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ONA Analysis

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Analysis in the ONA Azure Template enables you to use graphs to visualize and analyze the formal and informal relationships within your company's communication networks. Successful employees and teams use their networks to get work done effectively. Measuring network attributes tells you what network resources employees can access. Network size is just one attribute of a collaborative network. Network connections have other qualities that tell you more about the type of working relationship and what benefit it might present to employees and groups.

To create these graphs, you need to add a new dataset and then create analysis based on the new dataset.

You can also evaluate external collaboration data. However, the data only has information about how your internal organization collaborates with people outside your organization. The graph analysis cannot show how external people collaborate with each other because the dataset only has information about your organization's internal collaboration data.

To focus your analysis on specific subgroups or compare graphs from different time ranges or between different groups, you can create subgroup datasets and graphs within the selected (parent) dataset. For details, see To add new subgroup analysis.

To add a new dataset

  1. In Workplace Analytics Azure Templates, select Organizational Network Analysis.

  2. In Analysis, select Add New Dataset at top right.

  3. In Define Analysis Settings, enter a name and select a path to the dataset.

  4. In Choose Collaborators, select one of the following:

    • Internal Collaboration - All internal collaboration activity as specified for this analysis.
    • Internal and External Collaboration - Analyzes your internal organization's interactions with specified external domains or accounts in addition to analyzing internal collaboration activity.

    Add a new ONA dataset.

  5. If you selected Internal Collaboration, skip to the next step. For external collaboration, you can specify an Account Mapping File if you want to select friendly account names instead of account domains. Then in Select External Collaborators, select up to five accounts or domains to include in this analysis.

  6. In Select the Grouping Attributes, select the internal attributes you want to analyze in the graph. The available attributes match up to the HR attributes included in the imported organizational data from Workplace Analytics.

  7. If Advanced Mode is Off (at the top), skip to the next step. If Advanced Mode is On, you'll see Specify the Interaction Types and Thresholds, where you can specify the following:

    • Choose the interaction type(s) - Select what to analyze in the dataset, independently or in combination, including emails, meetings, Teams chats, and Teams calls. Note that if you include meetings and Teams calls in your analysis, only unscheduled Team calls are counted to avoid double counting meeting call activity.
    • Max number of people involved in each interaction - Select the maximum number of people involved in each interaction.
    • Minimum number of unique interaction types - Select the minimum number of interaction types that indicate a meaningful interaction.
    • Maximum duration of a meeting or call - Select the maximum number of interactions between the selected groups or people.
    • Advanced Settings - Select to turn it On if you want to specify individual interaction thresholds that define a meaningful connection, such as a minimum number of emails, meetings, chats, calls, and interactions across two or more types.

    Important

    When analyzing calls or chats, you'll only see data from the time period where all signals exist. For example, if you select meetings and calls to analyze and 13 months of meeting data is available, but only three months of Microsoft Teams data is available, you'd only see data for the three months that include all of the selected types of interactions.

  8. Optionally, in Enter any Exclusions, enter one or more terms separated by a comma to exclude meetings with these keywords in the meeting subject line from this analysis. See meeting exclusion rules to learn more about them.

  9. Select Submit. Based on the data size, it might take anywhere from a few minutes up to a few hours to successfully create the dataset.

To add new analysis

  1. After the dataset successfully loads, select it from the list, and then select Preliminary analysis, which the template creates by default as a starting dataset.

  2. In Define Graph Settings > Choose Attribute to Group By, select what HR attribute to use for the combined or grouped view. Optionally, you can select On for Advanced Mode and select an IF/ELSE for selecting how to group the specified group nodes in the graph. For example, to group internal and external people differently in the graph.

    Add New Analysis.

  3. In Chose Attribute to Color By, select what HR attribute you want that represents the node colors in the graph. Optionally, you can select On for Advanced Mode and select an IF/ELSE for the color by attributes in the graph for the different groups.

    Note

    You must select two or more HR attributes to analyze, so you have an attribute to "combine by" and one to "color by" for the graph.

  4. Optionally in Filter Options, you can select one or more filters to further focus the graph view.

  5. Select Render Graph.

  6. The graph is shown in the combined or grouped view by default based on what you selected in the previous step.

    Note

    When the node or link count exceeds the maximum threshold defined by your Azure Templates admin, the individual network view options will be unavailable. To enable these network view options, you can use filters to reduce the graph's node or link count.

  7. To save the current graph for future analysis, select Save, enter a name, and then select Save Graph.

To view graphs

  1. After analysis successfully loads (green check mark), select it from the ONA Analysis list, and then:

    • For new graphs, follow the previous steps to add new analysis.
    • For previously saved graphs, select the Load Saved Graph icon associated with the analysis, and then select it from the list.

    Note

    If you haven't saved any graphs yet, the list will be empty.

  2. At top of the graph, you can select different dates to analyze if the analysis includes different time periods. When you change the dates, you must select Apply to update the graph view.

  3. Use the following options to change the graph view and save new analysis.

    Option Name Description
    ONA no measure. No Measure Changes how the data is measured and shown in the graph based on the Node Size option you select.
    ONA legend. Show or Hide Legend Opens or closes the legend of nodes and their colors based on the graph settings or view selections.
    ONA link color. Link Color Select a different color for the line links shown in the graph.
    ONA dataset parameters. Dataset Parameters Choose to view the network parameter details that you set for the selected dataset.
    ONA network view. Network View Changes how the graph shows the network, which you can view in the following layouts. Note that this option is unavailable when the number of graph nodes exceeds the values set by your admin:
    • Force-directed - Assigns forces among the set of edges and nodes, so they overlap as little as possible and are distributed evenly. This is a good overall view for any kind or size of data and is useful for finding patterns and symmetries.
    • Organic - Spreads nodes and links apart, so multiple components are laid out with larger components in the center to help reveal underlying structures.
    • Tweak - Tries to keep nodes where they are when changing measures or other graph options. This is useful for dynamic and evolving data where you don't want to rearrange the whole network or lose your mental data map for small changes.
    ONA combined view. Combined or Grouped View Change the graph view to Combined or Grouped View, which prompts you to select an HR attribute metric to display the nodes for, such as FunctionType. Optionally, select On for Advanced Mode to see advanced IF/ELSE filter options for grouping the nodes for the selected view, which also enables you to not group selected nodes.
    OnA change color nodes. Change Node Colors Select to change the color of the nodes shown in the graph. You can select to group the node colors by a specific attribute or metric. Optionally, select On for Advanced Mode to see advanced IF/ELSE filter options for colors or to customize colors.
    ONA change settings. Change Settings Select if the link lines scale the thickness or color darkness based on total time spent between groups. You can also use this to turn tool tips on or off. For some views, you can also select to turn on or off node titles.
    ONA filter. Filter by HR attributes Changes the filters that show in the rendered graph. This doesn't change the dataset filters or recalculate the dataset metrics. If you want to calculate new metrics for a subset, you must create a new subset of the dataset.
    ONA download table. Download as Table Choose to download the data shown in the graph as a table (.csv file).
    ONA save graph. Save graph Choose to save this graph as shown to load and view later.
    ONA recompute. Recompute Metrics This only appears if the analysis is filtered by HR attributes. Choose to create new subgroup analysis that recalculates the data values with the applied filters. For more details, see To add subgroup analysis.

To add new subgroup analysis

Subgroup analysis enables you to compare or focus your analysis on specific subgroups within the selected dataset.

  1. You can create a new subgroup in one of the following ways:

    • From the dataset page, select the dataset from the list, and then at top right, select Add New Analysis.
    • From within the graph view of a dataset, select the Recompute Metrics icon, which automatically applies the current filter settings to the Add New Analysis pane.

  2. In the Add New Analysis pane, enter a name for this subgroup analysis, and then select a start and end date for the time range to analyze.

    Add New Subgroup Analysis.

  3. Optionally, in Specify the Network Boundary Condition, you can select either single or multiple network boundaries and applicable HR attributes. With multiple boundaries, you can only select one HR attribute. If you want to analyze more, create new analysis for each.

    Note

    Metrics download is the only option available for multiple network boundaries. No visuals are available, however you can create them with new analysis.

  4. In Select Employee Level Metrics, select which employee level metrics, such as Boundary Spanning or Bridging Index to analyze in the graph.

  5. In Select Group Level Metrics, select the group HR attributes and group metrics to analyze in the combined or grouped view. See Node Measures for more details about these options, such as Boundary spanning and Influence Index.

  6. In Compute Options, select the checkbox if you want to also analyze the monthly data for network and group level metrics.

    Note

    This option is unavailable for the multiple network boundaries option, because multiple network boundaries and multiple time periods cannot be done in the same calculation. This also avoids long run times.

  7. Select Submit to create the graph analysis. The system will process the analysis, which is complete when the Status changes to a green check mark.

To view analysis

  1. In Organizational Network Analysis > Analysis, select the name of the dataset in the table, and then select the name of the analysis in the table.

  2. The following information and options are available in the table for existing analysis:

    • When the Status is a green check mark, the graph analysis was successfully saved and can be viewed.

    • During analysis creation, select the Job Details (i) icon to view details about where the job is at in the process. You can then select Job Queue to see what other jobs are running and where yours is in the queue.

    • If the analysis fails with a Status of a red X, select the Job Details (i) icon to view the details and see what might've caused the failure.

    • Select a table column heading, such as Name or Submitted, to sort by it.

    • Select the Parameters icon next to the name to view details about its parameters, such as the time range, network boundary condition filters, and node and group metrics.

    • Select the Load Saved Graph icon to view any graphs saved for that analysis. The list will be empty if no graphs have been saved yet.

    • Select the Delete Analysis (trashcan) icon to delete analysis that you created from the list.

    • Select the Download icon to download one of the following as a .csv file.

      • Download metrics for the person and group metrics in the saved subgroup graph analysis, which are based on the selected date range and other options. For example, Boundary Spanning will have multiple values based on the attributes selected for the graph.
      • Download interaction matrix for the PersonID interactions and related data, such as date range and connection weights by hours and counts.

      Important

      When you calculate metrics in a Download interaction matrix file, know that your calculations might be different than the metrics calculated in a group-level download file. These differences occur because a person's HR attribute values can change over time and the calculations in the different downloads only use a snapshot of the latest available HR values.

    Organizational Network Analysis.

Node Measures

Each dot or node in the template's network graph represents either an employee or a group. The lines between the nodes represent connections, which are collaborative relationships between the connected employees or groups.

The node measures for employees are de-identified to maintain their privacy. Group node measures represent the group's measures, such as for a department (Sales) or a functional group (program managers) within the organization.

You can size the nodes and connections based on what you want to highlight by using the Scale Nodes option (No Measure by default) at the top. The following shows the measure options available for the Combined or Grouped View of the graph, which include Density and Group Size as an additional Scale Node options that are only available in this view.

Combined or Grouped View measures.

Boundary Spanning

Boundary Spanning measures the extent to which employees act as a representative of their group across the organization. It indicates how people or groups are connecting to and sharing information with others in the organization.

Based on a defined group, Boundary Spanning measures the time an employee or group spends collaborating with other groups, with a boost for the diversity of their connections (number of groups). This does not consider ties inside their own group.

The network boundary is the largest group within your dataset. People that don't meet the filter conditions are excluded from the analysis. For more details, see the measure calculations.

Bridging Index

Bridging Index is the number of times a person or group is on the most probable path of information flow between two other people or groups. Meaning these nodes represent the potential control over the flow of information in your organization.

High values can indicate gatekeepers, liaisons, or change agents. Can be advantageous or stressful playing this role. The periphery may be less influenced by others. For more details, see the measure calculations.

Degrees

Degrees measures the highest number of links to other nodes within the network. Nodes with a high degree of links are those people or groups who have the best connections to others in the network. These people or groups can be key influencers or might just be strategically important for communication.

Degree centrality is based on the number of edges connected to a node. The overall degree is the number of incoming and outgoing edges connected to a node. Indegree is the number of incoming edges to a node and outdegree is the number of outgoing edges. Indegree and outdegree are available in downloaded files only. For more details, see the measure calculations.

Density

This option is only available in the Grouped View. Density measures the number of actual connections out of the number of possible connections within a network or subgroup in a table view. Higher density indicates higher levels of connectivity. Large groups tend to have small values since it's more difficult for everyone to connect with everyone else, so be cautious when comparing across groups. Dense groups indicate cohesion between members.

When viewing Density graph data, the higher density (orange) and lower density (blue) cells are highlighted based on the modularity. The color indicates whether a group is more or less connected in the network, as compared to what's expected with a random network. If no cells are colored, the groups are as dense as expected with no outliers.

A group is orange when it's higher in density and blue when it's lower in density than what's expected. The cells are not colored by the value of the density in the table, they are colored based on the modularity. The colors are only shown in the metrics download (.csv) file and not in the table view in the template. For more details and what modularity and density ratios are, see the measure calculations.

E-I Index

The E-I index is only available in downloaded data. It indicates the size of an imbalance between external and internal collaboration for an individual within a group or for a group. This is helpful in identifying individuals or groups who are at risk of being siloed.

The E-I index is between -1 (all collaboration is internal) and 1 (all communication is external facing). A value of 0 represents a balanced amount of internal and external collaboration. This measure accounts for weighted edges but does not account for direction. An E-I index of -0.67 corresponds to a 5:1 internal to external collaboration. Hence, values at or below -0.67 indicate a group or individual might be at risk of being siloed. In this measure, an individual can only belong to one group. For more details and the difference between individual and group index measures, see the measure calculations.

Group Size

This measure is only available in the combined view. It represents groups based on the number of people in the same group (share the same attribute) for the selected time period. It helps you determine how the group size can affect their interactions.

Note

Filtering will not change group sizes.

Influence Index

Represents the number of links each person or group (node) has and the number of links their connections have, and so on throughout the network. The larger nodes represent the people or groups with high centrality and therefore, are considered key influencers in their network. Influence occurs from these influencers sharing information to their network, who then forward it to theirs, and so on. High values suggest the central person's or group's perspective will flow through the organization with efficiency. For more details, see the measure calculations.

Qualitative Variation Index

The Qualitative Variation Index (QVI) is only available in downloaded data. It measures the diversity among the contacts (egonet) of an individual or a group. It indicates the likelihood that an individual or a group will equally interact with a variety of other groups or with only a few groups. This helps determine how much access they have to new information, which can affect their innovation abilities.

For more details about this measure, see the measure calculations.

Graph notes

  • Line measures - You can select the lines in the graph to show their individual line measures.

  • No Data - If one or more nodes represent groups that don't meet the threshold settings, or no attribute or data is available based on the selected filters, for the view shown, they're combined and listed in a No Data node (such as in the color node list).

  • Delete a node - If you want to exclude a node from the graph, you can use the filter options or select the node in the graph to highlight it, and then press Delete (on your keyboard). Before saving the graph, you can right-click in the graph, and then select Show Hidden to undo a delete.

  • Color-by key - You can select specific metrics to color the graph by, such as by degrees, influence index, bridging index, and boundary spanning. The resulting graph will have nodes colored by using a heat map gradient with the following color scheme. Note that this color-by option is unavailable in Combined View.

    • The lowest values on one end of the spectrum show as light yellow.
    • The highest values on the opposite end show as bright red.
    • The nodes representing values in the middle show as variations of orange.