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_mbsnbcmp, _mbsnbcmp_l

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Compares the first n bytes of two multibyte-character strings.

Important

This API cannot be used in applications that execute in the Windows Runtime. For more information, see CRT functions not supported in Universal Windows Platform apps.

Syntax

int _mbsnbcmp(
   const unsigned char *string1,
   const unsigned char *string2,
   size_t count
);
int _mbsnbcmp_l(
   const unsigned char *string1,
   const unsigned char *string2,
   size_t count,
   _locale_t locale
);

Parameters

string1, string2
The strings to compare.

count
The number of bytes to compare.

locale
The locale to use.

Return value

The return value indicates the ordinal relationship between the substrings of string1 and string2.

Return value Description
< 0 string1 substring is less than string2 substring.
0 string1 substring is identical to string2 substring.
> 0 string1 substring is greater than string2 substring.

On a parameter validation error, _mbsnbcmp and _mbsnbcmp_l return _NLSCMPERROR, which is defined in <string.h> and <mbstring.h>.

Remarks

The _mbsnbcmp functions compare at most the first count bytes in string1 and string2 and return a value that indicates the relationship between the substrings. _mbsnbcmp is a case-sensitive version of _mbsnbicmp. Unlike _mbsnbcoll, _mbsnbcmp isn't affected by the collation order of the locale. _mbsnbcmp recognizes multibyte-character sequences according to the current multibyte code page.

_mbsnbcmp resembles _mbsncmp, except that _mbsncmp compares strings by characters rather than by bytes.

The output value is affected by the LC_CTYPE category setting of the locale, which specifies the lead bytes and trailing bytes of multibyte characters. For more information, see setlocale. The _mbsnbcmp function uses the current locale for this locale-dependent behavior. The _mbsnbcmp_l function is identical except that it uses the locale parameter instead. For more information, see Locale.

If either string1 or string2 is a null pointer, these functions invoke the invalid parameter handler, as described in Parameter validation. If execution is allowed to continue, the functions return _NLSCMPERROR, and errno is set to EINVAL.

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this behavior, see Global state in the CRT.

Generic-text routine mappings

Tchar.h routine _UNICODE and _MBCS not defined _MBCS defined _UNICODE defined
_tcsncmp strncmp _mbsnbcmp wcsncmp
_tcsncmp_l strncmp _mbsnbcml wcsncmp

Requirements

Routine Required header
_mbsnbcmp <mbstring.h>
_mbsnbcmp_l <mbstring.h>

For more compatibility information, see Compatibility.

Example

// crt_mbsnbcmp.c
#include <mbstring.h>
#include <stdio.h>

char string1[] = "The quick brown dog jumps over the lazy fox";
char string2[] = "The QUICK brown fox jumps over the lazy dog";

int main( void )
{
   char tmp[20];
   int result;
   printf( "Compare strings:\n          %s\n", string1 );
   printf( "          %s\n\n", string2 );
   printf( "Function: _mbsnbcmp (first 10 characters only)\n" );
   result = _mbsncmp( string1, string2 , 10 );
   if( result > 0 )
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "greater than" );
   else if( result < 0 )
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "less than" );
   else
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "equal to" );
   printf( "Result:   String 1 is %s string 2\n\n", tmp );
   printf( "Function: _mbsnicmp _mbsnicmp (first 10 characters only)\n" );
   result = _mbsnicmp( string1, string2, 10 );
   if( result > 0 )
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "greater than" );
   else if( result < 0 )
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "less than" );
   else
      _mbscpy_s( tmp, sizeof(tmp), "equal to" );
   printf( "Result:   String 1 is %s string 2\n\n", tmp );
}

Output

Compare strings:
          The quick brown dog jumps over the lazy fox
          The QUICK brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

Function: _mbsnbcmp (first 10 characters only)
Result:   String 1 is greater than string 2

Function: _mbsnicmp _mbsnicmp (first 10 characters only)
Result:   String 1 is equal to string 2

See also

String manipulation
_mbsnbcat, _mbsnbcat_l
_mbsnbicmp, _mbsnbicmp_l
strncmp, wcsncmp, _mbsncmp, _mbsncmp_l
_strnicmp, _wcsnicmp, _mbsnicmp, _strnicmp_l, _wcsnicmp_l, _mbsnicmp_l
Locale
Interpretation of multibyte-character sequences