@AB123, Thanks for posting in Q&A. To check if there's any Intune policy has blocked the Teams installation on this device, you can go to Intune portal and find the affected device, click "Device Configuration" policy of this device and see if any similar setting in the following link has set in Device configuration policy:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/new-teams-troubleshooting-installation
If there's any update, feel free to let us know.
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