Hello
Microsoft has not blocked users from obtaining update files in any way, or there are specific servers that cannot be accessed. It is recommended that you check WSUS and network issues, including the following points:
Configuration Issues: Misconfiguration of the WSUS server can cause download issues. Double-check the synchronization settings, update classifications, and languages to ensure they are correctly configured.
Firewall or Network Connectivity: Ensure that the WSUS server has the necessary network connectivity to reach the upstream update source. Check if any firewalls or network restrictions are blocking the WSUS server's access to the internet.
Permissions and Access Rights: Verify that the WSUS service account has appropriate permissions to access the content directory and download updates. Check the security settings on the content directory.
BITS Issues: Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is used by WSUS to download updates. Ensure that BITS is running properly on all affected computers.
Update Metadata Mismatch: Sometimes, if the metadata of the exported updates does not match the metadata expected by the WSUS server, it can cause issues with downloading the updates.
Reference Documentation:
Standalone WSUS server updates stuck in downloading status - Microsoft Q&A