This security baseline applies guidance from the Microsoft cloud security benchmark version 1.0 to Azure AI Search. The Microsoft cloud security benchmark provides recommendations on how you can secure your cloud solutions on Azure. The content is grouped by the security controls defined by the Microsoft cloud security benchmark and the related guidance applicable to Azure Cognitive Search.
You can monitor this security baseline and its recommendations using Microsoft Defender for Cloud. Azure Policy definitions will be listed in the Regulatory Compliance section of the Microsoft Defender for Cloud portal page.
When a feature has relevant Azure Policy Definitions, they are listed in this baseline to help you measure compliance with the Microsoft cloud security benchmark controls and recommendations. Some recommendations may require a paid Microsoft Defender plan to enable certain security scenarios.
Note
Features not applicable to Azure AI Search have been excluded. To see how Azure AI Search completely maps to the Microsoft cloud security benchmark, see the full Azure AI Search security baseline mapping file.
Security profile
The security profile summarizes high-impact behaviors of Azure AI Search, which may result in increased security considerations.
Service Behavior Attribute
Value
Product Category
AI+ML, Mobile, Web
Customer can access HOST / OS
No Access
Service can be deployed into customer's virtual network
Configuration Guidance: Deploy private endpoints to establish a private access point for the resources. Block all connections on the public endpoint for your search service.
Increase security for the virtual network, by enabling you to block exfiltration of data from the virtual network.
Description: Service supports disabling public network access either through using service-level IP ACL filtering rule (not NSG or Azure Firewall) or using a 'Disable Public Network Access' toggle switch. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Azure AI Search supports IP rules for inbound access through a firewall, similar to the IP rules you'll find in an Azure virtual network security group. By leveraging IP rules, you can restrict search service access to an approved set of machines and cloud services. Access to data stored in your search service from the approved sets of machines and services will still require the caller to present a valid authorization token.
IM-1: Use centralized identity and authentication system
Features
Azure AD Authentication Required for Data Plane Access
Description: Service supports using Azure AD authentication for data plane access. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
True
Microsoft
Configuration Guidance: No additional configurations are required as this is enabled on a default deployment.
Local Authentication Methods for Data Plane Access
Description: Local authentications methods supported for data plane access, such as a local username and password. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Feature notes: Avoid the usage of local authentication methods or accounts, these should be disabled wherever possible. Instead use Azure AD to authenticate where possible.
IM-3: Manage application identities securely and automatically
Features
Managed Identities
Description: Data plane actions support authentication using managed identities. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Use Azure managed identities instead of service principals when possible, which can authenticate to Azure services and resources that support Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) authentication. Managed identity credentials are fully managed, rotated, and protected by the platform, avoiding hard-coded credentials in source code or configuration files.
Description: Data plane supports authentication using service principals. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: There is no current Microsoft guidance for this feature configuration. Please review and determine if your organization wants to configure this security feature.
IM-7: Restrict resource access based on conditions
Features
Conditional Access for Data Plane
Description: Data plane access can be controlled using Azure AD Conditional Access Policies. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Define the applicable conditions and criteria for Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) conditional access in the workload. Consider common use cases such as blocking or granting access from specific locations, blocking risky sign-in behavior, or requiring organization-managed devices for specific applications.
IM-8: Restrict the exposure of credential and secrets
Features
Service Credential and Secrets Support Integration and Storage in Azure Key Vault
Description: Data plane supports native use of Azure Key Vault for credential and secrets store. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
PA-1: Separate and limit highly privileged/administrative users
Features
Local Admin Accounts
Description: Service has the concept of a local administrative account. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
PA-7: Follow just enough administration (least privilege) principle
Features
Azure RBAC for Data Plane
Description: Azure Role-Based Access Control (Azure RBAC) can be used to managed access to service's data plane actions. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Azure provides a global role-based access control (RBAC) authorization system for all services running on the platform. In Ai Search, you can use Azure roles for:
Control plane operations (service administration tasks through Azure Resource Manager).
Data plane operations, such as creating, loading, and querying indexes.
PA-8: Determine access process for cloud provider support
Features
Customer Lockbox
Description: Customer Lockbox can be used for Microsoft support access. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: In support scenarios where Microsoft needs to access your data, use Customer Lockbox to review, then approve or reject each of Microsoft's data access requests.
DP-1: Discover, classify, and label sensitive data
Features
Sensitive Data Discovery and Classification
Description: Tools (such as Azure Purview or Azure Information Protection) can be used for data discovery and classification in the service. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
DP-2: Monitor anomalies and threats targeting sensitive data
Features
Data Leakage/Loss Prevention
Description: Service supports DLP solution to monitor sensitive data movement (in customer's content). Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
DP-3: Encrypt sensitive data in transit
Features
Data in Transit Encryption
Description: Service supports data in-transit encryption for data plane. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
True
Microsoft
Configuration Guidance: No additional configurations are required as this is enabled on a default deployment.
Description: Data at-rest encryption using platform keys is supported, any customer content at rest is encrypted with these Microsoft managed keys. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
True
Microsoft
Configuration Guidance: No additional configurations are required as this is enabled on a default deployment.
DP-5: Use customer-managed key option in data at rest encryption when required
Features
Data at Rest Encryption Using CMK
Description: Data at-rest encryption using customer-managed keys is supported for customer content stored by the service. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: If required for regulatory compliance, define the use case and service scope where encryption using customer-managed keys are needed. Enable and implement data at rest encryption using customer-managed key for those services.
Description: The service supports Azure Key Vault integration for any customer keys, secrets, or certificates. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Use Azure Key Vault to create and control the life cycle of your encryption keys, including key generation, distribution, and storage. Rotate and revoke your keys in Azure Key Vault and your service based on a defined schedule or when there is a key retirement or compromise. When there is a need to use customer-managed key (CMK) in the workload, service, or application level, ensure you follow the best practices for key management: Use a key hierarchy to generate a separate data encryption key (DEK) with your key encryption key (KEK) in your key vault. Ensure keys are registered with Azure Key Vault and referenced via key IDs from the service or application. If you need to bring your own key (BYOK) to the service (such as importing HSM-protected keys from your on-premises HSMs into Azure Key Vault), follow recommended guidelines to perform initial key generation and key transfer.
Description: Service configurations can be monitored and enforced via Azure Policy. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Use Microsoft Defender for Cloud to configure Azure Policy to audit and enforce configurations of your Azure resources. Use Azure Monitor to create alerts when there is a configuration deviation detected on the resources. Use Azure Policy [deny] and [deploy if not exists] effects to enforce secure configuration across Azure resources.
Description: Service has an offering-specific Microsoft Defender solution to monitor and alert on security issues. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
LT-4: Enable logging for security investigation
Features
Azure Resource Logs
Description: Service produces resource logs that can provide enhanced service-specific metrics and logging. The customer can configure these resource logs and send them to their own data sink like a storage account or log analytics workspace. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
True
False
Customer
Configuration Guidance: Enable resource logs for the service to view the Azure I Search operations logs, search metrics, and etc.
Description: The service can be backed up by the Azure Backup service. Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
Service Native Backup Capability
Description: Service supports its own native backup capability (if not using Azure Backup). Learn more.
Supported
Enabled By Default
Configuration Responsibility
False
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Feature notes: Because Azure AI Search isn't a primary data storage solution, Microsoft doesn't provide a formal mechanism for self-service backup and restore. However, you can backup and restore the index using your own code.
Refer to: Back up and restore alternatives
Configuration Guidance: This feature is not supported to secure this service.
You learn how to select appropriate backup solutions for Azure workloads. You also learn how to select appropriate disaster recovery options for these workloads.