Store Vulnerability Assessment scan results in a storage account accessible behind firewalls and VNets

Applies to: Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics

If you're limiting access to your storage account in Azure for certain VNets or services, you'll need to enable the appropriate configuration so that Vulnerability Assessment (VA) scanning for SQL Databases or Azure SQL Managed Instances have access to that storage account.

Note

These settings are not required when using Express Configuration.

Prerequisites

The SQL Vulnerability Assessment service needs permission to the storage account to save baseline and scan results.

Use SQL Server managed identity:

• The SQL Server must have a managed identity.
• The storage account must have a role assignment for the SQL Managed Identity as Storage Blob Data Contributor.
• When you apply the settings, the VA fields storageContainerSasKey and storageAccountAccessKey must be empty (configuration using storage account key or storage SAS key is not valid for this scenario).

When you use the Azure portal to save SQL VA settings, Azure checks if you have permission to assign a new role assignment for the managed identity as Storage Blob Data Contributor on the storage. If permissions are assigned, Azure uses SQL Server managed identity, otherwise Azure uses the key method (which is not supported for this scenario).

Note

1. User assigned managed identities are not supported for this scenario.
2. If using Azure Storage lifecycle management policies, avoid moving files on the container used by VA to the archive access tier. Reading scan results or baseline configurations stored in archive access tier isn't supported.

Enable Azure SQL Database VA scanning access to the storage account

If you've configured your VA storage account to only be accessible by certain networks or services, you'll need to ensure that VA scans for your Azure SQL Database are able to store the scans on the storage account. You can use the existing storage account, or create a new storage account to store VA scan results for all databases on your logical SQL server.

Note

The vulnerability assessment service can't access storage accounts protected with firewalls or VNets if they require storage access keys.

Go to your Resource group that contains the storage account and access the Storage account pane. Under Settings, select Firewall and virtual networks.

Ensure that Allow trusted Microsoft services access to this storage account is checked.

To find out which storage account is being used, do the following steps:

1. Go to your SQL server pane in the Azure portal.
2. Under Security, select Defender for Cloud.
3. Select Configure.

Store VA scan results for Azure SQL Managed Instance in a storage account that can be accessed behind a firewall or VNet

Since Azure SQL Managed Instance isn't a trusted Microsoft Service and has a different VNet from the storage account, executing a VA scan will result in an error.

Note

It is highly recommended to make sure your Azure SQL Managed Instances are enrolled to the November 2022 feature wave which will allow much simpler configuration of SQL Vulnerability Assessment when the storage account is behind a firewall or VNET.

To support VA scans on Azure SQL Managed Instances that have the November 2022 feature wave installed, follow the below steps:

1. Under the Azure SQL Managed Instance's Overview page, note the value under Virtual network / subnet.

2. Head to the Networking page in the storage account where SQL VA is configured to store the scan results.

3. Under the Firewalls and virtual networks tab, under Public network access select Enabled from selected virtual networks and IP addresses.

4. Under the Virtual networks section, click Add existing virtual network and selected the VNET and subnet used by the managed instance that you've noted in the first step.

   

To support VA scans on Azure SQL Managed Instances that do not have the November 2022 feature wave installed, follow the below steps:

1. In the SQL managed instance pane, under the Overview heading, click the Virtual network/subnet link. This takes you to the Virtual network pane.

   

2. Under Settings, select Subnets. Click + Subnet in the new pane to add a subnet. For more information, see Manage subnets.

   

3. The new subnet should have the following configurations:

   

   • NAT gateway: None
   • Network security group: None
   • Route table: None
   • SERVICE ENDPOINTS - services: None selected
   • SUBNET DELEGATION - Delegate subnet to a service: None
   • NETWORK POLICY FOR PRIVATE ENDPOINTS - Private endpoint network policy: None selected

4. Head to the storage account where SQL VA is configured to store the scan results and click the Private endpoint connections tab, then click + Private endpoint

   

   

5. Choose the details for your private endpoint (it's suggested to put it in the same RG and the same region).

   

6. Choose blob for the Target sub-resource

   

7. Select the virtual network of the SQL MI (from step 1) and choose the subnet you created (step 3):

   

8. Select Integrate with private DNS zone (should be default) and choose the other default values

   

9. Continue to the Review + Create tab and click Create. Once the deployment is done you should see this in the Private endpoint connections tab under the Network section of the Storage account:

   

You should now be able to store your VA scans for Azure SQL Managed Instances in your storage account.

Troubleshoot vulnerability assessment scan-related issues

Troubleshoot common issues related to vulnerability assessment scans.

Failure to save vulnerability assessment settings

You might not be able to save changes to vulnerability assessment settings if your storage account doesn't meet some prerequisites or if you have insufficient permissions.

Storage account requirements

The storage account in which vulnerability assessment scan results are saved must meet the following requirements:

• Type: StorageV2 (General Purpose V2) or Storage (General Purpose V1)
• Performance: Standard (only)
• Region: The storage must be in the same region as the instance of Azure SQL Server.

If any of these requirements aren't met, saving changes to vulnerability assessment settings fails.

Permissions

The following permissions are required to save changes to vulnerability assessment settings:

• SQL Security Manager
• Storage Blob Data Reader
• Owner role on the storage account

Setting a new role assignment requires owner or user administrator access to the storage account and the following permissions:

• Storage Blob Data Owner

Storage account isn't visible for selection in vulnerability assessment settings

The storage account might not appear in the storage account picker for several reasons:

• The storage account you're looking for isn't in the selected subscription.
• The storage account you're looking for isn't in the same region as the instance of Azure SQL Server.
• You don't have Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/read permissions on the storage account.

Failure to open an email link for scan results or can't view scan results

You might not be able to open a link in a notification email about scan results, or to view scan results if you don't have the required permissions, or if you use a browser that doesn't support opening or displaying scan results.

Required permissions

The following permissions are required to open links in email notifications about scan results or to view scan results:

• SQL Security Manager
• Storage Blob Data Reader

Browser requirements

The Firefox browser doesn't support opening or displaying scan results view. We recommend that you use Microsoft Edge or Chrome to view vulnerability assessment scan results.

Next steps

• Vulnerability Assessment
• Create an Azure Storage account
• Microsoft Defender for SQL