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Create a virtual machine with a static private IP address using Azure PowerShell

  • Artikkeli

A virtual machine (VM) is automatically assigned a private IP address from a range that you specify. This range is based on the subnet in which the VM is deployed. The VM keeps the address until the VM is deleted. Azure dynamically assigns the next available private IP address from the subnet you create a VM in. Assign a static IP address to the VM if you want a specific IP address in the subnet.

Prerequisites

  • An Azure account with an active subscription. Create an account for free.
  • Azure PowerShell installed locally or Azure Cloud Shell

If you choose to install and use PowerShell locally, this article requires the Azure PowerShell module version 5.4.1 or later. Run Get-Module -ListAvailable Az to find the installed version. If you need to upgrade, see Install Azure PowerShell module. If you're running PowerShell locally, you also need to run Connect-AzAccount to create a connection with Azure.

Create a resource group

An Azure resource group is a logical container into which Azure resources are deployed and managed.

Create a resource group with New-AzResourceGroup named myResourceGroup in the eastus2 location.

## Create resource group. ##
$rg =@{
    Name = 'myResourceGroup'
    Location = 'eastus2'
}
New-AzResourceGroup @rg

Create a virtual machine

Create a virtual machine with New-AzVM.

The following command creates a Windows Server virtual machine. When prompted, provide a username and password to be used as the credentials for the virtual machine:

## Create virtual machine. ##
$vm = @{
    ResourceGroupName = 'myResourceGroup'
    Location = 'East US 2'
    Name = 'myVM'
    PublicIpAddressName = 'myPublicIP'
}
New-AzVM @vm

Change private IP address to static

In this section, you'll change the private IP address from dynamic to static for the virtual machine you created previously.

Use Get-AzVirtualNetwork to place the virtual network configuration into a variable. Use Get-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig to place the subnet configuration into a variable. Use Get-AzNetworkInterface to obtain the network interface configuration and place into a variable. Use Set-AzNetworkInterfaceIpConfig to set the configuration of the network interface. Finally, use Set-AzNetworkInterface to set the configuration for the virtual machine.

The following command changes the private IP address of the virtual machine to static:

## Place virtual network configuration into a variable. ##
$net = @{
    Name = 'myVM'
    ResourceGroupName = 'myResourceGroup'
}
$vnet = Get-AzVirtualNetwork @net

## Place subnet configuration into a variable. ##
$sub = @{
    Name = 'myVM'
    VirtualNetwork = $vnet
}
$subnet = Get-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig @sub

## Get name of network interface and place into a variable ##
$int1 = @{
    Name = 'myVM'
    ResourceGroupName = 'myResourceGroup'
}
$vm = Get-AzVM @int1

## Place network interface configuration into a variable. ##
$nic = Get-AzNetworkInterface -ResourceId $vm.NetworkProfile.NetworkInterfaces.Id

## Set interface configuration. ##
$config =@{
    Name = 'myVM'
    PrivateIpAddress = '192.168.1.4'
    Subnet = $subnet
}
$nic | Set-AzNetworkInterfaceIpConfig @config -Primary

## Save interface configuration. ##
$nic | Set-AzNetworkInterface

Warning

From within the operating system of a VM, you shouldn't statically assign the private IP that's assigned to the Azure VM. Only do static assignment of a private IP when it's necessary, such as when assigning many IP addresses to VMs.

If you manually set the private IP address within the operating system, make sure it matches the private IP address assigned to the Azure network interface. Otherwise, you can lose connectivity to the VM. Learn more about private IP address settings.

Clean up resources

When no longer needed, you can use Remove-AzResourceGroup to remove the resource group and all of the resources it contains:

Remove-AzResourceGroup -Name myResourceGroup -Force

Next steps