There are no settings in Microsoft Edge currently to disable anti-virus scanning due to security reasons. May I know the scenario where you would want your AV software to not scan the file?
When I'm at work I have to download absolutely loads of files from corporate webpages, email attachments from colleagues, and so on. Every single one - no matter how tiny - takes anything up to a minute to open. It really is affecting my ability to do anything efficiently. To force the browser to scan files regardless of the user's wishes is nothing short of patronising - if I wanted to be treated like an idiot I would have bought a Mac. Not a single file I have downloaded from these sources over the past 4 years has been found to be infected with a virus, so doing without AV for downloads from safe spaces is a risk I'm willing to take. What's most galling is that despite the fact that the AV scan runs whether it's wanted or not, Defender is clearly not very well integrated with Edge, otherwise why would it take 40 or more seconds to open a 20Kb file?
It's not that I don't want files scanned - I just want them scanned and available for use within in a reasonable timeframe. The same files downloaded in Chrome open immediately.
I'd prefer to keep using Edge, and I would prefer my AV to be on and working all the time, but I still have to be able to work, and Microsoft, you are forcing me to choose not to use your flagship browser and to switch back to Chrome or Firefox - with all their faults.