1.1 Glossary

This document uses the following terms:

best bet: A URL that a site collection administrator assigns to a keyword as being relevant for that keyword. See also visual best bet.

content source: A set of options for specifying the type of content to be crawled and the start addresses for the content to be indexed. A content source is defined by the protocol handler that is used to access specific systems, such as SharePoint sites, file systems, and external websites. A content source can contain up to 500 start addresses.

cookie: A small data file that is stored on a user's computer and carries state information between participating protocol servers and protocol clients.

Coordinated Universal Time (UTC): A high-precision atomic time standard that approximately tracks Universal Time (UT). It is the basis for legal, civil time all over the Earth. Time zones around the world are expressed as positive and negative offsets from UTC. In this role, it is also referred to as Zulu time (Z) and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). In these specifications, all references to UTC refer to the time at UTC-0 (or GMT).

datetime: A data type that represents the date and time when a document can be normalized and indexed as a numeric value by a search application. The range and degree of granularity varies according to search application and implementation.

endpoint: A communication port that is exposed by an application server for a specific shared service and to which messages can be addressed.

federated location: A source that returns search results for a search query. The source can be a local search catalog or an OpenSearch1.0/1.1-compliant search engine, as described in [OpenSearch1.1-Draft3].

federated location definition: The configuration settings that describe how to issue a query for a given federated location and display the search results.

folder: A file system construct. File systems organize a volume's data by providing a hierarchy of objects, which are referred to as folders or directories, that contain files and can also contain other folders.

globally unique identifier (GUID): A term used interchangeably with universally unique identifier (UUID) in Microsoft protocol technical documents (TDs). Interchanging the usage of these terms does not imply or require a specific algorithm or mechanism to generate the value. Specifically, the use of this term does not imply or require that the algorithms described in [RFC4122] or [C706] must be used for generating the GUID. See also universally unique identifier (UUID).

host name: The name of a physical server, as described in [RFC952].

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): An application of the Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) that uses tags to mark elements in a document, as described in [HTML].

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): An application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS): An extension of HTTP that securely encrypts and decrypts web page requests. In some older protocols, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets Layer" is still used (Secure Sockets Layer has been deprecated). For more information, see [SSL3] and [RFC5246].

item: A unit of content that can be indexed and searched by a search application.

Kerberos: An authentication system that enables two parties to exchange private information across an otherwise open network by assigning a unique key (called a ticket) to each user that logs on to the network and then embedding these tickets into messages sent by the users. For more information, see [MS-KILE].

keyword: One or more words or phrases that site administrators identified as important for a search service application. A keyword provides a way to apply business rules to search results for queries that use the keyword.

keyword consumer: A site collection that uses a specific set of keywords, synonyms, and best bets.

keyword synonym: An alternate phrasing of a specific keyword. When users search for a keyword synonym, the search results include the same best bet results as for the keyword.

local search scope: An administrator-defined restriction that can optionally be added to a query to restrict the query results to items that are from a specific SharePoint site collection, site, or list.

managed property: A specific property that is part of a metadata schema. It can be exposed for use in search queries that are executed from the user interface.

proxy: A computer, or the software that runs on it, that acts as a barrier between a network and the Internet by presenting only a single network address to external sites. By acting as a go-between that represents all internal computers, the proxy helps protects network identities while also providing access to the Internet.

query text: The textual, string portion of a query.

restriction: A set of conditions that an item meets to be included in the search results that are returned by a query server in response to a search query.

search alert: An Internet message that is sent to subscribers automatically for a specific query. It notifies subscribers when one or more new results exist, or an existing result was modified.

search application: A unique group of search settings that is associated, one-to-one, with a shared service provider.

search index: A set of data structures that facilitates query evaluation by a search service application. The primary part of a search index is an inverted index of terms.

search query: A complete set of conditions that are used to generate search results, including query text, sort order, and ranking parameters.

search scope: A list of attributes that define a collection of items.

search scope compilation: The process of updating a full-text index catalog to reflect unincorporated changes to the definitions of search scopes.

search scope consumer: A site collection that uses a specific search scope display group.

search scope display group: An ordered set of search scopes that are defined by an administrator or programmatically, and are used to return groups of search scopes. A search scope can be in multiple search scope display groups. A search scope display group is saved for each search scope consumer.

search scope rule: An attribute that specifies which items are included in a search scope.

search scope rule value: A user-specified string that is associated with a search scope rule. It is used to determine the membership of an item in the associated search scope.

search scopes system: All of the global settings of search scopes and search scope compilation.

search service application: A shared service application that provides indexing and querying capabilities.

shared search scope: An administrator-defined restriction that can be added to a query to limit query results to a collection of content. This restriction is available to multiple site collections.

single sign-on (SSO): A process that enables users who have a domain user account to log on to a network and gain access to any computer or resource in the domain without entering their credentials multiple times.

site: A group of related pages and data within a SharePoint site collection. The structure and content of a site is based on a site definition. Also referred to as SharePoint site and web site.

site collection: A set of websites that are in the same content database, have the same owner, and share administration settings. A site collection can be identified by a GUID or the URL of the top-level site for the site collection. Each site collection contains a top-level site, can contain one or more subsites, and can have a shared navigational structure.

site collection administrator: A user who has administrative permissions for a site collection.

site scope: A type of search scope that can be added to a query to limit query results to a specific site collection or site.

SOAP: A lightweight protocol for exchanging structured information in a decentralized, distributed environment. SOAP uses XML technologies to define an extensible messaging framework, which provides a message construct that can be exchanged over a variety of underlying protocols. The framework has been designed to be independent of any particular programming model and other implementation-specific semantics. SOAP 1.2 supersedes SOAP 1.1. See [SOAP1.2-1/2003].

SOAP action: The HTTP request header field used to indicate the intent of the SOAP request, using a URI value. See [SOAP1.1] section 6.1.1 for more information.

SOAP body: A container for the payload data being delivered by a SOAP message to its recipient. See [SOAP1.2-1/2007] section 5.3 for more information.

SOAP fault: A container for error and status information within a SOAP message. See [SOAP1.2-1/2007] section 5.4 for more information.

strong name: A name that consists of the simple text name, version number, and culture information of an assembly, strengthened by a public key and a digital signature that is generated over the assembly.

subdomain: A DNS domain that is located directly beneath another domain name, referred to as the parent domain, in a namespace tree. For example, example.microsoft.com is a subdomain of the microsoft.com domain.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): A protocol used with the Internet Protocol (IP) to send data in the form of message units between computers over the Internet. TCP handles keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient routing through the Internet.

Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): A string that identifies a resource. The URI is an addressing mechanism defined in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax [RFC3986].

Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A string of characters in a standardized format that identifies a document or resource on the World Wide Web. The format is as specified in [RFC1738].

user name: A unique name that identifies a specific user account. The user name of an account is unique among the other group names and user names within its own domain or workgroup.

version: See displayed version, historical version, major version, and minor version.

visualization: The rendering and editing of a federated location by providing the properties, transformations, and sample data for the federation Web Part.

Web Services Description Language (WSDL): An XML format for describing network services as a set of endpoints that operate on messages that contain either document-oriented or procedure-oriented information. The operations and messages are described abstractly and are bound to a concrete network protocol and message format in order to define an endpoint. Related concrete endpoints are combined into abstract endpoints, which describe a network service. WSDL is extensible, which allows the description of endpoints and their messages regardless of the message formats or network protocols that are used.

WSDL message: An abstract, typed definition of the data that is communicated during a WSDL operation [WSDL]. Also, an element that describes the data being exchanged between web service providers and clients.

WSDL operation: A single action or function of a web service. The execution of a WSDL operation typically requires the exchange of messages between the service requestor and the service provider.

XML: The Extensible Markup Language, as described in [XML1.0].

XML schema: A description of a type of XML document that is typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents of that type, in addition to the basic syntax constraints that are imposed by XML itself. An XML schema provides a view of a document type at a relatively high level of abstraction.

XML Schema (XSD): A language that defines the elements, attributes, namespaces, and data types for XML documents as defined by [XMLSCHEMA1/2] and [XMLSCHEMA2/2] standards. An XML schema uses XML syntax for its language.

XSL Transformation (XSLT): A declarative, XML-based language that is used to present or transform XML data. It is designed for use as part of the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL).

MAY, SHOULD, MUST, SHOULD NOT, MUST NOT: These terms (in all caps) are used as defined in [RFC2119]. All statements of optional behavior use either MAY, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT.