Hello there,
This error code 80072EFE hints to connection interruption,which means there is a problem connecting to Windows Update.
Support for Windows 7 has ended on January 14, 2020, including Software updates and Security updates or fixes.
https://www.microsoft.com/en-US/windows/windows-7-end-of-life-support-information
As far as my research, that is the cause of this issue. You can find guidance in the link upon.
Extended Security Updates are available through specific Microsoft Volume Licensing programs. Coverage is available in three consecutive 12-month increments beginning January 14, 2020. Extended Security updates are available for purchase in 12-month increments only.
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/licensing/how-to-buy/how-to-buy
1.Visit the Volume Licensing Service Center and sign in
2. Select Licenses > Relationship Summary > Licensing ID > Product Keys
After purchasing ESU key and activating it,reboot and try.
If the connection issue still exists,please take below two methods.
Method A)
Try reset windows update components
Open a command prompt with Administrative Privileges, run the following:
net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptSvc
net stop bits
net stop msiserver
Open File Explorer go to the C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download folder.
Press CTRL+A and press Delete to remove all files and folders.
Go to C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\DataStore
Press CTRL+A and press Delete to remove all files and folders.
Back to the command prompt to restart all the services
net start wuauserv
net start cryptSvc
net start bits
net start msiserver
Method B)
Download the prerequisites and update manually
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/windows-update-client-for-windows-7-and-windows-server-2008-r2-march-2016-31422d0a-8818-cfdd-140e-e27883c7a2c5#bkmk_prerequisite
Then go to Settings >Windows Update >View Update history to find out which updates had failed, write down their KB numbers.
Entering Microsoft Catalog Website and download the standalone MSU intaller
https://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Home.aspx
After downloading, double click the MSU installer to proceed installation manually
Similar cases for your reference:
How to fix Windows update error 80072efe or 80072f76
https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/all/how-to-fix-windows-update-error-80072efe-or/b7c34f04-d592-4fb6-a660-240141745bbd
windows update error 80072efe
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/answers/questions/121519/windows-update-error-80072efe.html
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Best Regards,
Samson Peng