Hello, @Ronny Forberger !
(Edit: Updated with solution)
I'm glad that you were able to resolve your issue and thank you for posting your solution so that others experiencing the same thing can easily reference this! Since the Microsoft Q&A community has a policy that "The question author cannot accept their own answer. They can only accept answers by others ", I'll repost your solution in case you'd like to "Accept " the answer.
Why is my DevOps VM deployment failing with an VMCustomization error?
Solution provided by Ronny Forberger (thank you!):
The problem was the vmSizeProperties hash in my bicep code. I didn't know you cannot set it when deploying a specific vmSize. Also I had to set another vmSize, since for Generation 2 hypervisors, the above mentioned SKU seems not to be supported.
Thank you for helping to improve Microsoft Q&A!