Exercise - Create an NVA and virtual machines

Completed

In the next stage of your security implementation, you'll deploy a network virtual appliance (NVA) to secure and monitor traffic between your front-end public servers and internal private servers.

First, configure the appliance to forward IP traffic. If IP forwarding isn't enabled, traffic that is routed through your appliance will never be received by its intended destination servers.

In this exercise, you deploy the nva network appliance to the dmzsubnet subnet. Then you enable IP forwarding so that traffic from * and traffic that uses the custom route is sent to the privatesubnet subnet.

In the following steps, you'll deploy an NVA. You'll then update the Azure virtual NIC and the network settings within the appliance to enable IP forwarding.

Deploy the network virtual appliance

To build the NVA, deploy an Ubuntu LTS instance.

1. In Cloud Shell, run the following command to deploy the appliance. Replace <password> with a suitable password of your choice for the azureuser admin account.

   az vm create \
       --resource-group "<rgn>[sandbox resource group name]</rgn>" \
       --name nva \
       --vnet-name vnet \
       --subnet dmzsubnet \
       --image Ubuntu2204 \
       --admin-username azureuser \
       --admin-password <password>
   

Enable IP forwarding for the Azure network interface

In the next steps, you enable IP forwarding for the nva network appliance. When traffic flows to the NVA but is meant for another target, the NVA will route that traffic to its correct destination.

1. Run the following command to get the NVA network interface's ID:

   NICID=$(az vm nic list \
       --resource-group "<rgn>[sandbox resource group name]</rgn>" \
       --vm-name nva \
       --query "[].{id:id}" --output tsv)
   
   echo $NICID
   

2. Run the following command to get the NVA network interface's name:

   NICNAME=$(az vm nic show \
       --resource-group "<rgn>[sandbox resource group name]</rgn>" \
       --vm-name nva \
       --nic $NICID \
       --query "{name:name}" --output tsv)
   
   echo $NICNAME
   

3. Run the following command to enable IP forwarding for the network interface:

   az network nic update --name $NICNAME \
       --resource-group "<rgn>[sandbox resource group name]</rgn>" \
       --ip-forwarding true
   

Enable IP forwarding in the appliance

1. Run the following command to save the NVA virtual machine's public IP address to the variable NVAIP:

   NVAIP="$(az vm list-ip-addresses \
       --resource-group "<rgn>[sandbox resource group name]</rgn>" \
       --name nva \
       --query "[].virtualMachine.network.publicIpAddresses[*].ipAddress" \
       --output tsv)"
   
   echo $NVAIP
   

2. Run the following command to enable IP forwarding within the NVA:

   ssh -t -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no azureuser@$NVAIP 'sudo sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1; exit;'
   

   When prompted, enter the password you used when you created the virtual machine.