@Franz Schenk
Thank you for posting in Microsoft Q&A forum.
I also have upgraded to SCCM 2010 and the client version are upgraded to 5.00.9040.1015, the software center of all clients works well.
You may try to reset the WMI repository and run CCMRepair.exe with following steps to see if it helps:
- net stop winmgmt
- winmgmt /resetrepository
- Reboot
- CCMRepair.exe
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