There isn't an Azure Service that will easily consume the SOAP API endpoint and make development easier. Azure API Management will allow you to import the WSDL, and represent the API for easier consumption by your code (such as via a REST based call) - however i don't think that's really the problem you're trying to solve.
Critical to approach is where you want the data to end up. If it was Excel, then i'd probably start by following this https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sharepoint/dev/general-development/accessing-the-soap-api
However if it was Azure Functions or a TBD system, then I'd start by solving the problem locally in Postman to craft the right data to send to the SOAP api to get the data you need. Here is a blog describing the process; https://blogs.sap.com/2021/08/04/calling-a-soap-api-using-postman/
Once you know the xml data for the soap envelope, I would then seek to write an Azure function that would be triggered via Http/Timer/another app to call the SOAP API. Code it in your language of choice (PowerShell/C#/etc), which Azure Functions has broad support for.
Further reading;
Visual Studio : https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/additional-tools/wcf-web-service-reference-guide
PowerShell : https://jpearson.blog/2019/04/09/calling-soap-services-from-powershell/