Array.Sort Método

Referencia

Definición

Espacio de nombres:: System

Ensamblado:: System.Runtime.dll

Ensamblado:: mscorlib.dll

Ensamblado:: netstandard.dll

Importante

Parte de la información hace referencia a la versión preliminar del producto, que puede haberse modificado sustancialmente antes de lanzar la versión definitiva. Microsoft no otorga ninguna garantía, explícita o implícita, con respecto a la información proporcionada aquí.

Ordena los elementos en una matriz unidimensional.

Sobrecargas

Sort(Array, Array, Int32, Int32, IComparer)	Ordena un intervalo de elementos de un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la interfaz IComparer especificada.
Sort(Array, Int32, Int32, IComparer)	Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional utilizando la interfaz IComparer especificada.
Sort(Array, Array, Int32, Int32)	Ordena un intervalo de elementos en un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la implementación de IComparable de cada clave.
Sort(Array, Int32, Int32)	Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional mediante el uso de la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento de la matriz Array.
Sort(Array, IComparer)	Ordena los elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional usando la interfaz IComparer especificada.
Sort(Array, Array)	Ordena un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la implementación de IComparable de cada clave.
Sort(Array)	Ordena los elementos de toda una matriz Array unidimensional usando la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento de la matriz Array.
Sort(Array, Array, IComparer)	Ordena un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la IComparer. especificada.
Sort<T>(T[])	Ordena los elementos de toda una matriz Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento de Array.
Sort<T>(T[], IComparer<T>)	Ordena los elementos de una Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.
Sort<T>(T[], Comparison<T>)	Ordena los elementos de una Array usando el Comparison<T> especificado.
Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32)	Ordena los elementos en un intervalo de elementos en una Array mediante la implementación de interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento de la Array.
Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<T>)	Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos en un elemento Array mediante la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.
Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])	Ordena un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada clave.
Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>)	Ordena un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.
Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32)	Ordena un intervalo de elementos en un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada clave.
Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>)	Ordena un intervalo de elementos de un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.

Sort(Array, Array, Int32, Int32, IComparer)

Ordena un intervalo de elementos de un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la interfaz IComparer especificada.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ keys, Array ^ items, int index, int length, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array items, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array? items, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer? comparer);

static member Sort : Array * Array * int * int * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (keys As Array, items As Array, index As Integer, length As Integer, comparer As IComparer)

Parámetros

keys: Array

La Array unidimensional que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: Array

Array unidimensional que contiene los elementos que corresponden a cada una de las claves del objeto keysArray.

o bien

null para ordenar solo el objeto keysArray.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer

Implementación de IComparer que se va a usar al comparar elementos.

o bien

null para usar la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

RankException

El objeto Array de keys es multidimensional.

o bien

El objeto Array de items es multidimensional.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de keys.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

items no es null y el límite inferior de keys no coincide con el límite inferior de items.

o bien

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de keys.

o bien

items no es null, y index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de items.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null, y uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo ordenar dos matrices asociadas donde la primera matriz contiene las claves y la segunda matriz contiene los valores. Las ordenaciones se realizan mediante el comparador predeterminado y un comparador personalizado que invierte el criterio de ordenación. Tenga en cuenta que el resultado puede variar en función del actual CultureInfo.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class myReverserClass: public IComparer
{
private:

   // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare( Object^ x, Object^ y ) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare( y, x ));
   }
};

void PrintKeysAndValues( array<String^>^myKeys, array<String^>^myValues )
{
   for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys->Length; i++ )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( " {0, -10}: {1}", myKeys[ i ], myValues[ i ] );
   }
   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^myKeys = {"red","GREEN","YELLOW","BLUE","purple","black","orange"};
   array<String^>^myValues = {"strawberries","PEARS","LIMES","BERRIES","grapes","olives","cantaloupe"};
   IComparer^ myComparer = gcnew myReverserClass;

   // Displays the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArray  {

   public class myReverserClass : IComparer  {

      // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      int IComparer.Compare( Object x, Object y )  {
          return( (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare( y, x ) );
      }
   }

   public static void Main()  {

      // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      String[] myKeys = { "red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange" };
      String[] myValues = { "strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe" };
      IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();

      // Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
   }

   public static void PrintKeysAndValues( String[] myKeys, String[] myValues )  {
      for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys.Length; i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys[i], myValues[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}


/*
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

open System
open System.Collections

type MyReverserClass() = 
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let printKeysAndValues (myKeys: string []) (myValues: string []) =
    for i = 0 to myKeys.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   {myKeys[i],-10}: {myValues[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
let myKeys = [| "red"; "GREEN"; "YELLOW"; "BLUE"; "purple"; "black"; "orange" |]
let myValues = [| "strawberries"; "PEARS"; "LIMES"; "BERRIES"; "grapes"; "olives"; "cantaloupe" |]
let myComparer = MyReverserClass()

// Displays the values of the Array.
printfn "The Array initially contains the following values:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues 

// Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" 
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues


// This code produces the following output.
//     The Array initially contains the following values:
//        red       : strawberries
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
//        black     : olives
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        purple    : grapes
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        red       : strawberries
//        purple    : grapes
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        black     : olives

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArray

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Function Compare(x As [Object], y As [Object]) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class


   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      Dim myKeys As [String]() =  {"red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange"}
      Dim myValues As [String]() =  {"strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe"}
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()

      ' Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine("The Array initially contains the following values:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

   End Sub


   Public Shared Sub PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys() As [String], myValues() As [String])

      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To myKeys.Length - 1
         Console.WriteLine("   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys(i), myValues(i))
      Next i
      Console.WriteLine()

   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'
'The Array initially contains the following values:
'   red       : strawberries
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
'   black     : olives
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   purple    : grapes
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   red       : strawberries
'   purple    : grapes
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   black     : olives

Comentarios

Cada clave de keysArray tiene un elemento correspondiente en .itemsArray Cuando se cambia la posición de una clave durante la ordenación, el elemento correspondiente de se itemsArray cambia de posición de forma similar. Por lo tanto, itemsArray se ordena según la disposición de las claves correspondientes en .keysArray

Si comparer es null, cada clave dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con todas las demás claves.

Puede ordenar si hay más elementos que las claves, pero los elementos que no tienen claves correspondientes no se ordenarán. No se puede ordenar si hay más claves que elementos; al hacerlo, se produce una ArgumentExceptionexcepción .

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

.NET incluye implementaciones predefinidas IComparer enumeradas en la tabla siguiente.

Implementación	Descripción
System.Collections.CaseInsensitiveComparer	Compara dos objetos, pero realiza una comparación sin distinción entre mayúsculas y minúsculas de cadenas.
Comparer.Default	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural actual.
Comparer.DefaultInvariant	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural invariable.
Comparer<T>.Default	Compara dos objetos de tipo `T` mediante el criterio de ordenación predeterminado del tipo.

También puede admitir comparaciones personalizadas proporcionando una instancia de su propia IComparer implementación al comparer parámetro . El ejemplo lo hace definiendo una implementación personalizada IComparer que invierte el criterio de ordenación predeterminado y realiza una comparación de cadenas que no distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Esta implementación realiza una ordenación inestable; es decir, si dos elementos son iguales, es posible que su orden no se conserve. Por el contrario, una ordenación estable conserva el orden de los elementos que son iguales.

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación y montón de inserción no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 16 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, Int32, Int32, IComparer)

Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional utilizando la interfaz IComparer especificada.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ array, int index, int length, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public static void Sort (Array array, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

public static void Sort (Array array, int index, int length, System.Collections.IComparer? comparer);

static member Sort : Array * int * int * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (array As Array, index As Integer, length As Integer, comparer As IComparer)

Parámetros

array: Array

Array unidimensional que se va a ordenar.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer

Implementación de IComparer que se va a usar al comparar elementos.

o bien

null para usar la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

RankException

array es multidimensional.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de array.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en array.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o más elementos de la array no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo ordenar los valores de un Array mediante el comparador predeterminado y un comparador personalizado que invierte el criterio de ordenación. Tenga en cuenta que el resultado puede variar en función del actual CultureInfo.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
public:
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare(Object^ x, Object^ y) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare(y, x));
   }
};

void DisplayValues(array<String^>^ arr)
{
   for (int i = arr->GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr->GetUpperBound(0); i++)
      Console::WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[ i ] );

   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Create and initialize a new array. and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^ words = { "The","QUICK","BROWN","FOX","jumps",
                             "over","the","lazy","dog" };
   // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
   IComparer^ revComparer = gcnew ReverseComparer();
   
   // Display the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : BROWN
   [3] : FOX
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : BROWN
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : QUICK
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : BROWN
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : BROWN
   [1] : dog
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : jumps
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : over
   [6] : QUICK
   [7] : the
   [8] : The

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : the
   [1] : The
   [2] : QUICK
   [3] : over
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : jumps
   [6] : FOX
   [7] : dog
   [8] : BROWN

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   public int Compare(Object x, Object y)
   {
       return (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x );
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create and initialize a new array.
      String[] words = { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps",
                         "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" };
      // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
      IComparer revComparer = new ReverseComparer();

      // Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);
   }

   public static void DisplayValues(String[] arr)
   {
      for ( int i = arr.GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr.GetUpperBound(0);
            i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

open System
open System.Collections

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let displayValues (arr: string []) = 
    for i = 0 to arr.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   [{i}] : {arr[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Create and initialize a new array.
let words = 
    [| "The"; "QUICK"; "BROWN"; "FOX"; "jumps"
       "over"; "the"; "lazy"; "dog" |]

// Instantiate the reverse comparer.
let revComparer = ReverseComparer()

// Display the values of the array.
printfn "The original order of elements in the array:" 
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort words
printfn "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

Imports System.Collections

Public Class ReverseComparer : Implements IComparer
   ' Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   Function Compare(x As Object, y As Object) As Integer _
            Implements IComparer.Compare
      Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
   End Function 
End Class

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create and initialize a new array.
      Dim words() As String =  { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps", 
                                 "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" }
      ' Instantiate a new custom comparer.
      Dim revComparer As New ReverseComparer()

      ' Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" )
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)
   End Sub 

   Public Sub DisplayValues(arr() As String)
      For i As Integer = arr.GetLowerBound(0) To arr.GetUpperBound(0)
         Console.WriteLine("   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr(i))
      Next 
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub 
End Module 
' The example displays the following output:
'    The original order of elements in the array:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : BROWN
'       [3] : FOX
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : BROWN
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : QUICK
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : BROWN
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : BROWN
'       [1] : dog
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : jumps
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : QUICK
'       [7] : the
'       [8] : The
'    
'    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : the
'       [1] : The
'       [2] : QUICK
'       [3] : over
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : jumps
'       [6] : FOX
'       [7] : dog
'       [8] : BROWN

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada elemento dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de array debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

.NET incluye implementaciones predefinidas IComparer enumeradas en la tabla siguiente.

Implementación	Descripción
System.Collections.CaseInsensitiveComparer	Compara dos objetos, pero realiza una comparación sin distinción entre mayúsculas y minúsculas de cadenas.
Comparer.Default	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural actual.
Comparer.DefaultInvariant	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural invariable.
Comparer<T>.Default	Compara dos objetos de tipo `T` mediante el criterio de ordenación predeterminado del tipo.

También puede admitir comparaciones personalizadas proporcionando una instancia de su propia IComparer implementación al comparer parámetro . El ejemplo lo hace definiendo una ReverseComparer clase que invierte el criterio de ordenación predeterminado para las instancias de un tipo y realiza una comparación de cadenas que no distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, Array, Int32, Int32)

Ordena un intervalo de elementos en un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la implementación de IComparable de cada clave.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ keys, Array ^ items, int index, int length);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array items, int index, int length);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array? items, int index, int length);

static member Sort : Array * Array * int * int -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (keys As Array, items As Array, index As Integer, length As Integer)

Parámetros

keys: Array

La Array unidimensional que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: Array

Array unidimensional que contiene los elementos que corresponden a cada una de las claves del objeto keysArray.

o bien

null para ordenar solo el objeto keysArray.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

RankException

El objeto Array de keys es multidimensional.

o bien

El objeto Array de items es multidimensional.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de keys.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de keys.

o bien

items no es null, y index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de items.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz IComparable.

Ejemplos

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class myReverserClass: public IComparer
{
private:

   // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare( Object^ x, Object^ y ) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare( y, x ));
   }
};

void PrintKeysAndValues( array<String^>^myKeys, array<String^>^myValues )
{
   for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys->Length; i++ )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( " {0, -10}: {1}", myKeys[ i ], myValues[ i ] );
   }
   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^myKeys = {"red","GREEN","YELLOW","BLUE","purple","black","orange"};
   array<String^>^myValues = {"strawberries","PEARS","LIMES","BERRIES","grapes","olives","cantaloupe"};
   IComparer^ myComparer = gcnew myReverserClass;

   // Displays the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArray  {

   public class myReverserClass : IComparer  {

      // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      int IComparer.Compare( Object x, Object y )  {
          return( (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare( y, x ) );
      }
   }

   public static void Main()  {

      // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      String[] myKeys = { "red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange" };
      String[] myValues = { "strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe" };
      IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();

      // Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
   }

   public static void PrintKeysAndValues( String[] myKeys, String[] myValues )  {
      for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys.Length; i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys[i], myValues[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}


/*
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

open System
open System.Collections

type MyReverserClass() = 
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let printKeysAndValues (myKeys: string []) (myValues: string []) =
    for i = 0 to myKeys.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   {myKeys[i],-10}: {myValues[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
let myKeys = [| "red"; "GREEN"; "YELLOW"; "BLUE"; "purple"; "black"; "orange" |]
let myValues = [| "strawberries"; "PEARS"; "LIMES"; "BERRIES"; "grapes"; "olives"; "cantaloupe" |]
let myComparer = MyReverserClass()

// Displays the values of the Array.
printfn "The Array initially contains the following values:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues 

// Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" 
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues


// This code produces the following output.
//     The Array initially contains the following values:
//        red       : strawberries
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
//        black     : olives
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        purple    : grapes
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        red       : strawberries
//        purple    : grapes
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        black     : olives

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArray

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Function Compare(x As [Object], y As [Object]) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class


   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      Dim myKeys As [String]() =  {"red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange"}
      Dim myValues As [String]() =  {"strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe"}
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()

      ' Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine("The Array initially contains the following values:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

   End Sub


   Public Shared Sub PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys() As [String], myValues() As [String])

      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To myKeys.Length - 1
         Console.WriteLine("   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys(i), myValues(i))
      Next i
      Console.WriteLine()

   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'
'The Array initially contains the following values:
'   red       : strawberries
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
'   black     : olives
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   purple    : grapes
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   red       : strawberries
'   purple    : grapes
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   black     : olives

Comentarios

Cada clave dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, Int32, Int32)

Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional mediante el uso de la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento de la matriz Array.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ array, int index, int length);

public static void Sort (Array array, int index, int length);

static member Sort : Array * int * int -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (array As Array, index As Integer, length As Integer)

Parámetros

array: Array

Array unidimensional que se va a ordenar.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

RankException

array es multidimensional.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de array.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en array.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos de la array no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

Ejemplos

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
public:
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare(Object^ x, Object^ y) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare(y, x));
   }
};

void DisplayValues(array<String^>^ arr)
{
   for (int i = arr->GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr->GetUpperBound(0); i++)
      Console::WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[ i ] );

   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Create and initialize a new array. and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^ words = { "The","QUICK","BROWN","FOX","jumps",
                             "over","the","lazy","dog" };
   // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
   IComparer^ revComparer = gcnew ReverseComparer();
   
   // Display the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : BROWN
   [3] : FOX
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : BROWN
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : QUICK
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : BROWN
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : BROWN
   [1] : dog
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : jumps
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : over
   [6] : QUICK
   [7] : the
   [8] : The

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : the
   [1] : The
   [2] : QUICK
   [3] : over
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : jumps
   [6] : FOX
   [7] : dog
   [8] : BROWN

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   public int Compare(Object x, Object y)
   {
       return (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x );
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create and initialize a new array.
      String[] words = { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps",
                         "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" };
      // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
      IComparer revComparer = new ReverseComparer();

      // Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);
   }

   public static void DisplayValues(String[] arr)
   {
      for ( int i = arr.GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr.GetUpperBound(0);
            i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

open System
open System.Collections

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let displayValues (arr: string []) = 
    for i = 0 to arr.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   [{i}] : {arr[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Create and initialize a new array.
let words = 
    [| "The"; "QUICK"; "BROWN"; "FOX"; "jumps"
       "over"; "the"; "lazy"; "dog" |]

// Instantiate the reverse comparer.
let revComparer = ReverseComparer()

// Display the values of the array.
printfn "The original order of elements in the array:" 
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort words
printfn "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

Imports System.Collections

Public Class ReverseComparer : Implements IComparer
   ' Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   Function Compare(x As Object, y As Object) As Integer _
            Implements IComparer.Compare
      Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
   End Function 
End Class

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create and initialize a new array.
      Dim words() As String =  { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps", 
                                 "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" }
      ' Instantiate a new custom comparer.
      Dim revComparer As New ReverseComparer()

      ' Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" )
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)
   End Sub 

   Public Sub DisplayValues(arr() As String)
      For i As Integer = arr.GetLowerBound(0) To arr.GetUpperBound(0)
         Console.WriteLine("   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr(i))
      Next 
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub 
End Module 
' The example displays the following output:
'    The original order of elements in the array:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : BROWN
'       [3] : FOX
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : BROWN
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : QUICK
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : BROWN
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : BROWN
'       [1] : dog
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : jumps
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : QUICK
'       [7] : the
'       [8] : The
'    
'    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : the
'       [1] : The
'       [2] : QUICK
'       [3] : over
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : jumps
'       [6] : FOX
'       [7] : dog
'       [8] : BROWN

Comentarios

Cada elemento dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de array debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, IComparer)

Ordena los elementos de una matriz Array unidimensional usando la interfaz IComparer especificada.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ array, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public static void Sort (Array array, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

public static void Sort (Array array, System.Collections.IComparer? comparer);

static member Sort : Array * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (array As Array, comparer As IComparer)

Parámetros

array: Array

Matriz unidimensional que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer

Implementación que se usa al comparar elementos.

o bien

null para usar la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

RankException

array es multidimensional.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o más elementos de la array no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

ArgumentException

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo siguiente se ordenan los valores de una matriz de cadenas mediante el comparador predeterminado. También define una implementación personalizada IComparer denominada ReverseComparer que invierte el criterio de ordenación predeterminado de un objeto mientras se realiza una comparación de cadenas que no distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas. Tenga en cuenta que la salida puede variar en función de la referencia cultural actual.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
public:
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare(Object^ x, Object^ y) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare(y, x));
   }
};

void DisplayValues(array<String^>^ arr)
{
   for (int i = arr->GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr->GetUpperBound(0); i++)
      Console::WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[ i ] );

   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Create and initialize a new array. and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^ words = { "The","QUICK","BROWN","FOX","jumps",
                             "over","the","lazy","dog" };
   // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
   IComparer^ revComparer = gcnew ReverseComparer();
   
   // Display the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : BROWN
   [3] : FOX
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : BROWN
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : QUICK
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : BROWN
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : BROWN
   [1] : dog
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : jumps
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : over
   [6] : QUICK
   [7] : the
   [8] : The

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : the
   [1] : The
   [2] : QUICK
   [3] : over
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : jumps
   [6] : FOX
   [7] : dog
   [8] : BROWN

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   public int Compare(Object x, Object y)
   {
       return (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x );
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create and initialize a new array.
      String[] words = { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps",
                         "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" };
      // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
      IComparer revComparer = new ReverseComparer();

      // Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);
   }

   public static void DisplayValues(String[] arr)
   {
      for ( int i = arr.GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr.GetUpperBound(0);
            i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

open System
open System.Collections

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let displayValues (arr: string []) = 
    for i = 0 to arr.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   [{i}] : {arr[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Create and initialize a new array.
let words = 
    [| "The"; "QUICK"; "BROWN"; "FOX"; "jumps"
       "over"; "the"; "lazy"; "dog" |]

// Instantiate the reverse comparer.
let revComparer = ReverseComparer()

// Display the values of the array.
printfn "The original order of elements in the array:" 
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort words
printfn "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

Imports System.Collections

Public Class ReverseComparer : Implements IComparer
   ' Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   Function Compare(x As Object, y As Object) As Integer _
            Implements IComparer.Compare
      Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
   End Function 
End Class

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create and initialize a new array.
      Dim words() As String =  { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps", 
                                 "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" }
      ' Instantiate a new custom comparer.
      Dim revComparer As New ReverseComparer()

      ' Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" )
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)
   End Sub 

   Public Sub DisplayValues(arr() As String)
      For i As Integer = arr.GetLowerBound(0) To arr.GetUpperBound(0)
         Console.WriteLine("   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr(i))
      Next 
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub 
End Module 
' The example displays the following output:
'    The original order of elements in the array:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : BROWN
'       [3] : FOX
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : BROWN
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : QUICK
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : BROWN
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : BROWN
'       [1] : dog
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : jumps
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : QUICK
'       [7] : the
'       [8] : The
'    
'    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : the
'       [1] : The
'       [2] : QUICK
'       [3] : over
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : jumps
'       [6] : FOX
'       [7] : dog
'       [8] : BROWN

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada elemento de array debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de arrayn.

.NET incluye implementaciones predefinidas IComparer enumeradas en la tabla siguiente.

Implementación	Descripción
System.Collections.CaseInsensitiveComparer	Compara dos objetos, pero realiza una comparación sin distinción entre mayúsculas y minúsculas de cadenas.
Comparer.Default	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural actual.
Comparer.DefaultInvariant	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural invariable.
Comparer<T>.Default	Compara dos objetos de tipo `T` mediante el criterio de ordenación predeterminado del tipo.

También puede admitir comparaciones personalizadas proporcionando una instancia de su propia IComparer implementación al comparer parámetro . El ejemplo lo hace definiendo una ReverseComparer clase que invierte el criterio de ordenación predeterminado para las instancias de un tipo y realiza una comparación de cadenas que no distingue mayúsculas de minúsculas.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación de inserción y montón no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 16 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, Array)

Ordena un par de objetos Array unidimensionales (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la implementación de IComparable de cada clave.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ keys, Array ^ items);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array items);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array? items);

static member Sort : Array * Array -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (keys As Array, items As Array)

Parámetros

keys: Array

La Array unidimensional que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: Array

Array unidimensional que contiene los elementos que corresponden a cada una de las claves del objeto keysArray.

o bien

null para ordenar solo el objeto keysArray.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

RankException

El objeto Array de keys es multidimensional.

o bien

El objeto Array de items es multidimensional.

ArgumentException

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz IComparable.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo siguiente se muestra cómo ordenar dos matrices asociadas donde la primera matriz contiene las claves y la segunda matriz contiene los valores. Las ordenaciones se realizan mediante el comparador predeterminado y un comparador personalizado que invierte el criterio de ordenación. Tenga en cuenta que el resultado puede variar según el actual CultureInfo.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class myReverserClass: public IComparer
{
private:

   // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare( Object^ x, Object^ y ) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare( y, x ));
   }
};

void PrintKeysAndValues( array<String^>^myKeys, array<String^>^myValues )
{
   for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys->Length; i++ )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( " {0, -10}: {1}", myKeys[ i ], myValues[ i ] );
   }
   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^myKeys = {"red","GREEN","YELLOW","BLUE","purple","black","orange"};
   array<String^>^myValues = {"strawberries","PEARS","LIMES","BERRIES","grapes","olives","cantaloupe"};
   IComparer^ myComparer = gcnew myReverserClass;

   // Displays the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArray  {

   public class myReverserClass : IComparer  {

      // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      int IComparer.Compare( Object x, Object y )  {
          return( (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare( y, x ) );
      }
   }

   public static void Main()  {

      // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      String[] myKeys = { "red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange" };
      String[] myValues = { "strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe" };
      IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();

      // Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
   }

   public static void PrintKeysAndValues( String[] myKeys, String[] myValues )  {
      for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys.Length; i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys[i], myValues[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}


/*
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

open System
open System.Collections

type MyReverserClass() = 
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let printKeysAndValues (myKeys: string []) (myValues: string []) =
    for i = 0 to myKeys.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   {myKeys[i],-10}: {myValues[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
let myKeys = [| "red"; "GREEN"; "YELLOW"; "BLUE"; "purple"; "black"; "orange" |]
let myValues = [| "strawberries"; "PEARS"; "LIMES"; "BERRIES"; "grapes"; "olives"; "cantaloupe" |]
let myComparer = MyReverserClass()

// Displays the values of the Array.
printfn "The Array initially contains the following values:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues 

// Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" 
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues


// This code produces the following output.
//     The Array initially contains the following values:
//        red       : strawberries
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
//        black     : olives
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        purple    : grapes
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        red       : strawberries
//        purple    : grapes
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        black     : olives

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArray

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Function Compare(x As [Object], y As [Object]) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class


   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      Dim myKeys As [String]() =  {"red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange"}
      Dim myValues As [String]() =  {"strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe"}
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()

      ' Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine("The Array initially contains the following values:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

   End Sub


   Public Shared Sub PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys() As [String], myValues() As [String])

      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To myKeys.Length - 1
         Console.WriteLine("   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys(i), myValues(i))
      Next i
      Console.WriteLine()

   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'
'The Array initially contains the following values:
'   red       : strawberries
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
'   black     : olives
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   purple    : grapes
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   red       : strawberries
'   purple    : grapes
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   black     : olives

Comentarios

Cada clave de keysArray tiene un elemento correspondiente en .itemsArray Cuando se cambia la posición de una clave durante la ordenación, el elemento correspondiente de itemsArray se cambia de posición de forma similar. Por lo tanto, el itemsArray objeto se ordena según la disposición de las claves correspondientes en .keysArray

Cada clave de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Puede ordenar si hay más elementos que claves, pero los elementos que no tienen claves correspondientes no se ordenarán. No se puede ordenar si hay más claves que elementos; al hacer esto se produce una ArgumentExceptionexcepción .

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de keysn.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array)

Ordena los elementos de toda una matriz Array unidimensional usando la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento de la matriz Array.

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ array);

public static void Sort (Array array);

static member Sort : Array -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (array As Array)

Parámetros

array: Array

Array unidimensional que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

RankException

array es multidimensional.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos de la array no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra cómo ordenar los valores de mediante Array el comparador predeterminado y un comparador personalizado que invierte el criterio de ordenación. Tenga en cuenta que el resultado puede variar según el actual CultureInfo.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
public:
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare(Object^ x, Object^ y) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare(y, x));
   }
};

void DisplayValues(array<String^>^ arr)
{
   for (int i = arr->GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr->GetUpperBound(0); i++)
      Console::WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[ i ] );

   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Create and initialize a new array. and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^ words = { "The","QUICK","BROWN","FOX","jumps",
                             "over","the","lazy","dog" };
   // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
   IComparer^ revComparer = gcnew ReverseComparer();
   
   // Display the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort(words);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);

   // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort(words, revComparer);
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
   DisplayValues(words);
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : BROWN
   [3] : FOX
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : BROWN
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : QUICK
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : The
   [1] : QUICK
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : BROWN
   [4] : jumps
   [5] : over
   [6] : the
   [7] : lazy
   [8] : dog

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   [0] : BROWN
   [1] : dog
   [2] : FOX
   [3] : jumps
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : over
   [6] : QUICK
   [7] : the
   [8] : The

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   [0] : the
   [1] : The
   [2] : QUICK
   [3] : over
   [4] : lazy
   [5] : jumps
   [6] : FOX
   [7] : dog
   [8] : BROWN

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class ReverseComparer : IComparer
{
   // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   public int Compare(Object x, Object y)
   {
       return (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare(y, x );
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create and initialize a new array.
      String[] words = { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps",
                         "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" };
      // Instantiate the reverse comparer.
      IComparer revComparer = new ReverseComparer();

      // Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" );
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);

      // Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer);
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:");
      DisplayValues(words);
   }

   public static void DisplayValues(String[] arr)
   {
      for ( int i = arr.GetLowerBound(0); i <= arr.GetUpperBound(0);
            i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

open System
open System.Collections

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let displayValues (arr: string []) = 
    for i = 0 to arr.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   [{i}] : {arr[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Create and initialize a new array.
let words = 
    [| "The"; "QUICK"; "BROWN"; "FOX"; "jumps"
       "over"; "the"; "lazy"; "dog" |]

// Instantiate the reverse comparer.
let revComparer = ReverseComparer()

// Display the values of the array.
printfn "The original order of elements in the array:" 
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort words
printfn "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:"
displayValues words

// Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
displayValues words

// The example displays the following output:
//    The original order of elements in the array:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : BROWN
//       [3] : FOX
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : BROWN
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : QUICK
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : The
//       [1] : QUICK
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : BROWN
//       [4] : jumps
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : the
//       [7] : lazy
//       [8] : dog
//
//    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
//       [0] : BROWN
//       [1] : dog
//       [2] : FOX
//       [3] : jumps
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : over
//       [6] : QUICK
//       [7] : the
//       [8] : The
//
//    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//       [0] : the
//       [1] : The
//       [2] : QUICK
//       [3] : over
//       [4] : lazy
//       [5] : jumps
//       [6] : FOX
//       [7] : dog
//       [8] : BROWN

Imports System.Collections

Public Class ReverseComparer : Implements IComparer
   ' Call CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
   Function Compare(x As Object, y As Object) As Integer _
            Implements IComparer.Compare
      Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
   End Function 
End Class

Public Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create and initialize a new array.
      Dim words() As String =  { "The", "QUICK", "BROWN", "FOX", "jumps", 
                                 "over", "the", "lazy", "dog" }
      ' Instantiate a new custom comparer.
      Dim revComparer As New ReverseComparer()

      ' Display the values of the array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The original order of elements in the array:" )
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort a section of the array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, 1, 3, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(words)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)

      ' Sort the entire array by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(words, revComparer)
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      DisplayValues(words)
   End Sub 

   Public Sub DisplayValues(arr() As String)
      For i As Integer = arr.GetLowerBound(0) To arr.GetUpperBound(0)
         Console.WriteLine("   [{0}] : {1}", i, arr(i))
      Next 
      Console.WriteLine()
   End Sub 
End Module 
' The example displays the following output:
'    The original order of elements in the array:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : BROWN
'       [3] : FOX
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : BROWN
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : QUICK
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting elements 1-3 by using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : The
'       [1] : QUICK
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : BROWN
'       [4] : jumps
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : the
'       [7] : lazy
'       [8] : dog
'    
'    After sorting the entire array by using the default comparer:
'       [0] : BROWN
'       [1] : dog
'       [2] : FOX
'       [3] : jumps
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : over
'       [6] : QUICK
'       [7] : the
'       [8] : The
'    
'    After sorting the entire array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'       [0] : the
'       [1] : The
'       [2] : QUICK
'       [3] : over
'       [4] : lazy
'       [5] : jumps
'       [6] : FOX
'       [7] : dog
'       [8] : BROWN

Comentarios

Cada elemento de array debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de arrayn.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort(Array, Array, IComparer)

public:
 static void Sort(Array ^ keys, Array ^ items, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array items, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

public static void Sort (Array keys, Array? items, System.Collections.IComparer? comparer);

static member Sort : Array * Array * System.Collections.IComparer -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort (keys As Array, items As Array, comparer As IComparer)

Parámetros

keys: Array

La Array unidimensional que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: Array

Array unidimensional que contiene los elementos que corresponden a cada una de las claves del objeto keysArray.

o bien

null para ordenar solo el objeto keysArray.

comparer: IComparer

Implementación de IComparer que se va a usar al comparar elementos.

o bien

null para usar la implementación de IComparable de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

RankException

El objeto Array de keys es multidimensional.

o bien

El objeto Array de items es multidimensional.

ArgumentException

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null, y uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz de IComparable.

Ejemplos

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;

public ref class myReverserClass: public IComparer
{
private:

   // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer::Compare with the parameters reversed.
   virtual int Compare( Object^ x, Object^ y ) = IComparer::Compare
   {
      return ((gcnew CaseInsensitiveComparer)->Compare( y, x ));
   }
};

void PrintKeysAndValues( array<String^>^myKeys, array<String^>^myValues )
{
   for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys->Length; i++ )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( " {0, -10}: {1}", myKeys[ i ], myValues[ i ] );
   }
   Console::WriteLine();
}

int main()
{
   // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
   array<String^>^myKeys = {"red","GREEN","YELLOW","BLUE","purple","black","orange"};
   array<String^>^myValues = {"strawberries","PEARS","LIMES","BERRIES","grapes","olives","cantaloupe"};
   IComparer^ myComparer = gcnew myReverserClass;

   // Displays the values of the Array.
   Console::WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );

   // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

   // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
   Array::Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
   Console::WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
   PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
}

/* 
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

using System;
using System.Collections;

public class SamplesArray  {

   public class myReverserClass : IComparer  {

      // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      int IComparer.Compare( Object x, Object y )  {
          return( (new CaseInsensitiveComparer()).Compare( y, x ) );
      }
   }

   public static void Main()  {

      // Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      String[] myKeys = { "red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange" };
      String[] myValues = { "strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe" };
      IComparer myComparer = new myReverserClass();

      // Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine( "The Array initially contains the following values:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3 );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );

      // Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort( myKeys, myValues, myComparer );
      Console.WriteLine( "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:" );
      PrintKeysAndValues( myKeys, myValues );
   }

   public static void PrintKeysAndValues( String[] myKeys, String[] myValues )  {
      for ( int i = 0; i < myKeys.Length; i++ )  {
         Console.WriteLine( "   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys[i], myValues[i] );
      }
      Console.WriteLine();
   }
}


/*
This code produces the following output.

The Array initially contains the following values:
   red       : strawberries
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   purple    : grapes
   black     : olives
   orange    : cantaloupe

After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
   black     : olives
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   GREEN     : PEARS
   orange    : cantaloupe
   purple    : grapes
   red       : strawberries
   YELLOW    : LIMES

After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
   YELLOW    : LIMES
   red       : strawberries
   purple    : grapes
   orange    : cantaloupe
   GREEN     : PEARS
   BLUE      : BERRIES
   black     : olives

*/

open System
open System.Collections

type MyReverserClass() = 
    interface IComparer with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
            CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)

let printKeysAndValues (myKeys: string []) (myValues: string []) =
    for i = 0 to myKeys.Length - 1 do
        printfn $"   {myKeys[i],-10}: {myValues[i]}"
    printfn ""

// Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
let myKeys = [| "red"; "GREEN"; "YELLOW"; "BLUE"; "purple"; "black"; "orange" |]
let myValues = [| "strawberries"; "PEARS"; "LIMES"; "BERRIES"; "grapes"; "olives"; "cantaloupe" |]
let myComparer = MyReverserClass()

// Displays the values of the Array.
printfn "The Array initially contains the following values:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues 

// Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:" 
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues

// Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
printfn "After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:"
printKeysAndValues myKeys myValues


// This code produces the following output.
//     The Array initially contains the following values:
//        red       : strawberries
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        purple    : grapes
//        black     : olives
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
//        black     : olives
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        purple    : grapes
//        red       : strawberries
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//     
//     After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
//        YELLOW    : LIMES
//        red       : strawberries
//        purple    : grapes
//        orange    : cantaloupe
//        GREEN     : PEARS
//        BLUE      : BERRIES
//        black     : olives

Imports System.Collections

Public Class SamplesArray

   Public Class myReverserClass
      Implements IComparer

      ' Calls CaseInsensitiveComparer.Compare with the parameters reversed.
      Function Compare(x As [Object], y As [Object]) As Integer _
         Implements IComparer.Compare
         Return New CaseInsensitiveComparer().Compare(y, x)
      End Function 'IComparer.Compare

   End Class


   Public Shared Sub Main()

      ' Creates and initializes a new Array and a new custom comparer.
      Dim myKeys As [String]() =  {"red", "GREEN", "YELLOW", "BLUE", "purple", "black", "orange"}
      Dim myValues As [String]() =  {"strawberries", "PEARS", "LIMES", "BERRIES", "grapes", "olives", "cantaloupe"}
      Dim myComparer = New myReverserClass()

      ' Displays the values of the Array.
      Console.WriteLine("The Array initially contains the following values:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, 1, 3, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the default comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

      ' Sorts the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer.
      Array.Sort(myKeys, myValues, myComparer)
      Console.WriteLine("After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:")
      PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys, myValues)

   End Sub


   Public Shared Sub PrintKeysAndValues(myKeys() As [String], myValues() As [String])

      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To myKeys.Length - 1
         Console.WriteLine("   {0,-10}: {1}", myKeys(i), myValues(i))
      Next i
      Console.WriteLine()

   End Sub

End Class


'This code produces the following output.
'
'The Array initially contains the following values:
'   red       : strawberries
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the default comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting a section of the Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   purple    : grapes
'   black     : olives
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the default comparer:
'   black     : olives
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   purple    : grapes
'   red       : strawberries
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'
'After sorting the entire Array using the reverse case-insensitive comparer:
'   YELLOW    : LIMES
'   red       : strawberries
'   purple    : grapes
'   orange    : cantaloupe
'   GREEN     : PEARS
'   BLUE      : BERRIES
'   black     : olives

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada clave de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable interfaz para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

.NET incluye implementaciones predefinidas IComparer enumeradas en la tabla siguiente.

Implementación	Descripción
System.Collections.CaseInsensitiveComparer	Compara dos objetos, pero realiza una comparación sin distinción entre mayúsculas y minúsculas de cadenas.
Comparer.Default	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural actual.
Comparer.DefaultInvariant	Compara dos objetos mediante las convenciones de ordenación de la referencia cultural invariable.
Comparer<T>.Default	Compara dos objetos de tipo `T` mediante el criterio de ordenación predeterminado del tipo.

También puede admitir comparaciones personalizadas proporcionando una instancia de su propia IComparer implementación al comparer parámetro . El ejemplo lo hace definiendo una IComparer implementación que invierte el criterio de ordenación predeterminado y realiza la comparación de cadenas sin distinción entre mayúsculas y minúsculas.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de keysn.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación de inserción y montón no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 16 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<T>(T[])

Ordena los elementos de toda una matriz Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento de Array.

public:
generic <typename T>
 static void Sort(cli::array <T> ^ array);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array);

static member Sort : 'T[] -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of T) (array As T())

Parámetros de tipo

T

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz.

Parámetros

array: T[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o varios elementos de array no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra la sobrecarga del Sort<T>(T[]) método genérico y la sobrecarga del BinarySearch<T>(T[], T) método genérico. Se crea una matriz de cadenas, en ningún orden concreto.

La matriz se muestra, ordena y vuelve a mostrarse.

Nota

Las llamadas a los Sort métodos genéricos y BinarySearch no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del primer argumento. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el lenguaje intermedio (MSIL) de Microsoft, puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

A continuación, se usa la BinarySearch<T>(T[], T) sobrecarga del método genérico para buscar dos cadenas, una que no está en la matriz y otra que es. La matriz y el valor devuelto del BinarySearch método se pasan al ShowWhere método genérico, que muestra el valor de índice si se encuentra la cadena y, de lo contrario, los elementos entre los que se encuentra la cadena de búsqueda se encuentran entre si estuvieran en la matriz. El índice es negativo si la cadena no es n la matriz, por lo que el ShowWhere método toma el complemento bit a bit (el operador ~ en C# y Visual C++, Xor -1 en Visual Basic) para obtener el índice del primer elemento de la lista que es mayor que la cadena de búsqueda.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

generic<typename T> void ShowWhere(array<T>^ arr, int index)
{
    if (index<0)
    {
        // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
        // complement of the next larger element in the array.
        //
        index = ~index;

        Console::Write("Not found. Sorts between: ");

        if (index == 0)
            Console::Write("beginning of array and ");
        else
            Console::Write("{0} and ", arr[index-1]);

        if (index == arr->Length)
            Console::WriteLine("end of array.");
        else
            Console::WriteLine("{0}.", arr[index]);
    }
    else
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus", 
                                 "Amargasaurus", 
                                 "Tyrannosaurus", 
                                 "Mamenchisaurus", 
                                 "Deinonychus", 
                                 "Edmontosaurus"};

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':");
    int index = Array::BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis");
    ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);

    Console::WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':");
    index = Array::BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus");
    ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus

Sort

Amargasaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Pachycephalosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
Not found. Sorts between: Amargasaurus and Deinonychus.

BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
Found at index 5.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus",
                              "Amargasaurus",
                              "Tyrannosaurus",
                              "Mamenchisaurus",
                              "Deinonychus",
                              "Edmontosaurus"};

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':");
        int index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis");
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);

        Console.WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':");
        index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus");
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);
    }

    private static void ShowWhere<T>(T[] array, int index)
    {
        if (index<0)
        {
            // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
            // complement of the next larger element in the array.
            //
            index = ~index;

            Console.Write("Not found. Sorts between: ");

            if (index == 0)
                Console.Write("beginning of array and ");
            else
                Console.Write("{0} and ", array[index-1]);

            if (index == array.Length)
                Console.WriteLine("end of array.");
            else
                Console.WriteLine("{0}.", array[index]);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus

Sort

Amargasaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Pachycephalosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
Not found. Sorts between: Amargasaurus and Deinonychus.

BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
Found at index 5.
 */

open System

let showWhere (array: 'a []) index =
    if index < 0 then
        // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
        // complement of the next larger element in the array.
        let index = ~~~index

        printf "Not found. Sorts between: "

        if index = 0 then
            printf "beginning of array and "
        else
            printf $"{array[index - 1]} and "

        if index = array.Length then
            printfn "end of array."
        else
            printfn $"{array[index]}."
    else
        printfn $"Found at index {index}."

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Pachycephalosaurus"
       "Amargasaurus"
       "Tyrannosaurus"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Deinonychus"
       "Edmontosaurus" |]

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

printfn "\nSort"
Array.Sort dinosaurs

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

printfn "\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':"
let index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis")
showWhere dinosaurs index

printfn "\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':"
Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus")
|> showWhere dinosaurs


// This code example produces the following output:
//
//     Pachycephalosaurus
//     Amargasaurus
//     Tyrannosaurus
//     Mamenchisaurus
//     Deinonychus
//     Edmontosaurus
//
//     Sort
//
//     Amargasaurus
//     Deinonychus
//     Edmontosaurus
//     Mamenchisaurus
//     Pachycephalosaurus
//     Tyrannosaurus
//
//     BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
//     Not found. Sorts between: Amargasaurus and Deinonychus.
//
//     BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
//     Found at index 5.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Pachycephalosaurus", _
            "Amargasaurus", _
            "Tyrannosaurus", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Deinonychus", _
            "Edmontosaurus"  }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':")
        Dim index As Integer = _
            Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis")
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index)

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':")
        index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus")
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index)

    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub ShowWhere(Of T) _
        (ByVal array() As T, ByVal index As Integer) 

        If index < 0 Then
            ' If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
            ' complement of the next larger element in the array.
            '
            index = index Xor -1

            Console.Write("Not found. Sorts between: ")

            If index = 0 Then
                Console.Write("beginning of array and ")
            Else
                Console.Write("{0} and ", array(index - 1))
            End If 

            If index = array.Length Then
                Console.WriteLine("end of array.")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine("{0}.", array(index))
            End If 
        Else
            Console.WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index)
        End If

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Deinonychus
'Edmontosaurus
'
'Sort
'
'Amargasaurus
'Deinonychus
'Edmontosaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'
'BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
'Not found. Sorts between: Amargasaurus and Deinonychus.
'
'BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
'Found at index 5.

Comentarios

Cada elemento de array debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de arrayn.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<T>(T[], IComparer<T>)

Ordena los elementos de una Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.

public:
generic <typename T>
 static void Sort(cli::array <T> ^ array, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<T> ^ comparer);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> comparer);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>? comparer);

static member Sort : 'T[] * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'T> -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of T) (array As T(), comparer As IComparer(Of T))

Parámetros de tipo

T

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz.

Parámetros

array: T[]

Base cero unidimensional Array que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer<T>

La implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> que se va a usar al comparar elementos o null para usar la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o varios elementos de array no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

ArgumentException

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra la sobrecarga del Sort<T>(T[], IComparer<T>) método genérico y la sobrecarga del BinarySearch<T>(T[], T, IComparer<T>) método genérico.

En el ejemplo de código se define un comparador alternativo para cadenas, denominadas ReverseCompare, que implementa la IComparer<string> interfaz genérica (IComparer(Of String) en Visual Basic, IComparer<String^> en Visual C++). El comparador llama al CompareTo(String) método , reversando el orden de los comparands para que las cadenas ordenen de alto a bajo en lugar de baja a alta.

La matriz se muestra, ordena y vuelve a mostrarse. Las matrices deben ordenarse para usar el BinarySearch método .

Nota:

Las llamadas a los Sort<T>(T[], IComparer<T>) métodos genéricos y BinarySearch<T>(T[], T, IComparer<T>) no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del primer argumento. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el lenguaje intermedio (MSIL) de Microsoft, puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

A continuación, se usa la BinarySearch<T>(T[], T, IComparer<T>) sobrecarga del método genérico para buscar dos cadenas, una que no está en la matriz y otra que es. La matriz y el valor devuelto del BinarySearch<T>(T[], T, IComparer<T>) método se pasan al ShowWhere método genérico, que muestra el valor de índice si se encuentra la cadena y, de lo contrario, los elementos entre los que se encuentra la cadena de búsqueda se encuentran entre si estuvieran en la matriz. El índice es negativo si la cadena no es n la matriz, por lo que el ShowWhere método toma el complemento bit a bit (el operador ~ en C# y Visual C++, Xor -1 en Visual Basic) para obtener el índice del primer elemento de la lista que es mayor que la cadena de búsqueda.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

generic<typename T> void ShowWhere(array<T>^ arr, int index)
{
    if (index<0)
    {
        // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
        // complement of the next larger element in the array.
        //
        index = ~index;

        Console::Write("Not found. Sorts between: ");

        if (index == 0)
            Console::Write("beginning of array and ");
        else
            Console::Write("{0} and ", arr[index-1]);

        if (index == arr->Length)
            Console::WriteLine("end of array.");
        else
            Console::WriteLine("{0}.", arr[index]);
    }
    else
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus", 
                                 "Amargasaurus", 
                                 "Tyrannosaurus", 
                                 "Mamenchisaurus", 
                                 "Deinonychus", 
                                 "Edmontosaurus"};

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':");
    int index = Array::BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis", rc);
    ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);

    Console::WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':");
    index = Array::BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus", rc);
    ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus

Sort

Tyrannosaurus
Pachycephalosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Edmontosaurus
Deinonychus
Amargasaurus

BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
Not found. Sorts between: Deinonychus and Amargasaurus.

BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
Found at index 0.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus",
                              "Amargasaurus",
                              "Tyrannosaurus",
                              "Mamenchisaurus",
                              "Deinonychus",
                              "Edmontosaurus"};

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':");
        int index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis", rc);
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);

        Console.WriteLine("\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':");
        index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus", rc);
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index);
    }

    private static void ShowWhere<T>(T[] array, int index)
    {
        if (index<0)
        {
            // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
            // complement of the next larger element in the array.
            //
            index = ~index;

            Console.Write("Not found. Sorts between: ");

            if (index == 0)
                Console.Write("beginning of array and ");
            else
                Console.Write("{0} and ", array[index-1]);

            if (index == array.Length)
                Console.WriteLine("end of array.");
            else
                Console.WriteLine("{0}.", array[index]);
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Deinonychus
Edmontosaurus

Sort

Tyrannosaurus
Pachycephalosaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Edmontosaurus
Deinonychus
Amargasaurus

BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
Not found. Sorts between: Deinonychus and Amargasaurus.

BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
Found at index 0.
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            // Compare y and x in reverse order.
            y.CompareTo x

let showWhere (array: 'a []) index =
    if index < 0 then
        // If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
        // complement of the next larger element in the array.
        let index = ~~~index

        printf "Not found. Sorts between: "

        if index = 0 then
            printf "beginning of array and "
        else
            printf $"{array[index - 1]} and "

        if index = array.Length then
            printfn "end of array."
        else
            printfn $"{array[index]}."
    else
        printfn $"Found at index {index}."

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Pachycephalosaurus"
       "Amargasaurus"
       "Tyrannosaurus"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Deinonychus"
       "Edmontosaurus" |]

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, rc)

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

printfn "\nBinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':"
Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis", rc)
|> showWhere dinosaurs

printfn "\nBinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':"
Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus", rc)
|> showWhere dinosaurs


// This code example produces the following output:
//     Pachycephalosaurus
//     Amargasaurus
//     Tyrannosaurus
//     Mamenchisaurus
//     Deinonychus
//     Edmontosaurus
//
//     Sort
//
//     Tyrannosaurus
//     Pachycephalosaurus
//     Mamenchisaurus
//     Edmontosaurus
//     Deinonychus
//     Amargasaurus
//
//     BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
//     Not found. Sorts between: Deinonychus and Amargasaurus.
//
//     BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
//     Found at index 0.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Pachycephalosaurus", _
            "Amargasaurus", _
            "Tyrannosaurus", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Deinonychus", _
            "Edmontosaurus"  }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':")
        Dim index As Integer = _
            Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Coelophysis", rc)
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index)

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':")
        index = Array.BinarySearch(dinosaurs, "Tyrannosaurus", rc)
        ShowWhere(dinosaurs, index)

    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub ShowWhere(Of T) _
        (ByVal array() As T, ByVal index As Integer) 

        If index < 0 Then
            ' If the index is negative, it represents the bitwise
            ' complement of the next larger element in the array.
            '
            index = index Xor -1

            Console.Write("Not found. Sorts between: ")

            If index = 0 Then
                Console.Write("beginning of array and ")
            Else
                Console.Write("{0} and ", array(index - 1))
            End If 

            If index = array.Length Then
                Console.WriteLine("end of array.")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine("{0}.", array(index))
            End If 
        Else
            Console.WriteLine("Found at index {0}.", index)
        End If

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Deinonychus
'Edmontosaurus
'
'Sort
'
'Tyrannosaurus
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Edmontosaurus
'Deinonychus
'Amargasaurus
'
'BinarySearch for 'Coelophysis':
'Not found. Sorts between: Deinonychus and Amargasaurus.
'
'BinarySearch for 'Tyrannosaurus':
'Found at index 0.

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada elemento de array debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de arrayn.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación de inserción y montón no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 16 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<T>(T[], Comparison<T>)

Ordena los elementos de una Array usando el Comparison<T> especificado.

public:
generic <typename T>
 static void Sort(cli::array <T> ^ array, Comparison<T> ^ comparison);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, Comparison<T> comparison);

static member Sort : 'T[] * Comparison<'T> -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of T) (array As T(), comparison As Comparison(Of T))

Parámetros de tipo

T

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz.

Parámetros

array: T[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que se va a ordenar.

comparison: Comparison<T>

Comparison<T> que se va a utilizar al comparar elementos.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

O bien

comparison es null.

ArgumentException

La implementación de comparison produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparison no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra la sobrecarga del Sort(Comparison<T>) método.

En el ejemplo de código se define un método de comparación alternativo para las cadenas, denominadas CompareDinosByLength. Este método funciona de la siguiente manera: en primer lugar, se pruebannull los comparands y una referencia nula se trata como menor que un valor distinto de NULL. En segundo lugar, se comparan las longitudes de cadena y se considera que la cadena más larga es mayor. En tercer lugar, si las longitudes son iguales, se usa la comparación de cadenas normales.

Se crea una matriz de cadenas y se rellena con cuatro cadenas, en ningún orden concreto. La lista también incluye una cadena vacía y una referencia nula. La lista se muestra, se ordena mediante un Comparison<T> delegado genérico que representa el CompareDinosByLength método y se muestra de nuevo.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

int CompareDinosByLength(String^ x, String^ y)
{
    if (x == nullptr)
    {
        if (y == nullptr)
        {
            // If x is null and y is null, they're
            // equal. 
            return 0;
        }
        else
        {
            // If x is null and y is not null, y
            // is greater. 
            return -1;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // If x is not null...
        //
        if (y == nullptr)
            // ...and y is null, x is greater.
        {
            return 1;
        }
        else
        {
            // ...and y is not null, compare the 
            // lengths of the two strings.
            //
            int retval = x->Length.CompareTo(y->Length);

            if (retval != 0)
            {
                // If the strings are not of equal length,
                // the longer string is greater.
                //
                return retval;
            }
            else
            {
                // If the strings are of equal length,
                // sort them with ordinary string comparison.
                //
                return x->CompareTo(y);
            }
        }
    }
};

void Display(array<String^>^ arr)
{
    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ s in arr)
    {
        if (s == nullptr)
            Console::WriteLine("(null)");
        else
            Console::WriteLine("\"{0}\"", s);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = { 
        "Pachycephalosaurus",
        "Amargasaurus",
        "",
        nullptr,
        "Mamenchisaurus",
        "Deinonychus" };
    Display(dinosaurs);

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort with generic Comparison<String^> delegate:");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs,
        gcnew Comparison<String^>(CompareDinosByLength));
    Display(dinosaurs);

}

/* This code example produces the following output:

"Pachycephalosaurus"
"Amargasaurus"
""
(null)
"Mamenchisaurus"
"Deinonychus"

Sort with generic Comparison<String^> delegate:

(null)
""
"Deinonychus"
"Amargasaurus"
"Mamenchisaurus"
"Pachycephalosaurus"
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class Example
{
    private static int CompareDinosByLength(string x, string y)
    {
        if (x == null)
        {
            if (y == null)
            {
                // If x is null and y is null, they're
                // equal.
                return 0;
            }
            else
            {
                // If x is null and y is not null, y
                // is greater.
                return -1;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            // If x is not null...
            //
            if (y == null)
                // ...and y is null, x is greater.
            {
                return 1;
            }
            else
            {
                // ...and y is not null, compare the
                // lengths of the two strings.
                //
                int retval = x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length);

                if (retval != 0)
                {
                    // If the strings are not of equal length,
                    // the longer string is greater.
                    //
                    return retval;
                }
                else
                {
                    // If the strings are of equal length,
                    // sort them with ordinary string comparison.
                    //
                    return x.CompareTo(y);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {
            "Pachycephalosaurus",
            "Amargasaurus",
            "",
            null,
            "Mamenchisaurus",
            "Deinonychus" };
        Display(dinosaurs);

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort with generic Comparison<string> delegate:");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, CompareDinosByLength);
        Display(dinosaurs);
    }

    private static void Display(string[] arr)
    {
        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string s in arr )
        {
            if (s == null)
                Console.WriteLine("(null)");
            else
                Console.WriteLine("\"{0}\"", s);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

"Pachycephalosaurus"
"Amargasaurus"
""
(null)
"Mamenchisaurus"
"Deinonychus"

Sort with generic Comparison<string> delegate:

(null)
""
"Deinonychus"
"Amargasaurus"
"Mamenchisaurus"
"Pachycephalosaurus"
 */

open System

let compareDinosByLength (x: string) (y: string) =
    match x with
    // If x is null and y is null, they're equal.
    | null when isNull y -> 0 
    // If x is null and y is not null, y is greater.
    | null -> -1
    // If x is not null and y is null, x is greater.
    | _ when isNull y -> 1    
    // If x is not null and y is not null, compare the lengths of the two strings.
    | _ ->
        let retval = x.Length.CompareTo y.Length
        if retval <> 0 then
            // If the strings are not of equal length, the longer string is greater.
            retval
        else
            // If the strings are of equal length, sort them with ordinary string comparison.
            x.CompareTo y

let display arr =
    printfn ""
    for s in arr do
        if isNull s then
            printfn "(null)"
        else
            printfn $"\"{s}\""

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Pachycephalosaurus"
       "Amargasaurus"
       ""
       null
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Deinonychus" |]
       
display dinosaurs

printfn "\nSort with generic Comparison<string> delegate:"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, compareDinosByLength)
display dinosaurs

// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    "Pachycephalosaurus"
//    "Amargasaurus"
//    ""
//    (null)
//    "Mamenchisaurus"
//    "Deinonychus"
//    
//    Sort with generic Comparison<string> delegate:
//    
//    (null)
//    ""
//    "Deinonychus"
//    "Amargasaurus"
//    "Mamenchisaurus"
//    "Pachycephalosaurus"
//

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class Example

    Private Shared Function CompareDinosByLength( _
        ByVal x As String, ByVal y As String) As Integer

        If x Is Nothing Then
            If y Is Nothing Then 
                ' If x is Nothing and y is Nothing, they're
                ' equal. 
                Return 0
            Else
                ' If x is Nothing and y is not Nothing, y
                ' is greater. 
                Return -1
            End If
        Else
            ' If x is not Nothing...
            '
            If y Is Nothing Then
                ' ...and y is Nothing, x is greater.
                Return 1
            Else
                ' ...and y is not Nothing, compare the 
                ' lengths of the two strings.
                '
                Dim retval As Integer = _
                    x.Length.CompareTo(y.Length)

                If retval <> 0 Then 
                    ' If the strings are not of equal length,
                    ' the longer string is greater.
                    '
                    Return retval
                Else
                    ' If the strings are of equal length,
                    ' sort them with ordinary string comparison.
                    '
                    Return x.CompareTo(y)
                End If
            End If
        End If

    End Function

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Pachycephalosaurus", _
            "Amargasaurus", _
            "", _
            Nothing, _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Deinonychus" }
        Display(dinosaurs)

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort with generic Comparison(Of String) delegate:")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, AddressOf CompareDinosByLength)
        Display(dinosaurs)

    End Sub

    Private Shared Sub Display(ByVal arr() As String)
        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each s As String In arr
            If s Is Nothing Then
                Console.WriteLine("(Nothing)")
            Else
                Console.WriteLine("""{0}""", s)
            End If
        Next
    End Sub
End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'"Pachycephalosaurus"
'"Amargasaurus"
'""
'(Nothing)
'"Mamenchisaurus"
'"Deinonychus"
'
'Sort with generic Comparison(Of String) delegate:
'
'(Nothing)
'""
'"Deinonychus"
'"Amargasaurus"
'"Mamenchisaurus"
'"Pachycephalosaurus"

Comentarios

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) como se indica a continuación:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es el Length de arrayn.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación de inserción y montón no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 6 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32)

Ordena los elementos en un intervalo de elementos en una Array mediante la implementación de interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento de la Array.

public:
generic <typename T>
 static void Sort(cli::array <T> ^ array, int index, int length);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, int index, int length);

static member Sort : 'T[] * int * int -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of T) (array As T(), index As Integer, length As Integer)

Parámetros de tipo

T

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz.

Parámetros

array: T[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que se va a ordenar.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de array.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en array.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o varios elementos de array no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestra la Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga de método genérico y la sobrecarga del Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) método genérico para ordenar un rango en una matriz.

El ejemplo de código crea y muestra una matriz de nombres de dinosaurios, que consta de tres herbívoros seguidos de tres carnívoros (tiranosauridos, para ser precisos). La Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga del método genérico se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de la matriz, que se muestran a continuación. La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga del método genérico se usa con ReverseCompare para ordenar los tres últimos elementos en orden inverso. Los dinosaurios completamente confundidos se muestran de nuevo.

Nota:

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus", 
                                 "Amargasaurus", 
                                 "Mamenchisaurus",
                                 "Tarbosaurus",
                                 "Tyrannosaurus", 
                                 "Albertasaurus"};

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Albertasaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Albertasaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Tarbosaurus
Albertasaurus
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus",
                              "Amargasaurus",
                              "Mamenchisaurus",
                              "Tarbosaurus",
                              "Tyrannosaurus",
                              "Albertasaurus"};

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Albertasaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Albertasaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Tarbosaurus
Albertasaurus
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface  IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs = 
    [| "Pachycephalosaurus"
       "Amargasaurus"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Tarbosaurus"
       "Tyrannosaurus"
       "Albertasaurus" |]

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"


// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    Albertasaurus
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)
//    
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Albertasaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Albertasaurus

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Pachycephalosaurus", _
            "Amargasaurus", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Tarbosaurus", _
            "Tyrannosaurus", _
            "Albertasaurus"  }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Albertasaurus
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Albertasaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Albertasaurus

Comentarios

Cada elemento dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos array de debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<T>(T[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<T>)

Ordena los elementos de un intervalo de elementos en un elemento Array mediante la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.

public:
generic <typename T>
 static void Sort(cli::array <T> ^ array, int index, int length, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<T> ^ comparer);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, int index, int length, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T> comparer);

public static void Sort<T> (T[] array, int index, int length, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<T>? comparer);

static member Sort : 'T[] * int * int * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'T> -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of T) (array As T(), index As Integer, length As Integer, comparer As IComparer(Of T))

Parámetros de tipo

T

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz.

Parámetros

array: T[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que se va a ordenar.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer<T>

La implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> que se va a usar al comparar elementos o null para usar la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

array es null.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de array.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en array.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o varios elementos de array no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

Nota:

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus", 
                                 "Amargasaurus", 
                                 "Mamenchisaurus",
                                 "Tarbosaurus",
                                 "Tyrannosaurus", 
                                 "Albertasaurus"};

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for each(String^ dinosaur in dinosaurs)
    {
        Console::WriteLine(dinosaur);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Albertasaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Albertasaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Tarbosaurus
Albertasaurus
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {"Pachycephalosaurus",
                              "Amargasaurus",
                              "Mamenchisaurus",
                              "Tarbosaurus",
                              "Tyrannosaurus",
                              "Albertasaurus"};

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        foreach( string dinosaur in dinosaurs )
        {
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Albertasaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Albertasaurus
Tarbosaurus
Tyrannosaurus

Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

Pachycephalosaurus
Amargasaurus
Mamenchisaurus
Tyrannosaurus
Tarbosaurus
Albertasaurus
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface  IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs = 
    [| "Pachycephalosaurus"
       "Amargasaurus"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Tarbosaurus"
       "Tyrannosaurus"
       "Albertasaurus" |]

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for dino in dinosaurs do
    printfn $"{dino}"


// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    Albertasaurus
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)
//    
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Albertasaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Pachycephalosaurus
//    Amargasaurus
//    Mamenchisaurus
//    Tyrannosaurus
//    Tarbosaurus
//    Albertasaurus

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Pachycephalosaurus", _
            "Amargasaurus", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Tarbosaurus", _
            "Tyrannosaurus", _
            "Albertasaurus"  }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & "Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For Each dinosaur As String In dinosaurs
            Console.WriteLine(dinosaur)
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Albertasaurus
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3)
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Albertasaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Pachycephalosaurus
'Amargasaurus
'Mamenchisaurus
'Tyrannosaurus
'Tarbosaurus
'Albertasaurus

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada elemento dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de array debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con todos los demás elementos de array.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

.NET Framework 4 y versiones anteriores solo usaban el algoritmo Quicksort. Quicksort identifica comparadores no válidos en algunas situaciones en las que la operación de ordenación produce una IndexOutOfRangeException excepción y produce una ArgumentException excepción al autor de la llamada. A partir de .NET Framework 4.5, es posible que las operaciones de ordenación que se iniciaron ArgumentException anteriormente no inicien una excepción, ya que los algoritmos de ordenación de inserción y montón no detectan un comparador no válido. En su mayor parte, esto se aplica a matrices con menos o igual que 16 elementos.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])

Ordena un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada clave.

public:
generic <typename TKey, typename TValue>
 static void Sort(cli::array <TKey> ^ keys, cli::array <TValue> ^ items);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[] items);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[]? items);

static member Sort : 'Key[] * 'Value[] -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of TKey, TValue) (keys As TKey(), items As TValue())

Parámetros de tipo

TKey

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de claves.

TValue

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de elementos.

Parámetros

keys: TKey[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: TValue[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene los elementos que se corresponden con las claves de keys o null para ordenar solo keys.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

ArgumentException

items no es null y el límite inferior de keys no coincide con el límite inferior de items.

o bien

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestran las sobrecargas de Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])método genérico , Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>)Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32), y Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) para ordenar pares de matrices que representan claves y valores.

El ejemplo de código crea y muestra una matriz de nombres de dinosaurios (las claves) y una matriz de enteros que representan la longitud máxima de cada dinosaurio en metros (los valores). A continuación, las matrices se ordenan y se muestran varias veces:

La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[]) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar ambas matrices en orden de los nombres de dinosaurio en la primera matriz.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga y una instancia de ReverseCompare se usan para invertir el criterio de ordenación de las matrices emparejadas.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices en orden inverso.

Nota:

Las llamadas a los métodos genéricos no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del tipo de los dos primeros argumentos. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el lenguaje intermedio (MSIL) de Microsoft, puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus", 
            "Chasmosaurus", 
            "Coelophysis", 
            "Mamenchisaurus", 
            "Caudipteryx", 
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

    array<int>^ dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus",
            "Chasmosaurus",
            "Coelophysis",
            "Mamenchisaurus",
            "Caudipteryx",
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

        int[] dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Seismosaurus"
       "Chasmosaurus"
       "Coelophysis"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Caudipteryx"
       "Cetiosaurus" |]

let dinosaurSizes = [| 40; 5; 3; 22; 1; 18 |]

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
//    
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Seismosaurus", _
            "Chasmosaurus", _
            "Coelophysis", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Caudipteryx", _
            "Cetiosaurus"  }

        Dim dinosaurSizes() As Integer = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
'
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Comentarios

Cada clave de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de la partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es de Lengtharray.n

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>)

Ordena un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.

public:
generic <typename TKey, typename TValue>
 static void Sort(cli::array <TKey> ^ keys, cli::array <TValue> ^ items, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[] items, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[]? items, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

static member Sort : 'Key[] * 'Value[] * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of TKey, TValue) (keys As TKey(), items As TValue(), comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

Parámetros de tipo

TKey

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de claves.

TValue

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de elementos.

Parámetros

keys: TKey[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: TValue[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene los elementos que se corresponden con las claves de keys o null para ordenar solo keys.

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

La implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> que se va a usar al comparar elementos o null para usar la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

ArgumentException

items no es null y el límite inferior de keys no coincide con el límite inferior de items.

o bien

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestran las Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])sobrecargas de método genérico , Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>), Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32), y Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) para ordenar pares de matrices que representan claves y valores.

En el ejemplo de código se define un comparador alternativo para cadenas, denominadas ReverseCompare, que implementa la IComparer<string> interfaz genérica (IComparer(Of String) en Visual Basic, IComparer<String^> en Visual C++). El comparador llama al CompareTo(String) método , lo que invierte el orden de los comparands para que las cadenas ordenen de alto a bajo en lugar de bajo a alto.

El ejemplo de código crea y muestra una matriz de nombres de dinosaurios (las claves) y una matriz de enteros que representan la longitud máxima de cada dinosaurio en metros (los valores). Las matrices se ordenan y se muestran varias veces:

La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[]) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar ambas matrices en orden de los nombres de los dinosaurios en la primera matriz.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga y una instancia de ReverseCompare se usan para invertir el criterio de ordenación de las matrices emparejadas.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices en orden inverso.

Nota

Las llamadas a los métodos genéricos no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del tipo de los dos primeros argumentos. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el Microsoft lenguaje intermedio (MSIL), puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus", 
            "Chasmosaurus", 
            "Coelophysis", 
            "Mamenchisaurus", 
            "Caudipteryx", 
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

    array<int>^ dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus",
            "Chasmosaurus",
            "Coelophysis",
            "Mamenchisaurus",
            "Caudipteryx",
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

        int[] dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Seismosaurus"
       "Chasmosaurus"
       "Coelophysis"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Caudipteryx"
       "Cetiosaurus" |]

let dinosaurSizes = [| 40; 5; 3; 22; 1; 18 |]

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
//    
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Seismosaurus", _
            "Chasmosaurus", _
            "Coelophysis", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Caudipteryx", _
            "Cetiosaurus"  }

        Dim dinosaurSizes() As Integer = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
'
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada clave de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con todas las demás claves.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log ), donde n es de Lengtharray.n

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32)

Ordena un intervalo de elementos en un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada clave.

public:
generic <typename TKey, typename TValue>
 static void Sort(cli::array <TKey> ^ keys, cli::array <TValue> ^ items, int index, int length);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[] items, int index, int length);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[]? items, int index, int length);

static member Sort : 'Key[] * 'Value[] * int * int -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of TKey, TValue) (keys As TKey(), items As TValue(), index As Integer, length As Integer)

Parámetros de tipo

TKey

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de claves.

TValue

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de elementos.

Parámetros

keys: TKey[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: TValue[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene los elementos que se corresponden con las claves de keys o null para ordenar solo keys.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de keys.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

items no es null y el límite inferior de keys no coincide con el límite inferior de items.

o bien

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de keys.

o bien

items no es null, y index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de items.

InvalidOperationException

Uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestran las Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])sobrecargas de método genérico , Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>)Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32), y Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) para ordenar pares de matrices que representan claves y valores.

En el ejemplo de código se define un comparador alternativo para cadenas, denominadas ReverseCompare, que implementa la IComparer<string> interfaz genérica (IComparer(Of String) en Visual Basic, IComparer<String^> en Visual C++). El comparador llama al CompareTo(String) método , lo que invierte el orden de los comparands para que las cadenas ordenen de alto a bajo en lugar de bajo a alto.

El ejemplo de código crea y muestra una matriz de nombres de dinosaurios (las claves) y una matriz de enteros que representan la longitud máxima de cada dinosaurio en metros (los valores). Las matrices se ordenan y se muestran varias veces:

La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[]) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar ambas matrices en orden de los nombres de los dinosaurios en la primera matriz.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga y una instancia de ReverseCompare se usan para invertir el criterio de ordenación de las matrices emparejadas.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices en orden inverso.

Nota:

Las llamadas a los métodos genéricos no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del tipo de los dos primeros argumentos. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el Microsoft lenguaje intermedio (MSIL), puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus", 
            "Chasmosaurus", 
            "Coelophysis", 
            "Mamenchisaurus", 
            "Caudipteryx", 
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

    array<int>^ dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus",
            "Chasmosaurus",
            "Coelophysis",
            "Mamenchisaurus",
            "Caudipteryx",
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

        int[] dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Seismosaurus"
       "Chasmosaurus"
       "Coelophysis"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Caudipteryx"
       "Cetiosaurus" |]

let dinosaurSizes = [| 40; 5; 3; 22; 1; 18 |]

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
//    
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Seismosaurus", _
            "Chasmosaurus", _
            "Coelophysis", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Caudipteryx", _
            "Cetiosaurus"  }

        Dim dinosaurSizes() As Integer = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
'
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Comentarios

Cada clave dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Consulte también

Se aplica a

Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>)

Ordena un intervalo de elementos de un par de objetos Array (uno contiene las claves y el otro contiene los elementos correspondientes) en función de las claves de la primera matriz Array usando la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> especificada.

public:
generic <typename TKey, typename TValue>
 static void Sort(cli::array <TKey> ^ keys, cli::array <TValue> ^ items, int index, int length, System::Collections::Generic::IComparer<TKey> ^ comparer);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[] items, int index, int length, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey> comparer);

public static void Sort<TKey,TValue> (TKey[] keys, TValue[]? items, int index, int length, System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<TKey>? comparer);

static member Sort : 'Key[] * 'Value[] * int * int * System.Collections.Generic.IComparer<'Key> -> unit

Public Shared Sub Sort(Of TKey, TValue) (keys As TKey(), items As TValue(), index As Integer, length As Integer, comparer As IComparer(Of TKey))

Parámetros de tipo

TKey

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de claves.

TValue

Tipo de los elementos de la matriz de elementos.

Parámetros

keys: TKey[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene las claves que se van a ordenar.

items: TValue[]

Array unidimensional de base cero que contiene los elementos que se corresponden con las claves de keys o null para ordenar solo keys.

index: Int32

Índice inicial del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

length: Int32

Número de elementos del intervalo que se va a ordenar.

comparer: IComparer<TKey>

La implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparer<T> que se va a usar al comparar elementos o null para usar la implementación de la interfaz genérica IComparable<T> de cada elemento.

Excepciones

ArgumentNullException

keys es null.

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

index es menor que el límite inferior de keys.

o bien

length es menor que cero.

ArgumentException

items no es null y el límite inferior de keys no coincide con el límite inferior de items.

o bien

items no es null y la longitud de keys es mayor que la longitud de items.

o bien

index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de keys.

o bien

items no es null, y index y length no especifican un intervalo válido en el objeto Array de items.

o bien

La implementación de comparer produjo un error durante la ordenación. Por ejemplo, es posible que comparer no devuelva 0 al comparar un elemento consigo mismo.

InvalidOperationException

comparer es null y uno o más elementos del objeto Array de keys no implementan la interfaz genérica IComparable<T>.

Ejemplos

En el ejemplo de código siguiente se muestran las Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[])sobrecargas de método genérico , Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>)Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32), y Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) para ordenar pares de matrices que representan claves y valores.

En el ejemplo de código se define un comparador alternativo para cadenas, denominadas ReverseCompare, que implementa la IComparer<string>interfaz genérica (IComparer(Of String) en Visual Basic, IComparer<String^> en Visual C++). El comparador llama al CompareTo(String) método , lo que invierte el orden de los comparands para que las cadenas ordenen de alto a bajo en lugar de bajo a alto.

El ejemplo de código crea y muestra una matriz de nombres de dinosaurios (las claves) y una matriz de enteros que representan la longitud máxima de cada dinosaurio en metros (los valores). Las matrices se ordenan y se muestran varias veces:

La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[]) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar ambas matrices en orden de los nombres de los dinosaurios en la primera matriz.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga y una instancia de ReverseCompare se usan para invertir el criterio de ordenación de las matrices emparejadas.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices.
La Sort<TKey,TValue>(TKey[], TValue[], Int32, Int32, IComparer<TKey>) sobrecarga se usa para ordenar los tres últimos elementos de ambas matrices en orden inverso.

Nota:

Las llamadas a los métodos genéricos no tienen ningún aspecto diferente de las llamadas a sus homólogos no genéricos, ya que Visual Basic, C# y C++ deducen el tipo del parámetro de tipo genérico del tipo del tipo de los dos primeros argumentos. Si usa el Ildasm.exe (Desensamblador de IL) para examinar el Microsoft lenguaje intermedio (MSIL), puede ver que se llama a los métodos genéricos.

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;

public ref class ReverseComparer: IComparer<String^>
{
public:
    virtual int Compare(String^ x, String^ y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y->CompareTo(x);
    }
};

void main()
{
    array<String^>^ dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus", 
            "Chasmosaurus", 
            "Coelophysis", 
            "Mamenchisaurus", 
            "Caudipteryx", 
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

    array<int>^ dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    ReverseComparer^ rc = gcnew ReverseComparer();

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }

    Console::WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
    Array::Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

    Console::WriteLine();
    for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs->Length; i++)
    {
        Console::WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", 
            dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ReverseComparer: IComparer<string>
{
    public int Compare(string x, string y)
    {
        // Compare y and x in reverse order.
        return y.CompareTo(x);
    }
}

public class Example
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string[] dinosaurs = {
            "Seismosaurus",
            "Chasmosaurus",
            "Coelophysis",
            "Mamenchisaurus",
            "Caudipteryx",
            "Cetiosaurus"  };

        int[] dinosaurSizes = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 };

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        ReverseComparer rc = new ReverseComparer();

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)");
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc);

        Console.WriteLine();
        for (int i = 0; i < dinosaurs.Length; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.",
                dinosaurs[i], dinosaurSizes[i]);
        }
    }
}

/* This code example produces the following output:

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.

Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
 */

open System
open System.Collections.Generic

type ReverseComparer() =
    interface IComparer<string> with
        member _.Compare(x, y) =
            y.CompareTo x

let dinosaurs =
    [| "Seismosaurus"
       "Chasmosaurus"
       "Coelophysis"
       "Mamenchisaurus"
       "Caudipteryx"
       "Cetiosaurus" |]

let dinosaurSizes = [| 40; 5; 3; 22; 1; 18 |]

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

let rc = ReverseComparer()

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

printfn "\nSort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)"
Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

printfn ""
for i = 0 to dinosaurs.Length - 1 do
    printfn $"{dinosaurs[i]}: up to {dinosaurSizes[i]} meters long."

// This code example produces the following output:
//
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
//    
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    
//    Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
//    
//    Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
//    Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
//    Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
//    Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
//    Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
//    Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class ReverseComparer
    Implements IComparer(Of String)

    Public Function Compare(ByVal x As String, _
        ByVal y As String) As Integer _
        Implements IComparer(Of String).Compare

        ' Compare y and x in reverse order.
        Return y.CompareTo(x)

    End Function
End Class

Public Class Example

    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim dinosaurs() As String = { _
            "Seismosaurus", _
            "Chasmosaurus", _
            "Coelophysis", _
            "Mamenchisaurus", _
            "Caudipteryx", _
            "Cetiosaurus"  }

        Dim dinosaurSizes() As Integer = { 40, 5, 3, 22, 1, 18 }

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Dim rc As New ReverseComparer()

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

        Console.WriteLine(vbLf & _
            "Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)")
        Array.Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)

        Console.WriteLine()
        For i As Integer = 0 To dinosaurs.Length - 1
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: up to {1} meters long.", _
                dinosaurs(i), dinosaurSizes(i))
        Next

    End Sub

End Class

' This code example produces the following output:
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes)
'
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'
'Sort(dinosaurs, dinosaurSizes, 3, 3, rc)
'
'Seismosaurus: up to 40 meters long.
'Mamenchisaurus: up to 22 meters long.
'Coelophysis: up to 3 meters long.
'Chasmosaurus: up to 5 meters long.
'Cetiosaurus: up to 18 meters long.
'Caudipteryx: up to 1 meters long.

Comentarios

Si comparer es null, cada clave dentro del intervalo especificado de elementos de keysArray debe implementar la IComparable<T> interfaz genérica para poder realizar comparaciones con cada otra clave.

Si la ordenación no se completa correctamente, los resultados no están definidos.

Este método usa el algoritmo de ordenación introspectiva (introsort) de la siguiente manera:

Si el tamaño de partición es menor o igual que 16 elementos, usa un algoritmo de ordenación de inserción .
Si el número de particiones supera 2 * Log^N, donde N es el intervalo de la matriz de entrada, usa un algoritmo Heapsort .
De lo contrario, usa un algoritmo Quicksort .

Este método es una operación de O(n log n), donde n es length.

Notas a los autores de las llamadas

Consulte también

Se aplica a