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Dear ML,
The issue may be that there are some label policies applied to the site by the administrator in your tenant.
If you are just a user, I suggest you contact the administrator, let him go to the new Microsoft Purview admin center, click on the Home page, select Data Lifecycle Management, go to Label Policies and see whether there are some policies applied to the site where the list exists. If yes, delete the policies from the UI, wait some time (generally it is 24-48 hours) and then refresh the list page to see whether the item attachments can be deleted.
If no, there will be some background sync issue in your tenant. the next step is to open a support ticket to the related team so that they can help you fix the issue from their side directly.
Get support - Microsoft 365 admin | Microsoft Learn
Thank you for your effort and time.
Sincerely
Cliff | Microsoft Community Moderator