Gramática consolidada

2025-02-24

Gramática léxica

lexical-unit:
      lexical-elements_opt
lexical-elements:
      lexical-element lexical-elements_opt
lexical-element:
      whitespace
      token
      comentario

Espacio en blanco

whitespace:
      Cualquier carácter con la clase Zs de Unicode
      Carácter de tabulación horizontal (U+0009)
      Carácter de tabulación vertical (U+000B)
      Carácter de avance de página (U+000C)
      Carriage return character (U+000D) followed by line feed character (U+000A) new-line-character
new-line-character:
      Carácter de retorno de carro (U+000D)
      Carácter de avance de línea (U+000A)
      Carácter de línea siguiente (U+0085)
      Carácter de línea siguiente (U+2028)
      Carácter separador de párrafo (U+2029)

Comentario

comment:
      single-line-comment
      delimited-comment
single-line-comment:
       // single-line-comment-characters_opt
single-line-comment-characters:
      single-line-comment-character single-line-comment-characters_opt
single-line-comment-character:
      Any Unicode character except a new-line-character
delimited-comment:
       /* delimited-comment-text_opt asteriscos/
delimited-comment-text:
      delimited-comment-section delimited-comment-text_opt
delimited-comment-section:
      /
       asterisks_opt not-slash-or-asterisk
asterisks:
       * asteriscos_opt
not-slash-or-asterisk:
      Cualquier carácter Unicode menos * o /

Tokens

token:
      identificador
      palabra clave
      Literal
      operator-or-punctuator

Secuencias de escape de caracteres

character-escape-sequence:
       #( escape-sequence-list)
escape-sequence-list:
      single-escape-sequence
      escape-sequence-list,single-escape-sequence
single-escape-sequence:
      long-unicode-escape-sequence
      short-unicode-escape-sequence
      control-character-escape-sequence
      escape-escape
long-unicode-escape-sequence:
      hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit
short-unicode-escape-sequence:
      hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit hex-digit
control-character-escape-sequence:
      control-character
control-character:
      cr
      lf
      tab
escape-escape:
      #

Literales

literal:
      logical-literal
      number-literal
      text-literal
      null-literal
      verbatim-literal
logical-literal:
      true
      false
number-literal:
      decimal-number-literal
      hexadecimal-number-literal
decimal-digits:
      decimal-digit decimal-digits_opt
decimal-digit: one of
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
hexadecimal-number-literal:
       0x dígitos hexadecimales
       0X dígitos hexadecimales
hex-digits:
      hex-digit hex-digits_opt
hex-digit: one of
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F a b c d e f
decimal-number-literal:
      decimal-digits decimal-digits.exponent-part_opt
       . decimal-digits exponent-part_opt
      decimal-digits exponent-part_opt
exponent-part:
       e sign_opt decimal-digits
       E sign_opt decimal-digits
sign: one of
      + -
text-literal:
       " text-literal-characters_opt"
text-literal-characters:
      text-literal-character text-literal-characters_opt
text-literal-character:
      single-text-character
      character-escape-sequence
      double-quote-escape-sequence
single-text-character:
      Cualquier carácter excepto " (U+0022) o # (U+0023) seguido de ( (U+0028)
double-quote-escape-sequence:
       "" (U+0022, U+0022)
null-literal:
      null
verbatim-literal:
       #!" text-literal-characters_opt"

Identificadores

identifier:
      regular-identifier
      quoted-identifier
regular-identifier:
      available-identifier
      available-identifier dot-character regular-identifier
available-identifier:
      A keyword-or-identifier that is not a keyword
keyword-or-identifier:
      letter-character
      underscore-character
      identifier-start-character identifier-part-characters
identifier-start-character:
      letter-character
      underscore-character
identifier-part-characters:
      identifier-part-character identifier-part-characters_opt
identifier-part-character:
      letter-character
      decimal-digit-character
      underscore-character
      connecting-character
      combining-character
      formatting-character
generalized-identifier:
      generalized-identifier-part
      generalized-identifier separated only by blanks (U+0020) generalized-identifier-part
generalized-identifier-part:
      generalized-identifier-segment
      decimal-digit-character generalized-identifier-segment
generalized-identifier-segment:
      keyword-or-identifier
      keyword-or-identifier dot-character keyword-or-identifier
dot-character:
       . (U+002E)
underscore-character:
       _ (U+005F)
letter-character:_
      Un carácter Unicode de las clases Lu, Ll, Lt, Lm, Lo o Nl
combining-character:
      Un carácter Unicode de las clases MN o MC
decimal-digit-character:
      Un carácter Unicode de la clase Nd
connecting-character:
      Un carácter Unicode de la clase Pc
formatting-character:
      Un carácter Unicode de la clase Cf
quoted-identifier:
       #" text-literal-characters_opt"

Palabras clave e identificadores predefinidos

Los identificadores predefinidos y las palabras clave no se pueden redefinir. Se puede usar un identificador entre comillas para controlar los identificadores que de otro modo entrarían en conflicto con las palabras clave o los identificadores predefinidos.

keyword: one of
and as each else error false if in is let meta not null or otherwise
section shared then true try type #binary #date #datetime
#datetimezone #duration #infinity #nan #sections #shared #table #time

Operadores y signos de puntuación

operator-or-punctuator: one of
, ; = < <= > >= <> + - * / & ( ) [ ] { } @ ? ?? => .. ...

Gramática sintáctica

Documentos

document:
section-document
expression-document

Documentos de sección

section-document:
      section
section:
      literal-attributes_optsectionsection-name;section-members opt
section-name:
      identificador
section-members:
      section-member section-members_opt
section-member:
      literal-attributes_opt shared_opt section-member-name=expression;
section-member-name:
      identifier

Documentos de expresión

Expresiones

expression-document:
      expresión
expression:
      logical-or-expression
each-expression
      function-expression
      let-expression
      if-expression
      error-raising-expression
      error-handling-expression

Expresiones lógicas

logical-or-expression:
      logical-and-expression
      logical-and-expressionorlogical-or-expression
logical-and-expression:
      is-expression
      logical-and-expression is-expressionand

Expresión is

is-expression:
as-expression
is-expressionistipo-primitivo-o-nulable-primitivo

Expresión as

as-expression:
equality-expression
as-expressionastipo primitivo o primitivo anulable

Expresión de igualdad

equality-expression:
      relational-expression
      relational-expression=equality-expression
      relational-expression<>equality-expression

Expresión relacional

relational-expression:
      additive-expression
      additive-expression<relational-expression
      additive-expression>relational-expression
      additive-expression<=relational-expression
      additive-expression>=relational-expression

Expresiones aritméticas

additive-expression:
      multiplicative-expression
      multiplicative-expression+additive-expression
      multiplicative-expression-additive-expression
      multiplicative-expression& _additive-expression
multiplicative-expression:
      metadata-expression
      metadata-expression*multiplicative-expression
      metadata-expression/multiplicative-expression

Expresión de metadatos

metadata-expression:
unary-expression
unary-expressionmetaunary-expression

Expresión unaria

unary-expression:
      type-expression
       + unary-expression
       - unary-expression
       not unary-expression

Expresión primaria

primary-expression:
      literal-expression
      list-expression
      record-expression
      identifier-expression
      section-access-expression
      parenthesized-expression
      field-access-expression
      item-access-expression
      invoke-expression
      not-implemented-expression

Expresión literal

literal-expression:
literal

Expresión de identificador

identifier-expression:
      identifier-reference
identifier-reference:
      exclusive-identifier-reference
      inclusive-identifier-reference
exclusive-identifier-reference:
      identificador
inclusive-identifier-reference:
       @ identificador

Expresión de acceso de sección

section-access-expression:
identificador de identificador!

Expresión entre paréntesis

parenthesized-expression:
( expresión)

Expresión no implementada

not-implemented-expression:
...

Expresión de invocación

invoke-expression:
      primary-expression(argument-list_opt)
argument-list:
      expresión
      expresión,argument-list

Expresión de lista

list-expression:
       { participación en la lista_{de elementos}}
item-list:
      item
      item-list,
item:
      expresión
      expresión..

Expresión de registro

record-expression:
       [ _{opción de lista_{de campos}]

field-list:

      campo

      field-list,

campo:

      expresión field-name=

field-name:

      generalized-identifier

      quoted-identifier}

Expresión de acceso a elementos

item-access-expression:
      item-selection
      optional-item-selection
item-selection:
primary-expression{item-selector}
optional-item-selection:
      primary-expression{item-selector} ?
item-selector:
      expression

Expresión de acceso a campos

field-access-expression:
      field-selection
      implicit-target-field-selection
      proyección
      implicit-target-projection
field-selection:
      primary-expression field-selector
field-selector:
      required-field-selector
      optional-field-selector
required-field-selector:
       [ field-name]
optional-field-selector:
       [ field-name] ?
implicit-target-field-selection:
      field-selector
projection:
      primary-expression required-projection
      primary-expression optional-projection
required-projection:_
       [ required-selector-list]
optional-projection:
       [ required-selector-list] ?
required-selector-list:
      required-field-selector
      required-field-selector,required-selector-list
implicit-target-projection:
      required-projection
      optional-projection

Expresión de función

function-expression:
       ( parameter-list_opt)return-type_opt=>function-body
function-body:
      expresión
parameter-list:
      fixed-parameter-list
      fixed-parameter-list,optional-parameter-list
      optional-parameter-list
fixed-parameter-list:
      parámetro
      parameter,fixed-parameter-list
parameter:
      nombre-de-parámetro tipo-de-parámetro_opcional
parameter-name:
      identificador
parameter-type:
      aserción-de-tipo-primitivo-o-primitivo-anulable
return-type:
      comprobación-de-tipo-primitivo-o-primitivo-nullable
primitive-or-nullable-primitive-type-assertion:
       as tipo primitivo o primitivo anulable
optional-parameter-list:
      optional-parameter
      optional-parameter,optional-parameter-list
optional-parameter:
       optional parámetro

Expresión each

each-expression:
each each-expression-body
each-expression-body:
function-body

Expresión let

let-expression:
       let expresión variable-listin
variable-list:
      variable
      variable,variable-list
variable:
      expresión variable-name=
variable-name:
      identifier

Expresión if

if-expression:
       if if-conditionthentrue-expressionelsefalse-expression
if-condition:
      expresión
true-expression:
      expresión
false-expression:
      expression

Expresión de tipo

type-expression:
      primary-expression
       type tipo principal
type:
      primary-expression
      primary-type
primary-type:
      tipo-primitivo-o-tipo-primitivo-anulable
      record-type
      list-type
      function-type
      table-type
      tipo anulable
tipo primitivo o tipo primitivo anulable:
       nullable _opt primitive-type
tipo primitivo: uno de
      any anynonnull binary date datetime datetimezone duration function list logical
      none null number record table text time type
record-type:
       [ open-record-marker]
       [ field-specification-list_opt]
       [ field-specification-list,open-record-marker]
field-specification-list:
      field-specification
      field-specification,field-specification-list
field-specification:
       optional _opt field-name field-type-specification_opt
field-type-specification:
       = tipo de campo
field-type:
      tipo
open-record-marker:
      ...
list-type:
       { item-type}
item-type:
      tipo
function-type:
       function ( parameter-specification-list_opt)return-type
parameter-specification-list:
      required-parameter-specification-list
      required-parameter-specification-list,optional-parameter-specification-list
      optional-parameter-specification-list
required-parameter-specification-list:
      required-parameter-specification
      required-parameter-specification,required-parameter-specification-list
required-parameter-specification:
      parameter-specification
optional-parameter-specification-list:
      optional-parameter-specification
      optional-parameter-specification,optional-parameter-specification-list
optional-parameter-specification:
       optional parameter-specification
parameter-specification:
      parameter-name parameter-type
parameter-type:
      aseveración de tipo
type-assertion:
       as tipo
table-type:
       table tipo de fila
row-type:
       [ field-specification-list_opt]
nullable-type:
       nullable tipo

Expresión de generación de errores

error-raising-expression:
error expression_

Expresión de control de errores

error-handling-expression:
       try protected-expression error-handler_opt
protected-expression:
      expresión
error-handler:
      otherwise-clause
      catch-clause
otherwise-clause:
       otherwise default-expression
default-expression:
       expression
catch-clause:
       catch catch-function
catch-function:
       ( ) => function-body

Atributos literales

literal-attributes:
      record-literal
record-literal:
       [ literal-field-list_opt]
literal-field-list:
      literal-field
      literal-field,literal-field-list
literal-field:
      field-name=any-literal
list-literal:
       { literal-item-list_opt}
literal-item-list:
      any-literal
      any-literal-item-list,
any-literal:
      record-literal
      list-literal
      logical-literal
      number-literal
      text-literal
      null-literal