Hello @Julien Rousselle
I'm glad that you were able to resolve your issue and thank you for posting your solution so that others experiencing the same thing can easily reference this!
Since the Microsoft Q&A community has a policy that "The question author cannot accept their own answer. They can only accept answers by others", I'll repost your solution.
Please click "Accept" the answer as original posters help the community find answers faster by identifying the correct answer.
Issue: Application Gateway no longer sending the X-Original-Host header
Resolution: I finally found out that the issue was not front the application gateway, but rather the version of the base docker image I used for my dotnet app. Looks like the x-original-host header was no longer used by my app) (See: https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-docker/issues/6490)
You informed us that after recreating the Backend pool, your problem was resolved.
Please do not forget to "Accept the answer” and “Up-vote” wherever the information provided helps you, this can be beneficial to other community members.
If you have any other questions or are still running into more issues, let me know in the "comments" and I would be happy to help you.