I found a way to log the Office update process. If I am reading it correctly, the update download gets to 40% before it errors out.
TaskFactory::TryLoadScenario - Loading UPDATE scenario is successful
ScenarioController::Initialize - Scenario view initializing: UPDATE
ScenarioController::SetScenarioView - view set to Update
ExecutionContext::WaitOnExecutingScenarioCompletion - Waiting for scenario completion event.
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - {77176F9C-873B-4A7D-8051-EBEB52DDE8B0}=50
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - total progress is now 10.
UpdateView::UpdateProgress - StartDetectionProgress.
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - {77176F9C-873B-4A7D-8051-EBEB52DDE8B0}=100
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - total progress is now 20.
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - {77176F9C-873B-4A7D-8051-EBEB52DDE8B0}=100
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - {57173191-24E0-42E1-96F4-914AF8CFD1D5}=50
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - total progress is now 30.
UpdateView::UpdateProgress - StartDownloadProgress.
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - {57173191-24E0-42E1-96F4-914AF8CFD1D5}=100
ScenarioController::UpdateScenarioProgress - total progress is now 40.
ScenarioController::ShowErrorUI - url is: officeredir.microsoft.com/.../rlidOfficeWebHelp. {"MachineID":"3500ebeb05981a47a4210016b0846a22","SessionID":"973885ce-2ecc-47f6-bf64-5fc16ff31c72","GeoID":"244","Ver":"15.0.4779.1002","stringId":"4122","errorSource":"28","errorCode":"404"}
ScenarioController::ShowErrorUI - error string is: We're sorry, we ran into a problem while downloading updates for Office. Please check your network connection and try again later. <a href="officeredir.microsoft.com/.../rlidOfficeWebHelp
online for additional help.</a> Error Code: 404-28