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AggregateException Class

Definition

Represents one or more errors that occur during application execution.

public class AggregateException : Exception
[System.Serializable]
public class AggregateException : Exception
Inheritance
AggregateException
Attributes

Examples

The following example catches the AggregateException exception and calls the Handle method to handle each exception it contains. Compiling and running the example with the first task1 variable should result in an AggregateException object that contains an UnauthorizedAccessException exception. Commenting out that line, uncommenting the second task1 variable, and compiling and running the example produces an AggregateException object that contains an IndexOutOfRangeException exception.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Example
{
   static async Task Main(string[] args)
   {
      // Get a folder path whose directories should throw an UnauthorizedAccessException.
      string path = Directory.GetParent(
                              Environment.GetFolderPath(
                              Environment.SpecialFolder.UserProfile)).FullName;

      // Use this line to throw UnauthorizedAccessException, which we handle.
      Task<string[]> task1 = Task<string[]>.Factory.StartNew(() => GetAllFiles(path));

      // Use this line to throw an exception that is not handled.
      // Task task1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(); } );
      try
      {
          await task1;
      }
      catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Caught unauthorized access exception-await behavior");
      }
      catch (AggregateException ae)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Caught aggregate exception-Task.Wait behavior");
          ae.Handle((x) =>
          {
              if (x is UnauthorizedAccessException) // This we know how to handle.
              {
                  Console.WriteLine("You do not have permission to access all folders in this path.");
                  Console.WriteLine("See your network administrator or try another path.");
                  return true;
              }
              return false; // Let anything else stop the application.
          });
      }

      Console.WriteLine("task1 Status: {0}{1}", task1.IsCompleted ? "Completed," : "",
                                                task1.Status);
   }

   static string[] GetAllFiles(string str)
   {
      // Should throw an UnauthorizedAccessException exception.
      return System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(str, "*.txt", System.IO.SearchOption.AllDirectories);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output if the file access task is run:
//       You do not have permission to access all folders in this path.
//       See your network administrator or try another path.
//       task1 Status: Completed,Faulted
// It displays the following output if the second task is run:
//       Unhandled Exception: System.AggregateException: One or more errors occurred. ---
//       > System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array.
//          at Example.<Main>b__0()
//          at System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Execute()
//          --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
//          at System.AggregateException.Handle(Func`2 predicate)
//          at Example.Main(String[] args)

Remarks

AggregateException is used to consolidate multiple failures into a single, throwable exception object. It is used extensively in the Task Parallel Library (TPL) and Parallel LINQ (PLINQ). For more information, see Exception Handling and How to: Handle Exceptions in a PLINQ Query. For additional information, see the Aggregating Exceptions entry in the .NET Matters blog.

Constructors

AggregateException()

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with a system-supplied message that describes the error.

AggregateException(Exception[])

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with references to the inner exceptions that are the cause of this exception.

AggregateException(IEnumerable<Exception>)

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with references to the inner exceptions that are the cause of this exception.

AggregateException(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)
Obsolete.

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with serialized data.

AggregateException(String, Exception)

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with a specified error message and a reference to the inner exception that is the cause of this exception.

AggregateException(String, Exception[])

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with a specified error message and references to the inner exceptions that are the cause of this exception.

AggregateException(String, IEnumerable<Exception>)

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with a specified error message and references to the inner exceptions that are the cause of this exception.

AggregateException(String)

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with a specified message that describes the error.

Properties

Data

Gets a collection of key/value pairs that provide additional user-defined information about the exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
HelpLink

Gets or sets a link to the help file associated with this exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
HResult

Gets or sets HRESULT, a coded numerical value that is assigned to a specific exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
InnerException

Gets the Exception instance that caused the current exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
InnerExceptions

Gets a read-only collection of the Exception instances that caused the current exception.

Message

Gets a message that describes the exception.

Message

Gets a message that describes the current exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
Source

Gets or sets the name of the application or the object that causes the error.

(Inherited from Exception)
StackTrace

Gets a string representation of the immediate frames on the call stack.

(Inherited from Exception)
TargetSite

Gets the method that throws the current exception.

(Inherited from Exception)

Methods

Equals(Object)

Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object.

(Inherited from Object)
Flatten()

Flattens an AggregateException instances into a single, new instance.

GetBaseException()

Returns the Exception that is the root cause of this exception. This exception is either the root exception or the first AggregateException that contains either multiple inner exceptions or no inner exceptions at all.

GetHashCode()

Serves as the default hash function.

(Inherited from Object)
GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)
Obsolete.

Initializes a new instance of the AggregateException class with serialized data.

GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext)
Obsolete.

When overridden in a derived class, sets the SerializationInfo with information about the exception.

(Inherited from Exception)
GetType()

Gets the runtime type of the current instance.

(Inherited from Exception)
Handle(Func<Exception,Boolean>)

Invokes a handler on each Exception contained by this AggregateException.

MemberwiseClone()

Creates a shallow copy of the current Object.

(Inherited from Object)
ToString()

Creates and returns a string representation of the current AggregateException.

Events

SerializeObjectState
Obsolete.

Occurs when an exception is serialized to create an exception state object that contains serialized data about the exception.

(Inherited from Exception)

Applies to

Product Versions
.NET Core 1.0, Core 1.1, Core 2.0, Core 2.1, Core 2.2, Core 3.0, Core 3.1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
.NET Framework 4.0, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.7.1, 4.7.2, 4.8, 4.8.1
.NET Standard 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, 2.0, 2.1
UWP 10.0

Thread Safety

All public and protected members of AggregateException are thread-safe and may be used concurrently from multiple threads.