | Microsoft Learn.
->Use DKIM to validate outbound email sent from your custom domain: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/email-authentication-dkim-configure?view=o365-worldwide
->Set up DMARC for outbound mail from Microsoft 365: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/email-authentication-dmarc-configure?view=o365-worldwide
If you need assistance with this set up, as an admin, you can create a service request our online channel through the O365 admin center (Help &Support). A support agent can call you and connect with you remotely, for further troubleshooting. Something I may not be able to do as public forum support.
Get support for Microsoft 365 for business -- Online support.
Thank you for your precious time and have a great day.
Best Regards,
Ashraf.